Teli
Encyclopedia
Teli is a business caste
Caste
Caste is an elaborate and complex social system that combines elements of endogamy, occupation, culture, social class, tribal affiliation and political power. It should not be confused with race or social class, e.g. members of different castes in one society may belong to the same race, as in India...

 of oil pressers in India and Pakistan. Members may be either Hindu or Muslim; Muslim Teli are called Roshandaar or Teli Malik.

The Jewish community of Maharashtra (called Bene Israel
Bene Israel
The Bene Israel are a group of Jews who migrated in the 19th century from villages in the Konkan area to the nearby Indian cities, primarily Mumbai, but also to Pune, and Ahmedabad. Prior to these waves of emigrations and to this day, the Bene Israel formed the largest sector of the subcontinent's...

) was also known to be a sub-group in the Teli case called Shenwar Teli meaning Saturday oil pressers for their Jewish custom of abstention from work on Shabbat
Shabbat
Shabbat is the seventh day of the Jewish week and a day of rest in Judaism. Shabbat is observed from a few minutes before sunset on Friday evening until a few minutes after when one would expect to be able to see three stars in the sky on Saturday night. The exact times, therefore, differ from...

.

Etymology

The word Teli comes from Tel, which means oil in Marathi
Marathi language
Marathi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Marathi people of western and central India. It is the official language of the state of Maharashtra. There are over 68 million fluent speakers worldwide. Marathi has the fourth largest number of native speakers in India and is the fifteenth most...

, Hindi
Hindi
Standard Hindi, or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi, also known as Manak Hindi , High Hindi, Nagari Hindi, and Literary Hindi, is a standardized and sanskritized register of the Hindustani language derived from the Khariboli dialect of Delhi...

, and Oriya
Oriya language
Oriya , officially Odia from November, 2011, is an Indian language, belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European language family. It is mainly spoken in the Indian states of Orissa and West Bengal...

 languages. The name Teli is given because of their profession of "making edible oil". In old times, these people had their small oil mills known as kolhu or ghana operated by oxen to make or extract edible oil from oil seeds like mustard
Mustard seed
Mustard seeds are the small round seeds of various mustard plants. The seeds are usually about 1 or 2 mm in diameter. Mustard seeds may be colored from yellowish white to black. They are important spices in many regional foods. The seeds can come from three different plants: black mustard , brown...

 and sesame
Sesame
Sesame is a flowering plant in the genus Sesamum. Numerous wild relatives occur in Africa and a smaller number in India. It is widely naturalized in tropical regions around the world and is cultivated for its edible seeds, which grow in pods....

.

Varna status

The Teli are generally considered to by of the Vaishya
Vaishya
Vaishya is one of the four varnas of the Hindu social order. According to Vedic tradition, this caste primarily comprises merchants, farmers, cattle-herders and artisans.-Duties of Vaishyas:...

 (merchant) varna in Hinduism, though possibly of a lower or "less-pure" status. Other sources, however, classify them with the Shudra
Shudra
Shudra is the fourth Varna, as prescribed in the Purusha Sukta of the Rig veda, which constitutes society into four varnas or Chaturvarna. The other three varnas are Brahmans - priests, Kshatriya - those with governing functions, Vaishya - agriculturalists, cattle rearers and traders...

 (cultivators), while others note that the Teli have attempted to avoid lower-classed activities and associations in an attempt to identify themselves as Vaishya.

A history of the Telis written by the Secretary of the Teli Society claimed a Vaishya origin.

In Bengal, the Teli would be reckoned as Vaishya, along with other traders and bankers such as the Suvarnabanik, Gandhabanik
Gandhabanik
Gandhabaniks are a Bengali Hindu trading caste, who as their caste name suggests, traditionally used to trade in perfumes, incense and exotic spices. Chinese traveller Fa Hien referred to the Gandhabaniks as the Hindu businessmen of India. The Gandhabaniks trace their lineage to Chand Sadagar and...

, Saha
Saha
Saha may refer to:*Saha ionization equation, relating the densities of atoms, ions, and electrons in a plasma*Saha Airlines*Saha-gu, a district of the city of Busan, South Korea**Saha Station, a station in Saha-gu on the Busan Subway Line 1...

, had not the Vaishya varna disappeared there.

In Rajasthan, the Teli claim Kshatriya
Kshatriya
*For the Bollywood film of the same name see Kshatriya Kshatriya or Kashtriya, meaning warrior, is one of the four varnas in Hinduism...

 (warrior) status, though their neighbors recognise them as Vaishya
Vaishya
Vaishya is one of the four varnas of the Hindu social order. According to Vedic tradition, this caste primarily comprises merchants, farmers, cattle-herders and artisans.-Duties of Vaishyas:...

 (merchants).

Distribution

Telis also called themselves Sahu Vaishyas. Telis are found throughout India. Hindu Teli are called Teli Sahu and Muslim Teli are called Teli Malik.

In north Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Maharashtra is a state located in India. It is the second most populous after Uttar Pradesh and third largest state by area in India...

, most of them hide their family name and suffix Chaudhari as their surname
Surname
A surname is a name added to a given name and is part of a personal name. In many cases, a surname is a family name. Many dictionaries define "surname" as a synonym of "family name"...

.

In Haryana some Telis who have different configurations of Rajputs and Jats and others who had adopted this profession upon conversion to Islam during different periods. The Malik Muslim Teli association was established in 1991 to work for their welfare. The blood line of the Teli tribes found in the Sialkot
Sialkot
Sialkot is a city in Pakistan situated in the north-east of the Punjab province at the foothills of snow-covered peaks of Kashmir near the Chenab river. It is the capital of Sialkot District. The city is about north-west of Lahore and only a few kilometers from Indian-controlled Jammu.The...

, Lahore
Lahore
Lahore is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and the second largest city in the country. With a rich and fabulous history dating back to over a thousand years ago, Lahore is no doubt Pakistan's cultural capital. One of the most densely populated cities in the world, Lahore remains a...

 and Gujranwala
Gujranwala
Gujranwala is a industrial city in the north-east of the Punjab province. It is the sixth largest city in Pakistan with a population of approximately 2,661,360 as on 24 June 2011...

 regions of Pakistan shows this fact. In these areas they are called Jungla and use Malik as a surname. In Haryana some Rajput families also adopted the Teli profession following the War of Indian Independence in 1857 to avoid persecution by the British.

In South India, Telugu-speaking Telis are called as Teli or Gandla. They have considerable population in Andhra Pradesh. They are differentiated as Deva Gandla, Setty Gandla, Sajjana Gandla. There are six gotra
Gotra
In the Hindu society, the term Gotra broadly refers to people who are descendants in an unbroken male line from a common male ancestor. Panini defines gotra for grammatical purposes as apatyam pautraprabhrti gotram , which means "the word gotra denotes the progeny beginning with the son's son"...

s amonng them. They do not intermarry among the same gothras. Some Telis claim Kshatriya
Kshatriya
*For the Bollywood film of the same name see Kshatriya Kshatriya or Kashtriya, meaning warrior, is one of the four varnas in Hinduism...

 status and call themselves Reddy Gangla.

In Karnataka, Kannada-speaking Telis are called as Ganiga or Goud; Somakshatriya Ganigas and some Lingayat Ganigas (who worship Shiva) are also found there.

In Tamil Nadu, Telis are called Vaniya Chettiyar, Gandla Chetty, Ganiga Chetty, Chekkalar. Chekku denotes "oil press" in Tamil.

In Kerala, a Teli is often called Chettiar.

Telis are spread all over India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Maldives and Nepal.

lots of surname exist in teli like sapdhare, marghade, katkar, chopde, warkari.

Sub-divisions

This caste is also subdivided into multiple Teli subcastes such as:
  • Tilwan Teli
  • Shenwar Teli
  • Rathod Teli
  • Savji teli(i.e.Shirbhate,Gulhane,etc.)
  • Malik Teli
  • Tirmal teli
  • Ek baili/Erandel teli
  • Don baili teli
  • Sahu Teli
  • Vaddhar Teli
  • Taheeme Teli
  • Jairat teli
  • Moodi
  • kokani teli
  • Malik shahu teli
  • Padmvanshi Teli

Teli Savji

These mostly found in maharashtra vidarbha.
Their surnames are as Jirapure,Mogarkar,Shirbhat,Ajmire, Bijve, Katkar, Take Bhurane,Kale,Gulhane,Shahade,Shinde,Jaysingpure,Dehankar,Gawali, Kirve, Tapkire, Pote, Shelar, Dalvi, Kardile,Mahendre-Patil, kshirsagar, Waddettivar, Potdukhe,gulwade,shinde,dhole,shrirao,hande as on.They are widely spread in akola, Yavatmal,Amaravati,Wardha& Nagpur also in various placeses in Maharashtra.

Teli Chauhan

Teli Chauhan are seen in Bhiwani, Hissar (Hisar) and other districts of Haryana, Rajasthan and after grand migration of 1947 in Pakistani East Southern Punjab. This fact, represents that Teli is not something like hereditary caste or bloodline. It was just a professional organization of any family or caste who adopted oil pressing profession, especially during the time East India Company and The Great Freedom Massacre of 1857, when oil-pressing was said to have become a profitable profession and business.

Teli Chauhans are found in Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Sahiwal Kashmir and Sialkot, Gujranwal, Lahore district of Western Punjab.
Official site for tel:- www.telisahusamaj.com

Don Baili Teli

These people used to work in oil mills with two oxen (bail) and it was symbol of richness. This teli samaj mostly found in maharashtra vidarbha. they speak marathi language
Marathi language
Marathi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Marathi people of western and central India. It is the official language of the state of Maharashtra. There are over 68 million fluent speakers worldwide. Marathi has the fourth largest number of native speakers in India and is the fifteenth most...

 which is zadi boli in east. Their surnames are as Daigavane, Bhure,Ghate,Talwekar, Mude, Mute, Kamdi, Bele, Gabhane, Jibhakate,Yenurkar, Lohbare, Moharkar, Ambulkar, Lanjewar, Pardhi, Uparkar, Wadibhasme, Gulhane, Lichade, Johari, Potbhare, Dhurve, Borkar, Talwekar, Wanjari, Bondre, Bawankule, Bhilawe, Satpute, Jaysingpure, Bhongade, Patil, Deshmukh,Wadkar, Sarode, Golhar, Ghatode, Rode, Fande, Rajankar, Kamdi,Dhadwe in Nanded District of maharashtra, Ghandhare,Dandare,Gaidhane, Gaidhani, Bhise, Vaghe, Diwte, Ghuguskar, Balbuddhe, Kawle, Padole,Dhage, Karemore, Sathwane, Bisne, Giradkar, Shende, Itankar, Charde, Dongre, Sakharkar, Pise, Waghamare,Kalambe, Dhoble, Makde, Chopkar, Nimkar, Bramhe, Hatwar, Manapure, Bhiogade, Mehar, Sakhure, Sakharkar, Sakharwade,Tighare, Dhanjode, Moharkar, Giripunje, Badwaik, Sawarbandhe, Kumbhalkar, Vaidya, Tibule, Navkhare, Zade, Chamat, Tambulkar, Hajare, Kirpan, Telmasare, Ikhar, Darwate, Bhajipale, Samrit, Maske, Bawankule, Divte, Malewar, Katekhye, Chindalore, Katore, Dhobre, Turaskar, Madankar, Bodhankar, Hagwane, Thombare, Rokade, Bagwaik, Lende, Aakare, Bawankar, Selokar, Bhole, Bawane, Shinde, Tilgule, Motghare, Yenurkar, Sawarkar, Dokarimare, kularkar, Bhugaonkar, Hiradkar, Kolhe, Bodakhe, Thote,
Masurkar, Fating, waghulkar, Ubale in Hingoli District of maharashtra
kre,Chakole as on. They are widely spread in Amaravati, Akola, Yavatmal, Chandrapur, Bhandara, Gondiya, Wardha, Washim, Gadchiroli & Nagpur also Pandurna (MP), ausar (MP)& Bhopal (MP), balaghat and betul, rajnandgaon,raipur&durg

Teli Rathore/Rathod

-AKA- Kshatriya Teli - Another Teli group who chose profession of extracting oil from peanuts, soybeans for lightening and other purpose at the time of wars and moved from Rajasthan's District Ajmer, Bhilwara, Kota, Jhalawar,Jodhpur, Pali, Swai Madhopur, Jaipur to M.P, U.P, Gujarat, Punjab and other states. They are widely spread in MP in Indore, Neemuch, Mandsaur, Dhar, Ujjain, Ratlam, Jhabua, Alirajpur,Gwalior, Dewas, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra in Akola, Yavatmal, Amaravati, Nagpur and in Histroric Kannauj region of Uttar Pradesh(i.e., Knnauj,Kanpur,Mainpuri,Etawah). There Surnames are Dhawale,Mehesare, Kurhekar,Rathore,Gotmare,Nalat,Isokar,Khodake,Dhore,Lendhe,Makode,Chopade,Gomase,Iche,Tikhile,Zaparde,Wankhade,Bhirad,Bore,Misurkar,etc...

They are actually debased Rathod Rajputs. They claim to be the descendants of Rathods of Kannauj. They separated from the main stream Rajputs after Ghori's invasion of India. Instead of calling themselves "Teli" they simply call themselves Rathores/Rathods. They consider themselves to be of true Rathore Rajput lineage.They are were initially Ksatriyas who accepted oil extracting as their profession during distress.

In some areas the Rathor gave up the name Teli entirely, and claimed Rajput
Rajput
A Rajput is a member of one of the patrilineal clans of western, central, northern India and in some parts of Pakistan. Rajputs are descendants of one of the major ruling warrior classes in the Indian subcontinent, particularly North India...

 status. They claimed either to come from Maihar State
Maihar State
Maihar State was a princely state in India. The state was founded in 1778 by Rajputs of the Kachwaha clan, who were granted land by the ruler of the nearby state of Orchha. The state became a princely state of British India in the early 19th century, and was administered as part of Bundelkhand...

, and to have received the title of Mahato (from mahat, "great") from the Raja there. Alternately, some claimed to be "debased" Rathor Rajputs. These claim to have initially been Kshatriyas who took up the profession of oil-presser during times of hardship.

Padmvanshi Teli

As knows Rajsthan's Padmvanshi Teli, Mostly located in Maharashtra and MP (Jalgaon, Aurangabad, Indore, Ujjain, Ratlam, Jhabua Sendwa etc.)
The Padmvandhi Teli are same cultural to Rathod Teli as mentioned above but Rathod Teli located widely. There last names are Ajmere, Asarwal, Aagwal, Bindwal, Chudhari, Dhakare, Lahiwal, Mahor, Mangrunde, Mangrule, Mavre, Mandavare, Nagare, Nainav, Perdeshi, Rathod, Surale, Sartale, Teli, Zalwar, And More....

Other Teli

There are many gotras that are a part of Muslim teli community in Pakistan. They subdivide in ikasna and doasna meaning having one profession and two professions respectively. other profession adopted my Muslim teli is of cotton ginning to make comforters (blankets filled with cotton) they are therefore known as doasna. All gotras in Muslim teli community are doasna teli.

The Indian Jews
Indian Jews
The history of the Jews in India reaches back to ancient times.Indian Jews are a religious minority of India. Judaism was one of the first foreign religions to arrive in India in recorded history. The better-established ancient communities have assimilated a large number of local traditions through...

 of Maharashtra were nicknamed the shanwar teli ("Saturday oil-pressers") by the local population as they abstained from work on Saturdays which is Judaism
Judaism
Judaism ) is the "religion, philosophy, and way of life" of the Jewish people...

's Shabbat
Shabbat
Shabbat is the seventh day of the Jewish week and a day of rest in Judaism. Shabbat is observed from a few minutes before sunset on Friday evening until a few minutes after when one would expect to be able to see three stars in the sky on Saturday night. The exact times, therefore, differ from...

.

Notable Telis

  • Shri Santaji Jagnade (1624–1688), a prominent Marathi Sant.
  • Shri Jevan Lal Sao (21 April 1929), Mahasamund, 1st member of M.P Public Service Commission.
  • Chandrashekhar Sahu, Minister of Agriculture Chhattisgarh
  • Shri Chandu Lal Sahu, Member of Lok Sabha Mahasamund
  • Shri Bhupendra Sahu, 1st IPS from Chhattisgarh
  • Kumari Ranu Sahu, 1st Female IAS from Chhattisgarh, Panduka
  • Jaishankar Prasad
    Jaishankar Prasad
    Jaishankar Prasad , one of the most famous figures in modern Hindi literature as well as Hindi theatre.- Biography :...

     (January 30, 1889 – January 14, 1937), one of the most famous figures in modern Hindi literature.
  • Meghnad Saha
    Meghnad Saha
    Meghnad Saha FRS was an Indian astrophysicist best known for his development of the Saha equation, used to describe chemical and physical conditions in stars.-Early life:...

    (6 October 1893 – 16 February 1956) an Indian astrophysicist best known for his development of the Saha equation, used to describe chemical and physical conditions in stars.
  • Shri Narendra Modi
    Narendra Modi
    Narendra Damodardas Modi is the current Chief Minister of the Indian state of Gujarat.He was born in a middle class family in Vadnagar; and is a member of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh since childhood, as also an active politician since early in life. He holds a masters degree in political...

    , Chief Minister of Gujrat
  • Shri Mohan Lal Rathore, Ex M.L.A. Jhalrapatan, Rajasthan
  • Shri Kamal Kishore Son, 1st IAS Officer from Chhattisgarh.
  • Shri Jagat Ram Dewan,(1866–1976) 1st Deputy Collector of Sahu Samaj.
  • Shri Dhanendra Sahu, 1st President, Pradesh Congress Committee Chhattisgarh.
  • Shri Tarachand Sahu, 1st Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha from M.P-C.G.
  • Shri Lakhan Lal Sahu (Sonvarsha), Director Governing Council, National Co-operative Union of India
  • Shri Pandurang Banarase,Founder of first Indian industry in Europe (1948)
  • Ajibai Banarase,London based Entrepreneur(died 1983),President Maharastra Mandal London (1960 to 1973),build first Hindu temple in London (1965)
  • Abhay Namdeorao Mude, Highway Design Engineer Maharashtra
    Maharashtra
    Maharashtra is a state located in India. It is the second most populous after Uttar Pradesh and third largest state by area in India...

  • Kesharkaku Khirsagar, Former Member of Parliament from Beed Maharashtra
    Maharashtra
    Maharashtra is a state located in India. It is the second most populous after Uttar Pradesh and third largest state by area in India...

  • Venkatesh Prasad
    Venkatesh Prasad
    Bapu Krishnarao Venkatesh Prasad is a former Indian cricketer. He is the bowling coach for Royal Challengers Bangalore in the Indian Premier League, having formerly performed the same role for the Indian cricket team from 2007 to 2009. He made his debut in 1996...

    , Former Indian cricketer
    Cricketer
    A cricketer is a person who plays the sport of cricket. Official and long-established cricket publications prefer the traditional word "cricketer" over the rarely used term "cricket player"....

  • T.C.Choudhary, Chartered Accountant 1st CA of India from Teli Community, Bhilwara
  • Ishwar Lal Sahu, Advocate, Former Chairman of Kota City
  • Ram Narain Sahu, Member of Parliament, Rajya sabha
  • Shri. Ganesh Mahadik, PF ESIC Executive Parel Mumbai
  • Shri. Pramod Shende,Wardha, X-Deputy Speaker of Maharashtra

Pakistan

  • Sardar M. Yasin Malik, Chairman of Pakistan State Oil
    Pakistan State Oil
    Pakistan State Oil is the oil market leader in Pakistan. Its well established infrastructure, built at par with international standards, represents 82% of country’s storage...

  • Siraj Kassam Teli
    Siraj Kassam Teli
    Siraj Kassam Teli is a distinguished Pakistani industrialist. He is the former president of the Karachi Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the head of the chamber's leading group which has maintained its hold for the past several years. Siraj Kassam Teli is Chairman of MBG group patronizing...

    , former President of Karachi Chamber of Commerce

Swāmi Nārāyan & the Telis

R.V. Russell wrote in "The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India", 1916

"In the Central Provinces a number of persons belong to it in Nimār, principally of the Teli caste. The Telis of Nimār are anxious to improve their social position, which is very low, and have probably joined the [Swāmi Nārāyan] sect on account of its liberal principles on the question of caste."
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