Tolumnia
Encyclopedia
Tolumnia Rafinesque, is a genus in the family Orchidaceae
. Previously known as the "equitant Oncidiums," the species were segregated from the mega-genus Oncidium
by Guido Braem in 1986. The plants are small, usually epiphytic, with small or absent pseudobulb
s completely covered by leaves, which are triangular or circular in cross section and overlap each other at base to resemble a fan. The inflorescences arise between the leaf base and bear colorful, showy flowers. The labella are large, ornamented by variously shaped calli. The column
bears prominent wings flanking the stigma.
The genus is restricted to the Greater Antilles
, with one species extending to Florida
and one into the Lesser Antilles
. Some species are listed by the Royal Horticultural Society as occurring in mainland Central and South America as well.
Orchidaceae
The Orchidaceae, commonly referred to as the orchid family, is a morphologically diverse and widespread family of monocots in the order Asparagales. Along with the Asteraceae, it is one of the two largest families of flowering plants, with between 21,950 and 26,049 currently accepted species,...
. Previously known as the "equitant Oncidiums," the species were segregated from the mega-genus Oncidium
Oncidium
Oncidium, abbreviated as Onc. in the horticultural trade, is a genus that contains about 330 species of orchids from the subtribe Oncidiinae of the orchid family . This is a complex, difficult genus, with many species being reclassified...
by Guido Braem in 1986. The plants are small, usually epiphytic, with small or absent pseudobulb
Pseudobulb
The pseudobulb is a storage organ derived from the part of a stem between two leaf nodes.It applies to the orchid family , specifically certain groups of epiphytic orchids, and may be single or composed of several internodes with evergreen or deciduous leaves along its length.In some species, it is...
s completely covered by leaves, which are triangular or circular in cross section and overlap each other at base to resemble a fan. The inflorescences arise between the leaf base and bear colorful, showy flowers. The labella are large, ornamented by variously shaped calli. The column
Column
A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a vertical structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. For the purpose of wind or earthquake engineering, columns may be designed to resist lateral forces...
bears prominent wings flanking the stigma.
The genus is restricted to the Greater Antilles
Greater Antilles
The Greater Antilles are one of three island groups in the Caribbean. Comprising Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola , and Puerto Rico, the Greater Antilles constitute almost 90% of the land mass of the entire West Indies.-Greater Antilles in context :The islands of the Caribbean Sea, collectively known as...
, with one species extending to Florida
Florida
Florida is a state in the southeastern United States, located on the nation's Atlantic and Gulf coasts. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. With a population of 18,801,310 as measured by the 2010 census, it...
and one into the Lesser Antilles
Lesser Antilles
The Lesser Antilles are a long, partly volcanic island arc in the Western Hemisphere. Most of its islands form the eastern boundary of the Caribbean Sea with the Atlantic Ocean, with the remainder located in the southern Caribbean just north of South America...
. Some species are listed by the Royal Horticultural Society as occurring in mainland Central and South America as well.
Species
- Tolumnia acunae (M. A. Diaz) Nir, 2000 (synonym of : Tolumnia tuerckheimii (Cogn.) Braem, 1986 )
- Tolumnia arizajuliana (Withner & J.Jiménez Alm.) Ackerman, 1997
- Tolumnia bahamensis (Nash) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia borinquensis Sauleda & Ragan, 1996 (synonym of : Tolumnia variegata (Sw.) Braem, 1986 )
- Tolumnia calochila (Cogn.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia caymanensis (Moir) Braem, 1986 (synonym of : Tolumnia leiboldii (Rchb.f.) Braem, 1986 )
- Tolumnia compressicaulis (Withner) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia gauntlettii (Withner & Jesup) Nir, 1994
- Tolumnia guianensisTolumnia guianensisTolumnia guianensis is a species of orchid endemic to Hispaniola....
(Aubl.) Braem, 1986 - Tolumnia guibertiana (A.Rich.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia gundlachii (C.Wright ex Griseb.) N.H.Williams & Ackerman, 2007
- Tolumnia guttataTolumnia guttataTolumnia guttata is a species of orchid found from Mexico to Colombia and the Caribbean....
(L.) Nir, 1994 - Tolumnia haitiensis (Leonard & Ames) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia henekenii (Schomburgk ex Lindl.) Nir, 1994 (synonym of Hispaniella henekenii (M.R.Schomb. ex Lindl.) Braem, 1980 )
- Tolumnia leiboldi (Rchb. f.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia lemoniana ssp. lemoniana Braem, 1986 (synonym of Tolumnia guianensis (Aubl.) Braem, 1986 )
- Tolumnia lemoniana ssp. guibertiana (A.Rich) Braem, 1986 (synonym of Tolumnia guibertiana (A.Rich.) Braem, 1986 )
- Tolumnia lucayana (Nash) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia pulchellaTolumnia pulchellaTolumnia pulchella is a species of orchid endemic to Jamaica. It is the type species of the genus Tolumnia....
(Hook.) Rafinesque, 1837 - Tolumnia quadriloba (Schweinf.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia scandens (Moir) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia sylvestris (Lindl.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia tetrapetala (Jacq.) Braem, 1986 (synonym of Tolumnia guttata (L.) Nir, 1994 )
- Tolumnia triquetra (Sw.) Nir, 1994
- Tolumnia tuerckheimii (Cogn.) Braem, 1986
- Tolumnia urophyllaTolumnia urophyllaTolumnia urophylla is a species of orchid endemic to the Lesser Antilles....
(Loddiges ex Lindl.) Braem, 1986 - Tolumnia usneoides (Lindl.) Braem, 1986 <:small>
- Tolumnia variegataTolumnia variegataTolumnia variegata is a species of orchid endemic to the Caribbean....
(Sw.) Braem, 1986 - Tolumnia velutina (Lindl. & Paxton) Braem, 1986