South Kalimantan
Encyclopedia
South Kalimantan/South Borneo is one of the thirty-three Provinces of Indonesia
and one of four Indonesian provinces in the Indonesian part of Borneo
. The provincial capital is Banjarmasin
. The province boundaries are with Makassar Strait
in the east, Central Kalimantan
in the west and north, the Java Sea
in the south and a small part of East Kalimantan
in the north.
The population of South Kalimantan was recorded at just over 3.625 million people at the 2010 Census. In 2008 the number of visitors to the province was 339,000 of which 21,000 were international visitors, mostly from China, Philippines and India.
The Meratus Mountains
are situated approximately along the south-western part to the north-eastern part of the province, dividing the flat area into two. Its highest peak is Gunung Besar with 1,892 metres.
The annual rainfall intensity is high, ranging between 2,000 and 3,700 mm. The mean number of rainy days per year is 120. Barito is the main river, used as a transportation route to the northern part of the province and to Central Kalimantan. Other smaller rivers are mostly springing from the Meratus Mountains.
The main natural resources in South Kalimantan are forest and coal. Coal deposits are found over almost the whole province, and in some places they are exploited commercially. Other minor resources are oil, gold, gem stones, quartz sand, phosphate and granite.
between the 3rd and 10th century, and are most closely related to Dayaks living near the Barito River
. Current day peoples of Madagascar largely have origins from this region.
Right after Indonesia's proclamation of independence (August 17, 1945), the government under Soekarno and Hatta
appointed Ir. H. Pangeran Muhammad Noor as the governor of the whole Kalimantan on August 18, 1945. The capital was Banjarmasin
. Later on, it was decided to divide the area into several provinces. On December 7, 1956, the province of South Kalimantan was formed out of these areas: Kotawaringin, Dayak Besar (Great Dayak), Daerah Banjar (Banjar Area), and the Federation of Southeast Kalimantan. Later on, Pasir (a part of Southeast Kalimantan Federation) was integrated to the province of East Kalimantan
instead. Furthermore, on 23rd of May 1957, Kotawaringin and Dayak Besar removed themselves from South Kalimantan to form their own province, Central Kalimantan
.
Provinces of Indonesia
The province is the highest tier of local government subnational entity in Indonesia. Each province has its own local government, headed by a governor, and has its own legislative body...
and one of four Indonesian provinces in the Indonesian part of Borneo
Borneo
Borneo is the third largest island in the world and is located north of Java Island, Indonesia, at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia....
. The provincial capital is Banjarmasin
Banjarmasin
Banjarmasin is the capital of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is located on a delta island near the junction of the Barito and Martapura rivers. As a result, Banjarmasin is sometimes called the "River City"...
. The province boundaries are with Makassar Strait
Makassar Strait
Makassar Strait is a strait between the islands of Borneo and Sulawesi in Indonesia. To the north it joins the Celebes Sea, while to the south it meets the Java Sea.The Mahakam River of Borneo empties into the strait....
in the east, Central Kalimantan
Central Kalimantan
Central Kalimantan is a province of Indonesia, one of four in Kalimantan - the Indonesian part of the island of Borneo. Its provincial capital is Palangka Raya.The province has a population of just over 2.2 million at the 2010 Census...
in the west and north, the Java Sea
Java Sea
The Java Sea is a large shallow sea on the Sunda Shelf. It was formed as sea levels rose at the end of the last ice age. The Java Sea lies between the Indonesian islands of Borneo to the north, Java to the south; Sumatra to the west, and Sulawesi to the east...
in the south and a small part of East Kalimantan
East Kalimantan
East Kalimantan is the second largest Indonesian province, located on the Kalimantan region on the east of Borneo island. The resource-rich province has two major cities, Samarinda and Balikpapan...
in the north.
The population of South Kalimantan was recorded at just over 3.625 million people at the 2010 Census. In 2008 the number of visitors to the province was 339,000 of which 21,000 were international visitors, mostly from China, Philippines and India.
Geography
About three quarters of the province is flat and less than 100m above sea level, while about 8,000 km² are swampland.The Meratus Mountains
Meratus Mountains
The Meratus Mountains is a mountain range in the Indonesian province of South Kalimantan, on Borneo island. The mountains run in a north-south arc that divides South Kalimantan province into two almost equal parts...
are situated approximately along the south-western part to the north-eastern part of the province, dividing the flat area into two. Its highest peak is Gunung Besar with 1,892 metres.
The annual rainfall intensity is high, ranging between 2,000 and 3,700 mm. The mean number of rainy days per year is 120. Barito is the main river, used as a transportation route to the northern part of the province and to Central Kalimantan. Other smaller rivers are mostly springing from the Meratus Mountains.
The main natural resources in South Kalimantan are forest and coal. Coal deposits are found over almost the whole province, and in some places they are exploited commercially. Other minor resources are oil, gold, gem stones, quartz sand, phosphate and granite.
Administration
There are 9 regencies and two cities in South Kalimantan as listed below with their capitals and populations:| Name | Capital | Population 2005 estimate | Population 2010 Census |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kota Baru Regency Kota Baru Regency Kotabaru Regency is one of regencies in the Indonesian province of South Kalimantan, the capital is Kota Baru . Motto: "Saijaan".... |
Kotabaru | ||
| Tanah Bumbu Regency Tanah Bumbu Regency Tanah Bumbu Regency is one of regencies in the Indonesian province of South Kalimantan. The capital is Batulicin.... |
Batulicin | ||
| Tanah Laut Regency Tanah Laut Regency Tanah Laut Regency is one of regencies in the Indonesian province of South Kalimantan, the capital is Pelaihari. Motto: "Tuntung Pandang" . Tuntung Pandang have meaning as "nice to see until forever"... |
Pelaihari | ||
| Banjarbaru City | Banjarbaru | ||
| Banjar Regency Banjar Regency Banjar Regency is one of regencies in the Indonesian province of South Kalimantan, the capital is Martapura. This region is praised for its diamond mines and its people religiousity . Motto: "Barakat" .... |
Martapura Martapura Martapura is capital of the Banjar Regency divided into 3 subdistricts, such as Martapura, West Martapura, and East Martapura. This town is famous as santri city in Kalimantan, because of Darussalam pesantren. Originally this town was named Kayutangi which was the last capital of Sultanate of Banjar... |
||
| Banjarmasin Banjarmasin Banjarmasin is the capital of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is located on a delta island near the junction of the Barito and Martapura rivers. As a result, Banjarmasin is sometimes called the "River City"... City |
Banjarmasin Banjarmasin Banjarmasin is the capital of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is located on a delta island near the junction of the Barito and Martapura rivers. As a result, Banjarmasin is sometimes called the "River City"... |
||
| Barito Kuala Regency Barito Kuala Regency Barito Kuala Regency is one of regencies in the Indonesian province of South Kalimantan, the capital is Marabahan. Motto: "Selidah".... |
Marabahan | ||
| Tapin Regency Tapin Regency Tapin Regency is one of regencies in the Indonesian province of South Kalimantan, the capital is Rantau. Motto: "Ruhui Rahayu".... |
Rantau | ||
| Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency South Hulu Sungai Regency is one of regencies in South Kalimantan province, Indonesia. the capital is Kandangan.... |
Kandangan Kandangan Kandangan is the name of the capital of Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency in South Kalimantan Province of Indonesia.It is famous among the Banjarese people as the place which produce tasty foods such as Ketupat Kandangan, Lemang Kandangan and Dodol Kandangan.... |
||
| Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency Central Hulu Sungai Regency is one of regencies in the Indonesian province of South Kalimantan, the capital is Barabai.... |
Barabai Barabai Barabai is the capital city of Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia.... |
||
| Hulu Sungai Utara Regency Hulu Sungai Utara Regency North Hulu Sungai Regency is one of regencies in the Indonesian province of South Kalimantan The capital of the regency is Amuntai.... |
Amuntai | ||
| Balangan Regency Balangan Regency Balangan Regency is one of regencies in the Indonesian province of South Kalimantan, the capital is Paringin. Motto: "Sanggam" , also an acronym for "Sanggup Bagawi Gasan Masyarakat" .... |
Paringin | ||
| Tabalong Regency Tabalong Regency Tabalong Regency is one of regencies in the Indonesian province of South Kalimantan, the capital is Tanjung . Motto: "Saraba Kawa" .... |
Tanjung | ||
| Totals | Banjarmasin |
Economy
In 2010, South Kalimantan's exports grew by 27%, the highest increase among all Indonesian provinces. The province's total exports rank seventh out of all provinces.History
South Kalimantan is the origin of Austronesian peoples who arrived in MadagascarMadagascar
The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...
between the 3rd and 10th century, and are most closely related to Dayaks living near the Barito River
Barito River
Barito is a 890 km long river, located in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. It originates in the Muller Mountain Range from where it flows southward into the Java Sea...
. Current day peoples of Madagascar largely have origins from this region.
Right after Indonesia's proclamation of independence (August 17, 1945), the government under Soekarno and Hatta
Hatta
Hatta may refer to:* Hatta, Gaza, an Arab village in Palestine depopulated in 1948* Hatta, Madhya Pradesh, a village in Damoh District, Madhya Pradesh, India* the Hatta number, a dimensionless parameter in chemical reaction engineering...
appointed Ir. H. Pangeran Muhammad Noor as the governor of the whole Kalimantan on August 18, 1945. The capital was Banjarmasin
Banjarmasin
Banjarmasin is the capital of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is located on a delta island near the junction of the Barito and Martapura rivers. As a result, Banjarmasin is sometimes called the "River City"...
. Later on, it was decided to divide the area into several provinces. On December 7, 1956, the province of South Kalimantan was formed out of these areas: Kotawaringin, Dayak Besar (Great Dayak), Daerah Banjar (Banjar Area), and the Federation of Southeast Kalimantan. Later on, Pasir (a part of Southeast Kalimantan Federation) was integrated to the province of East Kalimantan
East Kalimantan
East Kalimantan is the second largest Indonesian province, located on the Kalimantan region on the east of Borneo island. The resource-rich province has two major cities, Samarinda and Balikpapan...
instead. Furthermore, on 23rd of May 1957, Kotawaringin and Dayak Besar removed themselves from South Kalimantan to form their own province, Central Kalimantan
Central Kalimantan
Central Kalimantan is a province of Indonesia, one of four in Kalimantan - the Indonesian part of the island of Borneo. Its provincial capital is Palangka Raya.The province has a population of just over 2.2 million at the 2010 Census...
.