Supreme Soviet of Russia
Encyclopedia
The Supreme Soviet
of the Russian SFSR , later Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation
was the supreme government institution of the Russian SFSR in 1938–1990; in 1990–1993 it was a permanent parliament
, elected by the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation.
The Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR was established as similar structure as the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in 1938, instead of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee
(VTsIK) as the highest organ of power of Russia.
In the 1940s
, the Supreme Soviet Presidium and the Council of Ministers of the Russian SFSR were located in the former mansion of counts Ostermanov (str Delegatskaya, 3), which was later in 1991 given to a museum. The sessions were held in Grand Kremlin Palace
. In 1981 the Supreme Soviet was moved to a specially constructed building on Krasnopresnenskaya embankment, The House of Soviets
.
leader of the Russian Federation, the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR
, exercised only nominal powers. In contrast to other Soviet republics of the Soviet Union, the Russian SFSR did not have its own Communist Party and did not have its own first secretaries (which in other republics are relatively independent of power) until 1990.
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR in 1938–1990
From 1990–1993 the Supreme Soviet consisted of 252 deputies in the two equal chambers—the Soviet of the Republic (Chairman: Ramazan Abdulatipov
) and the Soviet of Nationalities (Chairman: Veniamin Sokolov). However, the bicameral Supreme Soviet was nominal, because the major decisions were adopted as joint resolution
s and concurrent resolution
s of all chambers; many of legislative committees were shared between these chambers. The Supreme Soviet of Russia ceased to exist after the events of September–October 1993.
Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR/Federation in 1990-1993
First Deputy Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR/Federation in 1990-1993
Supreme Soviet
The Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union was the Supreme Soviet in the Soviet Union and the only one with the power to pass constitutional amendments...
of the Russian SFSR , later Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
was the supreme government institution of the Russian SFSR in 1938–1990; in 1990–1993 it was a permanent parliament
Parliament
A parliament is a legislature, especially in those countries whose system of government is based on the Westminster system modeled after that of the United Kingdom. The name is derived from the French , the action of parler : a parlement is a discussion. The term came to mean a meeting at which...
, elected by the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation.
The Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR was established as similar structure as the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in 1938, instead of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee
All-Russian Central Executive Committee
All-Russian Central Executive Committee , was the highest legislative, administrative, and revising body of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Although the All-Russian Congress of Soviets had supreme authority, in periods between its sessions its powers were passed to VTsIK...
(VTsIK) as the highest organ of power of Russia.
In the 1940s
1940s
File:1940s decade montage.png|Above title bar: events which happened during World War II : From left to right: Troops in an LCVP landing craft approaching "Omaha" Beach on "D-Day"; Adolf Hitler visits Paris, soon after the Battle of France; The Holocaust occurred during the war as Nazi Germany...
, the Supreme Soviet Presidium and the Council of Ministers of the Russian SFSR were located in the former mansion of counts Ostermanov (str Delegatskaya, 3), which was later in 1991 given to a museum. The sessions were held in Grand Kremlin Palace
Grand Kremlin Palace
The Grand Kremlin Palace , also translated Great Kremlin Palace, was built from 1837 to 1849 in Moscow, Russia on the site of the estate of the Grand Princes, which had been established in the 14th century on Borovitsky Hill...
. In 1981 the Supreme Soviet was moved to a specially constructed building on Krasnopresnenskaya embankment, The House of Soviets
White House, Moscow
The White House , also known as the Russian White House, is a government building in Moscow. It stands on Krasnopresnenskaya embankment. Construction started in 1965 and ended in 1981. Originally called The House of Soviets, it was designed by the architects Dmitry Chechulin and P. Shteller...
.
1938–1990
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR for election of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet- Andrei ZhdanovAndrei ZhdanovAndrei Alexandrovich Zhdanov was a Soviet politician.-Life:Zhdanov enlisted with the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1915 and was promoted through the party ranks, becoming the All-Union Communist Party manager in Leningrad after the assassination of Sergei Kirov in 1934...
(15–19 July 1938)
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR
Prior to 1990, de jureDe jure
De jure is an expression that means "concerning law", as contrasted with de facto, which means "concerning fact".De jure = 'Legally', De facto = 'In fact'....
leader of the Russian Federation, the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR
The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, led by a chairman, was the de jure leader office of the Russian SFSR between 1938 and 1990...
, exercised only nominal powers. In contrast to other Soviet republics of the Soviet Union, the Russian SFSR did not have its own Communist Party and did not have its own first secretaries (which in other republics are relatively independent of power) until 1990.
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR
| Name | Period |
|---|---|
| Alexei Badaev | 19 July 1938–4 March 1944 |
| Ivan Vlasov (Acting Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet) | 9 April 1943–4 March 1944 |
| Nikolay Shvernik Nikolay Shvernik Nikolay Mikhailovich Shvernik was a Russian politician, who was the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR from March 19, 1946 until March 15, 1953... |
4 March 1944–25 June 1946 |
| Ivan Vlasov | 25 June 1946–7 July 1950 |
| Mikhail Tarasov | 7 July 1950–16 April 1959 |
| Nikolai Ignatov | 16 April–26 November 1959 |
| Nikolai Organov | 26 November 1959–20 December 1962 |
| Nikolai Ignatov | 20 December 1962–14 November 1966) |
| The position was vacant (Duties of Vice-Chairman: Timofey Akhazov and Pyotr Sysoyev) | 14 November-23 December 1966 |
| Mikhail Yasnov Mikhail Yasnov Mikhail Alekseyevich Yasnov was a Soviet politician. He was Chairman of Moscow City Executive Committee and head of Moscow in 1950–1956.In 1956–1957 he was the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Russian SFSR... |
23 December 1966–26 March 1985 |
| Vladimir Orlov | 26 March 1985–3 October 1988 |
| Vitaly Vorotnikov Vitaly Vorotnikov Vitaly Ivanovich Vorotnikov was a Soviet-Russian statesman who was from 1983 to 1988 the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR, and from 1988 to 1990 Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR.-References:... |
3 October 1988–29 May 1990 |
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR in 1938–1990
| Name | Period |
|---|---|
| Andrei Zhdanov Andrei Zhdanov Andrei Alexandrovich Zhdanov was a Soviet politician.-Life:Zhdanov enlisted with the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1915 and was promoted through the party ranks, becoming the All-Union Communist Party manager in Leningrad after the assassination of Sergei Kirov in 1934... |
15 July 1938–20 June 1947 |
| Mikhail Tarasov | 20 June 1947–14 March 1951 |
| Leonid Solov'ev | 14 March 1951–23 March 1955 |
| Ivan Goroshkin | 23 March 1955–15 April 1959 |
| Vasily Prokhorov | 15 April 1959–4 April 1963 |
| Vasily Krestyaninov | 4 April 1963–11 April 1967 |
| Mikhail Millionshchikov | 11 April 1967–27 May 1973 |
| Vladimir Kotelnikov Vladimir Kotelnikov Vladimir Aleksandrovich Kotelnikov was an information theory and radar astronomy pioneer from the Soviet Union... |
30 July 1973–25 March 1980 |
| Nikolai Gribachev | 25 March 1980–16 May 1990 |
1990–1993
Following the adoption of amendments to the Constitution of the Russian SFSR in October 1989, the office of Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet was removed, and the leadership of the Supreme Soviet in May 1990 passed directly to the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR.From 1990–1993 the Supreme Soviet consisted of 252 deputies in the two equal chambers—the Soviet of the Republic (Chairman: Ramazan Abdulatipov
Ramazan Abdulatipov
Ramazan Gadzhimuradovich Abdulatipov is a Russian politician of Dagestani heritage and is currently the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Russian Federation to the Republic of Tajikistan.1990–1993 he was Chairman of the Council of Nationalities, a chamber of...
) and the Soviet of Nationalities (Chairman: Veniamin Sokolov). However, the bicameral Supreme Soviet was nominal, because the major decisions were adopted as joint resolution
Joint resolution
In the United States Congress, a joint resolution is a legislative measure that requires approval by the Senate and the House and is presented to the President for his/her approval or disapproval, in exactly the same case as a bill....
s and concurrent resolution
Concurrent resolution
A concurrent resolution is a resolution adopted by both houses of a bicameral legislature that lacks the force of law and does not require the approval of the chief executive.-United States Congress:...
s of all chambers; many of legislative committees were shared between these chambers. The Supreme Soviet of Russia ceased to exist after the events of September–October 1993.
Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR/Federation in 1990-1993
| Name | Period |
|---|---|
| Boris Yeltsin Boris Yeltsin Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin was the first President of the Russian Federation, serving from 1991 to 1999.Originally a supporter of Mikhail Gorbachev, Yeltsin emerged under the perestroika reforms as one of Gorbachev's most powerful political opponents. On 29 May 1990 he was elected the chairman of... |
29 May 1990–10 July 1991 |
| Ruslan Khasbulatov Ruslan Khasbulatov Ruslan Imranovich Khasbulatov is a Russian economist and politician of Chechen descent who played a central role in the events leading to the 1993 constitutional crisis in the Russian Federation.-Early life:... (acting) |
10 July 1991-29 October 1991 |
| Ruslan Khasbulatov Ruslan Khasbulatov Ruslan Imranovich Khasbulatov is a Russian economist and politician of Chechen descent who played a central role in the events leading to the 1993 constitutional crisis in the Russian Federation.-Early life:... |
29 October 1991–4 October 1993 |
First Deputy Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR/Federation in 1990-1993
| Name | Period |
|---|---|
| Ruslan Khasbulatov Ruslan Khasbulatov Ruslan Imranovich Khasbulatov is a Russian economist and politician of Chechen descent who played a central role in the events leading to the 1993 constitutional crisis in the Russian Federation.-Early life:... |
29 May 1990-10 July 1991 |
| Sergey Filatov | 1991-January 1993 |
| Yuri Voronin | January 1993-October 1993 |
See also
- 1993 Russian constitutional crisis
- Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist RepublicDeclaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist RepublicThe Declaration on State Sovereignty of the RSFSR was a political act of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, then part of the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of constitutional reform in Russia...
- Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
External links
- highest governmental authorities of the Russian SFSR
- Electoral law of 1946
- Electoral law of 1978
- Regulations of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR (1990)
- Proposed electoral law of 1992 (alongside with main bill «On the basis of electoral procedure»)
- Chapter 15 of the 1993 "parliamentary" project of the Russian Constiution; related to Supreme Soviet, referenda and international treaties