Torez
Encyclopedia
Thorez is a city of oblast subordinance in Donetsk Oblast
of Ukraine
. Population - 72,346 (2001). Most residents living here are working in the mine industry
, although now declining. In 1978 there were 97,000 residents in the city.
The city was named after French Communist Party
leader Maurice Thorez
.
Since the 1860s - the centre of mining coal. Since the second half of the 19th century the settlement was called by the name of the owner Chistyakova estates - Taganrog merchant Chistyakove. In 1875, founded Chistyakovskoe Mining Company, in the north of the current Thorez then worked mines «Slant» and «Gallery», as well as Oleksiivs'ky Mining Company (since 1907 renamed the «Nadiya»). In 1909, in the mountainous area Chistyakovskom produced 4 700 thousand poods coal in 1916 - 76 800 thousand poods coal.
In 1924, in Chistyakovskom mountainous area, there were 142 settlements, there were 44 679 people. In 1932 the village became a town. In 1933, established a trust «Chistyakovugol», combining the 10 coal mines, stone career.
In the 1940s, established the District 3 city council Chistyakove (now removed):
Today Thorez - big city, one of the centres of the coal industry in Ukraine
. The population is close to the mark in 70,000, and the average density of population - 822 persons per square kilometer.
Rail submitted three stations:
And yet the two stations, through which pass electric commuter routes:
and (GHK «Thorezantratsit»), dressing plants - coal production in 2003 at - 703 tons. The difficult situation in the coal mining town. A number of mines that are going to close, then again they are developing programmes. Surface complexes of closed businesses destroyed. Life in the villages with them freezes. The best prospects for coal production from mines «Progres», «Yablonevska», named Lutugin and Kiselev.
Factories: Electrical Engineering (production of equipment for downhole control eletroprivodami machines), naplavochnyh hard alloys ( «Thoreztverdosplav»), reinforced concrete shaft roof, repair-mechanical, milk, bread, meat processing. Factory: furniture, «EVMinform», food. About half of the total number of employees in the national economy of work in the industry.
Industrial production - 175 million hryvnia (by 1 people - 1 919 UAH). The index of industrial production - 23.2% in the 2003 from the 1990 from. Emissions of harmful substances in the 2003 from air pollution sources from the city - 5,8 thousand tons.
Today the central village completely connected with the city centre and other areas Thorez. In the central village shodni acting school, two kindergartens.
Hungarians. Array consisted of seven-story apartment buildings like Stalin, but to date the buildings remaining five. Shanghai restricted streets Kirova, Mins'ka, Fadeeva and Shyroka. From the centre of Thorez and connected streets Lenina and Robocha.
In recent years «Shanghai» also called neighborhood housing estate - the areas of private buildings by the streets Shyroka, Smolensk, Novocherkassk, Minsk, Kirov.
Donetsk Oblast
Donetsk Oblast is an oblast of eastern Ukraine. Its administrative center is Donetsk. Historically, the province is an important part of the Donbas region...
of Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
. Population - 72,346 (2001). Most residents living here are working in the mine industry
Mining
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an ore body, vein or seam. The term also includes the removal of soil. Materials recovered by mining include base metals, precious metals, iron, uranium, coal, diamonds, limestone, oil shale, rock...
, although now declining. In 1978 there were 97,000 residents in the city.
The city was named after French Communist Party
French Communist Party
The French Communist Party is a political party in France which advocates the principles of communism.Although its electoral support has declined in recent decades, the PCF retains a large membership, behind only that of the Union for a Popular Movement , and considerable influence in French...
leader Maurice Thorez
Maurice Thorez
thumb|A Soviet stamp depicting Maurice Thorez.Maurice Thorez was a French politician and longtime leader of the French Communist Party from 1930 until his death. He also served as vice premier of France from 1946 to 1947....
.
History
Town was founded in 1778 as a small settlement at the confluence of the rivers Sevostyanivka and Orlova (Pool Mius) runaway serfs from different provinces. By 1800 in Sloboda Alekseevka founded by Lieutenant-General S. Leonov lived 225.Since the 1860s - the centre of mining coal. Since the second half of the 19th century the settlement was called by the name of the owner Chistyakova estates - Taganrog merchant Chistyakove. In 1875, founded Chistyakovskoe Mining Company, in the north of the current Thorez then worked mines «Slant» and «Gallery», as well as Oleksiivs'ky Mining Company (since 1907 renamed the «Nadiya»). In 1909, in the mountainous area Chistyakovskom produced 4 700 thousand poods coal in 1916 - 76 800 thousand poods coal.
In 1924, in Chistyakovskom mountainous area, there were 142 settlements, there were 44 679 people. In 1932 the village became a town. In 1933, established a trust «Chistyakovugol», combining the 10 coal mines, stone career.
In the 1940s, established the District 3 city council Chistyakove (now removed):
- Cervona zirka(Red Star)
- Pivdenna Grupa(South Group)
- Station Chistyakove
Today Thorez - big city, one of the centres of the coal industry in Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
. The population is close to the mark in 70,000, and the average density of population - 822 persons per square kilometer.
Transport system
In Thorez existing well-developed transportation system of internal and external communications. There are 31 public transport route, submitted by taxis and buses. Strong transport links with the cities of snow and Shakhtarsk. Through the centre of the city lies avtomogistral Lugansk - Donetsk (length of 9 km in the city). From the bus station (St. Popovic) go buses in Donetsk, Kharkiv and other major cities of the eastern regions of Ukraine.Rail submitted three stations:
- Thorez (St. Vokzalnaya)
- Rozsypna (uw Rozsypna)
- Pelageevsky (uw Pelageevka)
And yet the two stations, through which pass electric commuter routes:
- Art. Dronovo (uw Pelageevka)
- Art. Voskresens'ka (Central Village)
Economy
Production coalCoal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams. The harder forms, such as anthracite coal, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure...
and (GHK «Thorezantratsit»), dressing plants - coal production in 2003 at - 703 tons. The difficult situation in the coal mining town. A number of mines that are going to close, then again they are developing programmes. Surface complexes of closed businesses destroyed. Life in the villages with them freezes. The best prospects for coal production from mines «Progres», «Yablonevska», named Lutugin and Kiselev.
Factories: Electrical Engineering (production of equipment for downhole control eletroprivodami machines), naplavochnyh hard alloys ( «Thoreztverdosplav»), reinforced concrete shaft roof, repair-mechanical, milk, bread, meat processing. Factory: furniture, «EVMinform», food. About half of the total number of employees in the national economy of work in the industry.
- State Company «Thorezantratsit» (St. Engelsa)
- «Thorez'ke Auto-transport enterprise number 11467» (St. Popovicha)
- «Thorez'ke Mine construction management» (Shyroka St.)
- «TETZ Invest» - Thorez'ky electro-technical plant (St. Lenina)
- «Mine name after Kiseleva» SC «Thorezantratsit» (Shyroka St.)
- TSOF «Thorez'ka» SE «Thorezantratsit» (Sarativska str)
- JSC «Plant Thorezsky mine roof» (Factory St.)
- PP «Thorez repair-mechanical plant» SE «Thorezantratsit» (str Ryz'ka)
- SE «Mine them. L.I. Lutugin »
- "Mine «Progres»(SE «Thorezantratsit»)
- «The mine-management Volyns'ke» (SE «Thorezantratsit»)
- "Mine «Terra»
- Thorez'ky plant hard alloys - «Thoreztverdosplav» (str Labor)
- Company of Thorez'ka penal colony № 28 (State Penal Department)
- JSC «Thorez food factory» (St. Melnychna)
- JSC «Thorez furniture plant» (str. Zavods'ka)
- JSC «Thorez typography» (Gagarin Ave)
Industrial production - 175 million hryvnia (by 1 people - 1 919 UAH). The index of industrial production - 23.2% in the 2003 from the 1990 from. Emissions of harmful substances in the 2003 from air pollution sources from the city - 5,8 thousand tons.
Areas of Thorez
- Center (streets: Pionerska, Nikolaeva, Engels, Syzrantsev, 50 years of the USSR, Gagarin Ave and Boulevard Illich)
- Neighborhoods number 1, 2, 3, 4 (st. Engels)
- Neighborhood "30 years of Victory" (urban village Pelahiyivka)
- Neighborhood "G" (urban village Pelahiyivka)
- Chervona Zirka - Red Star (smt Pelahiyivka)
- Southern Group (street: Lenin, Kirov, wide Shanghai, Central Village, village mines № 25-27)
- Lutuhine (sel. mine them. Lutuguino, Zavodska, pp. Konovalivka with. Krups'ka, HABstroy st. Profspilkova)
- Railway (West part of town, the railway station, pp. mine number 9)
- urban village Rozsypne
- P. Pyatykhatky
Central village
«Central Village» ( Conversation - «TSePe») - the historic part of Thorez located in its southeast. One of the first centralized entities in the Chistyakova. By 1932 (when Thorez received city status) central role of infrastructure carried out village center Chistyakova and surrounding mining towns.Today the central village completely connected with the city centre and other areas Thorez. In the central village shodni acting school, two kindergartens.
Shanghai
«Shanghai» - a small residential area in the south east of Thorez built in 1946 of prisoners in World War IIWorld War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
Hungarians. Array consisted of seven-story apartment buildings like Stalin, but to date the buildings remaining five. Shanghai restricted streets Kirova, Mins'ka, Fadeeva and Shyroka. From the centre of Thorez and connected streets Lenina and Robocha.
In recent years «Shanghai» also called neighborhood housing estate - the areas of private buildings by the streets Shyroka, Smolensk, Novocherkassk, Minsk, Kirov.