The Soyuz-T spacecraft was the third generation Soyuz spacecraft

Soyuz spacecraft

Soyuz , Union) is a series of spacecraft initially designed for the Soviet space programme by the Korolyov Design Bureau in the 1960s, and still in service today...

, in service for seven years from 1979 to 1986. The T stood for transport . The revised spacecraft incorporated lessons learned from the Apollo Soyuz Test Project, Soyuz 7K-TM

Soyuz 7K-TM

Apollo-Soyuz Test Project 1975 version of the Soyuz spacecraft served as a technological bridge to the third generation Soyuz-T spacecraft ....

 and Military Soyuz

Military Soyuz

Several military Soyuz spacecraft models were planned, but none actually flew in space. These versions were named Soyuz 7K-P, Soyuz 7K-PPK, Soyuz R, Soyuz 7K-VI, and Soyuz OIS .-Soyuz 7K-P:...

.

The Soyuz-T featured solar panels allowing longer missions, a revised Igla rendezvous system

Igla (spacecraft docking system)

The IGLA docking system was a Russian radio telemetry system for automated docking of Soyuz . The first prototypes were made in late 1965. On 30 October 1967, the first automated docking of Soyuz unmanned spacecraft took place.-Problems:...

 and new translation/attitude thruster system on the service module

Service module

A service module is a spacecraft compartment containing a variety of support systems used for spacecraft operations. Usually located in the uninhabited area of the spacecraft, the service module is jettisoned upon the completion of the mission, and usually burns up during atmospheric reentry...

. It could carry a crew of three wearing spacesuits, allowing the first three-person crews since the Soyuz 11

Soyuz 11

Soyuz 11 was the first manned mission to arrive at the world's first space station, Salyut 1. The mission arrived at the space station on June 7, 1971 and departed on June 30, 1971. The mission ended in disaster when the crew capsule depressurized during preparations for re-entry, killing the...

 disaster.

Missions

• Soyuz T-1
  Soyuz T-1
  Soyuz T-1 was a 1979-80 unmanned Soviet space flight, a test flight of a new Soyuz craft which docked with the orbiting Salyut 6 space station.-Mission parameters:*Spacecraft: Soyuz 7K-ST*Mass: 6450 kg*Crew: None*Launched: December 16, 1979...
  
   (unmanned test, launched 1979)
• Soyuz T-2
  Soyuz T-2
  Soyuz T-2 was a 1980 Soviet manned space flight to the Salyut 6 space station. It was the 12th mission to and 10th successful docking at the orbiting facility. The Soyuz T-2 crew were the second to visit the long-duration Soyuz 35 resident crew....
  
  
• Soyuz T-3
  Soyuz T-3
  -Backup crew:-Mission parameters:*Mass: 6850 kg*Perigee: 200 km*Apogee: 251 km*Inclination: 51.6°*Period: 88.7 minutes-Mission highlights:...
  
  
• Soyuz T-4
  Soyuz T-4
  -Backup crew:-Mission parameters:*Mass: 6850 kg*Perigee: 201 km*Apogee: 250 km*Inclination: 51.6°*Period: 88.7 minutes-Mission highlights:14th expedition to Salyut 6....
  
  
• Soyuz T-5
  Soyuz T-5
  -Backup crew:-Mission parameters:*Mass: 6850 kg*Perigee: 190 km*Apogee: 231 km*Inclination: 51.6°*Period: 89.7 minutes-Mission highlights:...
  
  
• Soyuz T-6
  Soyuz T-6
  -Backup crew:-Mission parameters:*Mass: 6850 kg*Perigee: 189 km*Apogee: 233 km*Inclination: 51.7°*Period: 88.7 minutes-Mission highlights:...
  
  
• Soyuz T-7
  Soyuz T-7
  -Backup crew:Mission parameters:*Mass: 6,850 kg*Perigee: 289 km*Apogee: 299 km*Inclination: 51.6°*Period: 90.3 minutes...
  
  
• Soyuz T-8
  Soyuz T-8
  -Backup crew:-Mission parameters:*Mass: 6850 kg*Perigee: 200 km*Apogee: 230 km*Inclination: 51.6°*Period: 88.6 minutes-Mission highlights:...
  
  
• Soyuz T-9
  Soyuz T-9
  -Backup crew:-Mission parameters:*Mass: 6850 kg*Perigee: 201 km*Apogee: 229 km*Inclination: 51.6°*Period: 88.6 minutes-Mission highlights:4th expedition to Salyut 7...
  
  
• Soyuz T-10-1
  Soyuz T-10-1
  -Mission parameters:*Mass: 6850 kg*Perigee: N/A*Apogee: N/A*Inclination: N/A*Period: N/A-Mission highlights:...
  
  
• Soyuz T-10
  Soyuz T-10
  -Backup crew:-Mission parameters:*Mass: 6850 kg*Perigee: 199 km*Apogee: 219 km*Inclination: 51.6°*Period: 88.7 minutes-Mission highlights:Fifth expedition to Salyut 7. Visited by 6th and 7th expeditions....
  
  
• Soyuz T-11
  Soyuz T-11
  -Backup crew:-Mission parameters:*Mass: 6850 kg*Perigee: 195 km*Apogee: 224 km*Inclination: 51.6°*Period: 88.7 minutes-Mission highlights:...
  
  
• Soyuz T-12
  Soyuz T-12
  Soyuz T-12 was the seventh manned spaceflight to the Soviet space station Salyut 7. The name "Soyuz T-12" is also the name of the spacecraft used to launch and land the mission's three person crew. The mission occurred in July 1984, during the long-duration expedition Salyut 7 EO-3...
  
  
• Soyuz T-13
  Soyuz T-13
  Soyuz T-13 was a Soyuz mission, a human spaceflight mission transporting personnel to the Russian space station Salyut 7. The eighth expedition to the orbital station, the mission launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome, atop a Soyuz-U2 carrier rocket, at 06:39:52 UTC on 1985-06-06...
  
  
• Soyuz T-14
  Soyuz T-14
  -Backup crew:-Mission parameters:* Mass: * Perigee: * Apogee: * Inclination: 51.6°* Period: 88.7 minutes-Mission highlights:...
  
  
• Soyuz T-15
  Soyuz T-15
  - Backup crew :- Mission parameters :* Mass: 6850 kg* Perigee: 331 km* Apogee: 366 km* Inclination: 51.6°* Period: 91.5 minutes- Mission highlights :Soyuz T-15 was the first expedition to Mir....
  
   (launched 1986)

External links

• Russia New Russian spaceship will be able to fly to Moon - space corp
• RSC Energia: Concept Of Russian Manned Space Navigation Development
• Mir Hardware Heritage
  • David S.F. Portree, Mir Hardware Heritage, NASA RP-1357, 1995
  • Mir Hardware Heritage (wikisource)
• Information on Soyuz spacecraft
• OMWorld's ASTP Docking Trainer Page
• NASA - Russian Soyuz TMA Spacecraft Details
• Space Adventures circum-lunar mission - details