Sultanate of Banjar
Encyclopedia
Sultanate of Banjar was a sultanate that is now located at South Kalimantan
Province. At first, the capital of the sultanate was Banjarmasin
, but then moved to Martapura
.
Sultanate Banjar begun to its glory on the first decades of the 17th century with pepper as a trade commodity. Practically the southwest, southeast, and eastern Kalimantan island paid tribute at the Kingdom of Banjarmasin. Before its glory, the Sultanate of Banjar pay tribute to the Sultanate of Demak
, but after Sultanate of Demak was ended and Sultanate of Pajang as the new power in Java, the Sultanate of Banjar had no longer to send a tribute to Java
.
Sultan Agung from Mataram Sultanate
1613-1646 ruled north Java coast ports such as Jepara
, Gresik, Tuban
, Madura
and Surabaya
. in 1622 Mataram planned to colonize all kingdoms on the southwest, south and southeast part of Kalimantan. This plan made Banjar Sultanated would attack Mataram. But because of the low logistics, the plan was canceled.
In the 18th century Prince Tamjidullah I successfully transferred power to his dynasty and set Prince Nata Dilaga as the first Sultan with Panembahan Kaharudin Khalilullah. Prince Nata Dilaga who became the first king of the dynasty Tamjidullah I, in the day of his power, he called himself Susuhunan Nata Alam in 1772. Son of Sultan Muhammad Aliuddin Aminullah named Prince Amir, or a grandson of Sultan Hamidullah, fled to the Pasir, and requested the help to his uncle named Arung Tarawe (and Ratu Dewi). Prince Amir then returned and attacked the Sultanate of Banjar with a big Bugis people forces in 1757, and tried to retake the throne of Susuhunan Nata Alam. Becaused he feared losing the throne and fall of the kingdom under Bugis peoples, Susuhunan Nata Alam came and requested the help to VOC
. VOC send Captain Hoffman with his armies and they finally defeated the Bugis forces. Prince Amir flee back to Pasir. After a long time, he tried to meet the Barito Banjar nobles. Nobles in Barito didn't like VOC. In this second battle, Prince Amir was arrested and exiled to Sri Lanka
in 1787. In 1826 the agreement was held back between the Dutch East Indies and Adam Sultan, based on a previous agreement with the VOC, based on this agreement, the Dutch may interfere with setting a problem concerning the appointment of Putra Mahkota and Mangkubumi, which resulted in damage to indigenous kingdoms in this sector, which then made one cause of the War of Banjar.
In 1860, the Sultanate was abolished and replaced with government of Banjar regent that are based respectively in Martapura (Pangeran Jaya Pemenang) and in Amuntai (Raden Adipati Danu Raja). Regent position in this government area finally abolished in 1884.
South Kalimantan
South Kalimantan/South Borneo is one of the thirty-three Provinces of Indonesia and one of four Indonesian provinces in the Indonesian part of Borneo. The provincial capital is Banjarmasin...
Province. At first, the capital of the sultanate was Banjarmasin
Banjarmasin
Banjarmasin is the capital of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is located on a delta island near the junction of the Barito and Martapura rivers. As a result, Banjarmasin is sometimes called the "River City"...
, but then moved to Martapura
Martapura
Martapura is capital of the Banjar Regency divided into 3 subdistricts, such as Martapura, West Martapura, and East Martapura. This town is famous as santri city in Kalimantan, because of Darussalam pesantren. Originally this town was named Kayutangi which was the last capital of Sultanate of Banjar...
.
History
The founder of sultanate, Raden Samudra, has a royal family lineage of Kingdom of Negara Daha. He escaped from Kingdom of Daha to Barito, becaused his safety was in danger. He made a new kingdom at Banjarmasih. With help from Mangkubumi Aria Taranggana, Raden Samudra converted into Islam at September 24, 1526. He changed his name with Sultan Suriansyah.Sultanate Banjar begun to its glory on the first decades of the 17th century with pepper as a trade commodity. Practically the southwest, southeast, and eastern Kalimantan island paid tribute at the Kingdom of Banjarmasin. Before its glory, the Sultanate of Banjar pay tribute to the Sultanate of Demak
Sultanate of Demak
The Sultanate of Demak was Javanese Muslim state located on Java's north coast in Indonesia, at the site of the present day city of Demak. A port fief to the Majapahit kingdom thought to have been founded in the last quarter of the 15th century, it was influenced by Islam brought by Arab and...
, but after Sultanate of Demak was ended and Sultanate of Pajang as the new power in Java, the Sultanate of Banjar had no longer to send a tribute to Java
Java
Java is an island of Indonesia. With a population of 135 million , it is the world's most populous island, and one of the most densely populated regions in the world. It is home to 60% of Indonesia's population. The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is in west Java...
.
Sultan Agung from Mataram Sultanate
Mataram Sultanate
The Sultanate of Mataram was the last major independent Javanese empire on Java before the island was colonized by the Dutch. It was the dominant political force in interior Central Java from the late 16th century until the beginning of the 18th century....
1613-1646 ruled north Java coast ports such as Jepara
Jepara
Jepara is a small town in the province of Central Java, Indonesia.Jepara is on the north coast of Java, north-east of Semarang, not far from Mount Muria. It is also the main town of the district of Jepara, which has a population of about 1 million. Jepara is famous as the center of Javanese teak...
, Gresik, Tuban
Tuban
Tuban is a town located on the north coast of Java, in Tuban Regency, approximately 100 km west of Surabaya, the capital of East Java. Tuban is surrounded by Lamongan in the east, Bojonegoro in the south and Rembang, Central Java in the west....
, Madura
Madura
Madura is an Indonesian island off the northeastern coast of Java. The island comprises an area of approximately 4,250 km². Madura is administered as part of the East Java province. It is separated from Java by the narrow Strait of Madura.-History:...
and Surabaya
Surabaya
Surabaya is Indonesia's second-largest city with a population of over 2.7 million , and the capital of the province of East Java...
. in 1622 Mataram planned to colonize all kingdoms on the southwest, south and southeast part of Kalimantan. This plan made Banjar Sultanated would attack Mataram. But because of the low logistics, the plan was canceled.
In the 18th century Prince Tamjidullah I successfully transferred power to his dynasty and set Prince Nata Dilaga as the first Sultan with Panembahan Kaharudin Khalilullah. Prince Nata Dilaga who became the first king of the dynasty Tamjidullah I, in the day of his power, he called himself Susuhunan Nata Alam in 1772. Son of Sultan Muhammad Aliuddin Aminullah named Prince Amir, or a grandson of Sultan Hamidullah, fled to the Pasir, and requested the help to his uncle named Arung Tarawe (and Ratu Dewi). Prince Amir then returned and attacked the Sultanate of Banjar with a big Bugis people forces in 1757, and tried to retake the throne of Susuhunan Nata Alam. Becaused he feared losing the throne and fall of the kingdom under Bugis peoples, Susuhunan Nata Alam came and requested the help to VOC
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies was a Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia following World War II. It was formed from the nationalised colonies of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Netherlands government in 1800....
. VOC send Captain Hoffman with his armies and they finally defeated the Bugis forces. Prince Amir flee back to Pasir. After a long time, he tried to meet the Barito Banjar nobles. Nobles in Barito didn't like VOC. In this second battle, Prince Amir was arrested and exiled to Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the...
in 1787. In 1826 the agreement was held back between the Dutch East Indies and Adam Sultan, based on a previous agreement with the VOC, based on this agreement, the Dutch may interfere with setting a problem concerning the appointment of Putra Mahkota and Mangkubumi, which resulted in damage to indigenous kingdoms in this sector, which then made one cause of the War of Banjar.
In 1860, the Sultanate was abolished and replaced with government of Banjar regent that are based respectively in Martapura (Pangeran Jaya Pemenang) and in Amuntai (Raden Adipati Danu Raja). Regent position in this government area finally abolished in 1884.
List Sultans of Banjar
- 1520-1546 Sultan Suriansyah
- 1546-1570 Sultan Rahmatullah bin Sultan Suriansyah
- 1570-1595 Sultan Sultan Hidayatullah I bin Rahmatullah
- 1595-1638 Sultan Sultan Mustain Billah bin Sultan Hidayatullah I
- 1642-1647 Sultan Inayatullah bin Mustainbillah
- 1647-1660 Sultan Saidullah bin Sultan Inayatullah
- 1660-1663 Sultan Ri'ayatullah/Tahalidullah? bin Sultan Mustainbillah
- 1663-1679 Sultan Amrullah Bagus Kasuma bin Sultan Saidullah
- 1663-1679 Sultan Agung/Pangeran Suryanata II bin Sultan Inayatullah
- 1679-1700 Sultan Amrullah Bagus Kasuma bin Sultan Saidullah
- 1700-1717 Sultan Tahmidullah I/Sultan Surya Alam bin Sultan Tahlilullah/Sultan Amrullah
- 1717-1730 Panembahan Kasuma Dilaga bin Sultan Amrullah
- 1730-1734 Sultan Hamidullah/Sultan Ilhamidullah/Sultan Kuning bin Sultan Tahmidullah I
- 1734-1759 Sultan Tamjidullah I bin Sultan Tahlilullah
- 1759-1761 Sultan Muhammadillah/Muhammad Aliuddin Aminullah bin Sultan Il-Hamidullah/Sultan Kuning
- 1761-1801 Sultan Tahmidullah II/Sultan Nata bin Sultan Tamjidullah I
- 1801-1825 Sultan Sulaiman al-Mutamidullah/Sultan Sulaiman Saidullah II bin Tahmidullah II
- 1825-1857 Sultan Adam Al-Watsiq Billah bin Sultan Sulaiman al-Mutamidullah
- 1857-1859 Sultan Tamjidullah II al-Watsiqu Billah bin Pangeran Ratu Sultan Muda Abdur Rahman bin Sultan Adam
- 1859-1862 Sultan Hidayatullah Khalilullah bin Pangeran Ratu Sultan Muda Abdur Rahman bin Sultan Adam
- 1862 Pangeran Antasari bin Pangeran Mashud bin Sultan Amir bin Sultan Muhammad Aliuddin Aminullah
- 1862-1905 Sultan Muhammad Seman bin Pangeran Antasari Panembahan Amiruddin Khalifatul Mukminin