Tiszai Railway Station
Encyclopedia
The Tiszai Railway Station, operated by Hungarian State Railways
, is the largest of two railway stations of the city of Miskolc
, Hungary
. Despite its name, the station is not close to the river Tisza
; it was named after the company that built it.
–Debrecen
railway line towards Nyíregyháza
and Miskolc, but due to the political situations of the time – there was a revolution against Habsburg
rule in 1848–49 – construction was delayed until 1857.
Disagreements between the railway constructing company and the local government of the city hindered work. The local government wanted the station to be built at the end of Széchenyi Street, the main street of Miskolc, approximately where the Szinvapark
shopping mall stands today, and said the area that the constructing company appointed (and where the station was eventually built) was too far from the city – at that time it was indeed about 2,5 kilometres away and the cost of transporting goods from the city to the station was too high for local merchants. Because of the disagreement the local government didn't support the building of the railway lines, and on May 24, 1859 the newly built station was opened without any opening ceremony. The station was simply called "Miskolc Railway Station" then; it got its current name in 1959.
In 1860 Miskolc was connected by railway to Košice
(then called Kassa, it was the other leading city of Northern Hungary and in many ways a rival of Miskolc), in 1870 the Miskolc-Pest
line was ready, and in 1871 the Gömör line was built.
On June 2, 1944 the US Air Force bombed the station as a part of Operation Frantic Joe. Many bombs fell on the city centre instead, claiming 206 lives (420 were wounded).
and was built in 1901 in eclectic style
. It is a listed historic building and was restored recently, in 1999. It was modernized in 2003.
During the construction of the building important archaeological findings were made, indicating a Celt
ic presence in the area.
and several bus lines (1, 1A, 101, 17, 21, 23, 31) of MVK ZRt.
have their terminus here. The square is named in honor of Kálmán Kandó
(1869–1931), a Hungarian engineer who developed components for electric locomotive
s.
Hungarian State Railways
Hungarian State Railways is the Hungarian national railway company, with divisions "MÁV Start Zrt" and "MÁV Cargo Zrt" ....
, is the largest of two railway stations of the city of Miskolc
Miskolc
Miskolc is a city in northeastern Hungary, mainly with heavy industrial background. With a population close to 170,000 Miskolc is the fourth largest city of Hungary It is also the county capital of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén and the regional centre of Northern Hungary.- Geography :Miskolc is located...
, Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
. Despite its name, the station is not close to the river Tisza
Tisza
The Tisza or Tisa is one of the main rivers of Central Europe. It rises in Ukraine, and is formed near Rakhiv by the junction of headwaters White Tisa, whose source is in the Chornohora mountains and Black Tisa, which springs in the Gorgany range...
; it was named after the company that built it.
History
Miskolc's need for connection with other cities by railway lines arose in the 1830s. Plans were made to expand the SzolnokSzolnok
Szolnok is the county seat of Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county in central Hungary. Its location on the banks of the Tisza river, at the heart of the Great Hungarian Plain, has made it an important cultural and economic crossroads for centuries....
–Debrecen
Debrecen
Debrecen , is the second largest city in Hungary after Budapest. Debrecen is the regional centre of the Northern Great Plain region and the seat of Hajdú-Bihar county.- Name :...
railway line towards Nyíregyháza
Nyíregyháza
- Tourist sights :Nyíregyháza also has several museums and exhibitions, showing the city's rich cultural heritage.* Collection of the International Medallion Art and Small Sculpture Creative Community of Nyíregyháza-Sóstó – periodic exhibitions of works of contemporary artists-Twin towns — Sister...
and Miskolc, but due to the political situations of the time – there was a revolution against Habsburg
Habsburg
The House of Habsburg , also found as Hapsburg, and also known as House of Austria is one of the most important royal houses of Europe and is best known for being an origin of all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1438 and 1740, as well as rulers of the Austrian Empire and...
rule in 1848–49 – construction was delayed until 1857.
Disagreements between the railway constructing company and the local government of the city hindered work. The local government wanted the station to be built at the end of Széchenyi Street, the main street of Miskolc, approximately where the Szinvapark
Szinvapark
Szinvapark is one of the two largest shopping malls of Miskolc, Hungary. It is situated in the city centre, not far from its main rival, the Miskolc Plaza.The three-storey shopping centre opened on September 1, 2000 and is visited by 20,000 customers daily...
shopping mall stands today, and said the area that the constructing company appointed (and where the station was eventually built) was too far from the city – at that time it was indeed about 2,5 kilometres away and the cost of transporting goods from the city to the station was too high for local merchants. Because of the disagreement the local government didn't support the building of the railway lines, and on May 24, 1859 the newly built station was opened without any opening ceremony. The station was simply called "Miskolc Railway Station" then; it got its current name in 1959.
In 1860 Miskolc was connected by railway to Košice
Košice
Košice is a city in eastern Slovakia. It is situated on the river Hornád at the eastern reaches of the Slovak Ore Mountains, near the border with Hungary...
(then called Kassa, it was the other leading city of Northern Hungary and in many ways a rival of Miskolc), in 1870 the Miskolc-Pest
Pest (city)
Pest is the eastern, mostly flat part of Budapest, Hungary, comprising about two thirds of the city's territory. It is divided from Buda, the other part of Budapest, by the Danube River. Among its most notable parts are the Inner City, including the Hungarian Parliament, Heroes' Square and...
line was ready, and in 1871 the Gömör line was built.
On June 2, 1944 the US Air Force bombed the station as a part of Operation Frantic Joe. Many bombs fell on the city centre instead, claiming 206 lives (420 were wounded).
The building
The station building that stands today was designed by Ferenc PfaffFerenc Pfaff
Ferenc Pfaff was a famous Hungarian architect and academic.-Career:Pfaff received his degree in 1880 after studying under Imre Steindl at the Jozsef Nador Technical University in Budapest...
and was built in 1901 in eclectic style
Eclecticism in art
Eclecticism is a kind of mixed style in the fine arts: "the borrowing of a variety of styles from different sources and combining them" . Significantly, Eclecticism hardly ever constituted a specific style in art: it is characterized by the fact that it was not a particular style...
. It is a listed historic building and was restored recently, in 1999. It was modernized in 2003.
During the construction of the building important archaeological findings were made, indicating a Celt
Celt
The Celts were a diverse group of tribal societies in Iron Age and Roman-era Europe who spoke Celtic languages.The earliest archaeological culture commonly accepted as Celtic, or rather Proto-Celtic, was the central European Hallstatt culture , named for the rich grave finds in Hallstatt, Austria....
ic presence in the area.
Kandó Kálmán square
The square where the station stands is one of the most important traffic hubs of Miskolc. Both of the Miskolc tram linesTrams in Miskolc
The Miskolc tramway network is an important part of the public transport network serving Miskolc, Hungary.In operation since 1897, the network presently has two lines.-History:...
and several bus lines (1, 1A, 101, 17, 21, 23, 31) of MVK ZRt.
MVK Zrt.
MVK Zrt. is the name of the transport company of the city of Miskolc, Hungary. Unlike the transport companies of many other cities, MVK Zrt...
have their terminus here. The square is named in honor of Kálmán Kandó
Kálmán Kandó
Kálmán Kandó de Egerfarmos et Sztregova was a Hungarian engineer, and a pioneer in the development of electric railway traction.-Education:...
(1869–1931), a Hungarian engineer who developed components for electric locomotive
Electric locomotive
An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity from overhead lines, a third rail or an on-board energy storage device...
s.
Sources
- Fejezetek Miskolc történetéből. ed.: Bekes Dezső, Veres László. Miskolc, 1984. ISBN 963-03-1973-X pp.93-94
- Dobrossy István: Miskolc írásban és képekben. vol. I. Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Megyei Levéltár, Miskolc, 2006. ISBN 963-9311-49-9 pp.79-81
