Tamim al-Dari
Encyclopedia
Tamim bin Aws al-Dari (died 661) was a companion
of the Islam
ic prophet Muhammad
.
and belonged to the Bani al-Dar—a clan of the Banu Lakhm
tribal confederation. His first contact with Muhammad was in 628 CE when he led a delegation of ten other Bani al-Dar members. Previously Muhammad granted Bani al-Dar a part of the revenues of conquered land after the Muslim
victory at the Battle of Khaybar
. Al-Dari confronted Muhammad to receive the revenues and after meeting him, al-Dari embraced Islam
and settled in Medina
.
After his conversion, al-Dari became an adviser to Muhammad, particularly on public worship. His advice included the introduction of oil lamp
s in mosque
s. In addition to being an adviser, he is traditionally considered to be the first narrator of Islamic religious stories. Many of his stories included ones on the end of the world, beast
s and the coming of the Antichrist
. Al-Dari's wife in Palestine had thought he was dead after disappearing to Medina and remarried. Al-Dari informed Muhammad that his wife remarried and before he died, Muhammad told al-Dari that whom she wanted to marry was her choice. It was not until Ali
became caliph
in 656 that his wife returned to him.
Prior to Muhammad's death, al-Dari was granted a large fief for control of Hebron
, Beit Einun
and the surrounding area, although at that time Palestine was still under Byzantine
control. The deed was written up by Ali
and when the caliph Umar
and his Rashidun army
conquered Palestine, al-Dari acquired the territory. Since, he had only one daughter and no sons, after al-Dari's death, the heirs of the Hebron fiefdom would be the descendants of his brother Nu'aim. Originally, al-Dari's role as the ruler of the fiefdom was to collect land taxes. He was forbidden to enslave any of the locals or sell their property. In 655 CE, al-Dari left Medina to reside in his native Palestine where he died in 661. According to tradition, he is buried in the town of Bayt Jibrin
(in the vicinity of Hebron), destroyed by Israel
in 1948.
Sahaba
In Islam, the ' were the companions, disciples, scribes and family of the Islamic prophet...
of the Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
ic prophet Muhammad
Muhammad
Muhammad |ligature]] at U+FDF4 ;Arabic pronunciation varies regionally; the first vowel ranges from ~~; the second and the last vowel: ~~~. There are dialects which have no stress. In Egypt, it is pronounced not in religious contexts...
.
Biography
Originally a priest Christian, al-Dari lived in southern PalestinePalestine
Palestine is a conventional name, among others, used to describe the geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River, and various adjoining lands....
and belonged to the Bani al-Dar—a clan of the Banu Lakhm
Lakhmids
The Lakhmids , Banu Lakhm , Muntherids , were a group of Arab Christians who lived in Southern Iraq, and made al-Hirah their capital in 266. Poets described it as a Paradise on earth, an Arab Poet described the city's pleasant climate and beauty "One day in al-Hirah is better than a year of...
tribal confederation. His first contact with Muhammad was in 628 CE when he led a delegation of ten other Bani al-Dar members. Previously Muhammad granted Bani al-Dar a part of the revenues of conquered land after the Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
victory at the Battle of Khaybar
Battle of Khaybar
The Battle of Khaybar was fought in the year 629 between Muhammad and his followers against the Jews living in the oasis of Khaybar, located from Medina in the north-western part of the Arabian peninsula, in modern-day Saudi Arabia....
. Al-Dari confronted Muhammad to receive the revenues and after meeting him, al-Dari embraced Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
and settled in Medina
Medina
Medina , or ; also transliterated as Madinah, or madinat al-nabi "the city of the prophet") is a city in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia, and serves as the capital of the Al Madinah Province. It is the second holiest city in Islam, and the burial place of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, and...
.
After his conversion, al-Dari became an adviser to Muhammad, particularly on public worship. His advice included the introduction of oil lamp
Mosque lamp
Mosque lamps of glass, enamelled and often with gilding, survive in considerable numbers from the Islamic art of the Middle Ages, especially the 13th and 14th centuries, with Cairo in Egypt and Aleppo and Damascus in Syria the most important centres of production...
s in mosque
Mosque
A mosque is a place of worship for followers of Islam. The word is likely to have entered the English language through French , from Portuguese , from Spanish , and from Berber , ultimately originating in — . The Arabic word masjid literally means a place of prostration...
s. In addition to being an adviser, he is traditionally considered to be the first narrator of Islamic religious stories. Many of his stories included ones on the end of the world, beast
Animal
Animals are a major group of multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom Animalia or Metazoa. Their body plan eventually becomes fixed as they develop, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on in their life. Most animals are motile, meaning they can move spontaneously and...
s and the coming of the Antichrist
Antichrist
The term or title antichrist, in Christian theology, refers to a leader who fulfills Biblical prophecies concerning an adversary of Christ, while resembling him in a deceptive manner...
. Al-Dari's wife in Palestine had thought he was dead after disappearing to Medina and remarried. Al-Dari informed Muhammad that his wife remarried and before he died, Muhammad told al-Dari that whom she wanted to marry was her choice. It was not until Ali
Ali
' |Ramaḍān]], 40 AH; approximately October 23, 598 or 600 or March 17, 599 – January 27, 661).His father's name was Abu Talib. Ali was also the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and ruled over the Islamic Caliphate from 656 to 661, and was the first male convert to Islam...
became caliph
Caliph
The Caliph is the head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the ruler of the Islamic Ummah, an Islamic community ruled by the Shari'ah. It is a transcribed version of the Arabic word which means "successor" or "representative"...
in 656 that his wife returned to him.
Prior to Muhammad's death, al-Dari was granted a large fief for control of Hebron
Hebron
Hebron , is located in the southern West Bank, south of Jerusalem. Nestled in the Judean Mountains, it lies 930 meters above sea level. It is the largest city in the West Bank and home to around 165,000 Palestinians, and over 500 Jewish settlers concentrated in and around the old quarter...
, Beit Einun
Beit Einun
Beit Einun or Bayt 'Anun is a Palestinian village in the Hebron Governorate, located five kilometers northeast of Hebron in the southern West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the village had a population of 1,809 inhabitants in 2007.-History:Beit Einun is the modern...
and the surrounding area, although at that time Palestine was still under Byzantine
Byzantine
Byzantine usually refers to the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages.Byzantine may also refer to:* A citizen of the Byzantine Empire, or native Greek during the Middle Ages...
control. The deed was written up by Ali
Ali
' |Ramaḍān]], 40 AH; approximately October 23, 598 or 600 or March 17, 599 – January 27, 661).His father's name was Abu Talib. Ali was also the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and ruled over the Islamic Caliphate from 656 to 661, and was the first male convert to Islam...
and when the caliph Umar
Umar
`Umar ibn al-Khattāb c. 2 November , was a leading companion and adviser to the Islamic prophet Muhammad who later became the second Muslim Caliph after Muhammad's death....
and his Rashidun army
Rashidun army
The Rashidun Caliphate Army or Rashidun army was the primary military body of the Rashidun Caliphate's armed forces during the Muslim conquests of the 7th century, serving alongside the Rashidun Navy...
conquered Palestine, al-Dari acquired the territory. Since, he had only one daughter and no sons, after al-Dari's death, the heirs of the Hebron fiefdom would be the descendants of his brother Nu'aim. Originally, al-Dari's role as the ruler of the fiefdom was to collect land taxes. He was forbidden to enslave any of the locals or sell their property. In 655 CE, al-Dari left Medina to reside in his native Palestine where he died in 661. According to tradition, he is buried in the town of Bayt Jibrin
Bayt Jibrin
Bayt Jibrin was a Palestinian Arab village located northwest of the city of Hebron. The village had a total land area of 56,185 dunams or , of which were built-up while the rest remained farmland.The early inhabitants of Bayt Jibrin are the Canaanites...
(in the vicinity of Hebron), destroyed by Israel
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
in 1948.