Sod Webworm
Encyclopedia
The genus Crambus includes around 155 species of moth
s in the family Crambidae
distributed globally. The adult stages are called snout moths (a name shared with the rest of the family Crambidae), while the larvae of Crambus and the related genus Herpetogramma
are the sod webworms, which can damage grass
es.
life cycle with four stages: egg
, larva
, pupa
and imago
(adult). They overwinter as larva in their final or penultimate instar
in the thatch or soil
. With the coming of warmer weather, the larva will pupa
te, and moths will appear in late spring or early summer. The first generation eggs is laid in June, with larvae appearing in June and lasting until July. Adult moths appear from July until August. Under favorable conditions, a second generation will occur, with the adult stage laying eggs in early October.
of Crambus species are dry and nonadhesive, with an oval to elliptical shape. The eggs of most species are white to creamy white when first laid, but later turn bright orange or red. The size of the eggs varies between species, but ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm.
e also varies from greenish to beige, brown, or gray, with most larvae having dark circular spots that extend over the entire body. From the first instar to the third instar, the head capsule will appear black, but later instars have a light brown head capsule with various black sculpturation. At the first instar, the head capsule is 0.19–0.23 mm wide, growing to 1.23–2.21 mm by the last instar. The length of the whole larvae is 9–13 mm (0.354330708661417–0.511811023622047 ) at the first instar and 24–28 mm (0.94488188976378–1.1 ) at the last instar.
Crambus larvae, known as "sod webworms", feed primarily on grass
es. In turfgrass species, their primary host plants are cool-season grasses, with fewer records on warm-season grasses. Some species also feed on maize
, wheat
, rye
, oats
, timothy-grass
, and other grasses in pasture
s, and meadow
s, with the most damage occurring in areas with permanent sod
. The damage caused is more pronounced during times of drought
.
develops in a silk
en cocoon attached to soil particles, plant debris and fecal pellets. The cocoon resembles a small lump of earth, while the pupa itself is pale yellow at first, darkening to a mahogany brown. The pupae is 8–10 mm (0.31496062992126–0.393700787401575 ) long by 2.5 mm (0.0984251968503937 in) wide.
Most damage occurs during the first instar, when the sod webworm only feeds on the foliage of the turfgrass. Damage is often seen as a small area of leaves that are yellow to brown. Sod webworms themselves will not be seen because of the nocturnal nature of the insect. During the day, the sod webworm can be found in its burrow in the center of the damaged area. Even though damage can be an eyesore, it does not hurt the turf because there is no damage done to the crown of the plant. In closely mown turf and drought conditions, damage is more severe than in poorly maintained turf. In closely mown turf, symptoms will appear more quickly and prominently. During drought conditions, damage is more severe because the damage is often not seen until rainfall occurs.
of sod webworms, 12 larvae must be found in a 0.1 square metre (0.119599004630108 sq yd) area. To test this, hollow pans are placed with a pyrethrum
or detergent
drench and allowed to sit for 10 minutes, then the larva
e in the area are counted. During peak growing periods, the grass will often be able to recover by itself and not show serious damage. For high-end turf that cannot show any damage or serious infestations, predators of the sod webworms must be attracted, including bird
s and insect predators, such as ground beetle
s, robber flies, and predatory wasp
s. The larva is also prone to infection from microorganisms such as Beauveria bassiana
and Nosema
(Microsporidia
). Parasitic nematodes such as Steinernema carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis heliothidis can also infect sod webworms.
in 1798, and was originally used to cover species which are now considered to belong to the Noctuidae
. The type species
was designated by John Curtis
in 1826 as Phalaena pascuella (now Crambus pascuella
). Fabricius originally included 62 species, a number which had increased by 1940 to 116, of which only 98 were thought to be valid. A 1986 estimate suggested there were "perhaps 400" species of Crambus.
Species in the Crambus genus are at this point:
Moth
A moth is an insect closely related to the butterfly, both being of the order Lepidoptera. Moths form the majority of this order; there are thought to be 150,000 to 250,000 different species of moth , with thousands of species yet to be described...
s in the family Crambidae
Crambidae
The Crambidae are the grass moth family of Lepidoptera . They are quite variable in appearance, the nominal subfamily Crambinae taking up closely folded postures on grass-stems where they are inconspicuous, while other subfamilies include brightly coloured and patterned insects which rest in...
distributed globally. The adult stages are called snout moths (a name shared with the rest of the family Crambidae), while the larvae of Crambus and the related genus Herpetogramma
Herpetogramma
Herpetogramma is a genus of moths of the Crambidae family.-Species:*Herpetogramma abdominalis *Herpetogramma acyptera *Herpetogramma aeglealis *Herpetogramma agavealis...
are the sod webworms, which can damage grass
Grass
Grasses, or more technically graminoids, are monocotyledonous, usually herbaceous plants with narrow leaves growing from the base. They include the "true grasses", of the Poaceae family, as well as the sedges and the rushes . The true grasses include cereals, bamboo and the grasses of lawns ...
es.
Life cycle
Sod webworms have a bivoltineVoltinism
Voltinism is a term used in biology to indicate the number of broods or generations of an organism in a year. The term is particularly in use in sericulture, where silkworm varieties vary in their voltinism....
life cycle with four stages: egg
Egg (biology)
An egg is an organic vessel in which an embryo first begins to develop. In most birds, reptiles, insects, molluscs, fish, and monotremes, an egg is the zygote, resulting from fertilization of the ovum, which is expelled from the body and permitted to develop outside the body until the developing...
, larva
Larva
A larva is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle...
, pupa
Pupa
A pupa is the life stage of some insects undergoing transformation. The pupal stage is found only in holometabolous insects, those that undergo a complete metamorphosis, going through four life stages; embryo, larva, pupa and imago...
and imago
Imago
In biology, the imago is the last stage of development of an insect, after the last ecdysis of an incomplete metamorphosis, or after emergence from the pupa where the metamorphosis is complete...
(adult). They overwinter as larva in their final or penultimate instar
Instar
An instar is a developmental stage of arthropods, such as insects, between each molt , until sexual maturity is reached. Arthropods must shed the exoskeleton in order to grow or assume a new form. Differences between instars can often be seen in altered body proportions, colors, patterns, or...
in the thatch or soil
Soil
Soil is a natural body consisting of layers of mineral constituents of variable thicknesses, which differ from the parent materials in their morphological, physical, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics...
. With the coming of warmer weather, the larva will pupa
Pupa
A pupa is the life stage of some insects undergoing transformation. The pupal stage is found only in holometabolous insects, those that undergo a complete metamorphosis, going through four life stages; embryo, larva, pupa and imago...
te, and moths will appear in late spring or early summer. The first generation eggs is laid in June, with larvae appearing in June and lasting until July. Adult moths appear from July until August. Under favorable conditions, a second generation will occur, with the adult stage laying eggs in early October.
Egg
The eggsEgg (biology)
An egg is an organic vessel in which an embryo first begins to develop. In most birds, reptiles, insects, molluscs, fish, and monotremes, an egg is the zygote, resulting from fertilization of the ovum, which is expelled from the body and permitted to develop outside the body until the developing...
of Crambus species are dry and nonadhesive, with an oval to elliptical shape. The eggs of most species are white to creamy white when first laid, but later turn bright orange or red. The size of the eggs varies between species, but ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm.
Larva
The color of the larvaLarva
A larva is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle...
e also varies from greenish to beige, brown, or gray, with most larvae having dark circular spots that extend over the entire body. From the first instar to the third instar, the head capsule will appear black, but later instars have a light brown head capsule with various black sculpturation. At the first instar, the head capsule is 0.19–0.23 mm wide, growing to 1.23–2.21 mm by the last instar. The length of the whole larvae is 9–13 mm (0.354330708661417–0.511811023622047 ) at the first instar and 24–28 mm (0.94488188976378–1.1 ) at the last instar.
Crambus larvae, known as "sod webworms", feed primarily on grass
Grass
Grasses, or more technically graminoids, are monocotyledonous, usually herbaceous plants with narrow leaves growing from the base. They include the "true grasses", of the Poaceae family, as well as the sedges and the rushes . The true grasses include cereals, bamboo and the grasses of lawns ...
es. In turfgrass species, their primary host plants are cool-season grasses, with fewer records on warm-season grasses. Some species also feed on maize
Maize
Maize known in many English-speaking countries as corn or mielie/mealie, is a grain domesticated by indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica in prehistoric times. The leafy stalk produces ears which contain seeds called kernels. Though technically a grain, maize kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable...
, wheat
Wheat
Wheat is a cereal grain, originally from the Levant region of the Near East, but now cultivated worldwide. In 2007 world production of wheat was 607 million tons, making it the third most-produced cereal after maize and rice...
, rye
Rye
Rye is a grass grown extensively as a grain and as a forage crop. It is a member of the wheat tribe and is closely related to barley and wheat. Rye grain is used for flour, rye bread, rye beer, some whiskeys, some vodkas, and animal fodder...
, oats
OATS
OATS - Open Source Assistive Technology Software - is a source code repository or "forge" for assistive technology software. It was launched in 2006 with the goal to provide a one-stop “shop” for end users, clinicians and open-source developers to promote and develop open source assistive...
, timothy-grass
Timothy-grass
Timothy-grass , is an abundant perennial grass native to most of Europe except for the Mediterranean region. It grows to 50–150 cm tall, with leaves up to 45 cm long and 1 cm broad. The flowerhead is 7–15 cm long and 8–10 mm broad, with densely packed spikelets...
, and other grasses in pasture
Pasture
Pasture is land used for grazing. Pasture lands in the narrow sense are enclosed tracts of farmland, grazed by domesticated livestock, such as horses, cattle, sheep or swine. The vegetation of tended pasture, forage, consists mainly of grasses, with an interspersion of legumes and other forbs...
s, and meadow
Meadow
A meadow is a field vegetated primarily by grass and other non-woody plants . The term is from Old English mædwe. In agriculture a meadow is grassland which is not grazed by domestic livestock but rather allowed to grow unchecked in order to make hay...
s, with the most damage occurring in areas with permanent sod
Sod
Sod or turf is grass and the part of the soil beneath it held together by the roots, or a piece of thin material.The term sod may be used to mean turf grown and cut specifically for the establishment of lawns...
. The damage caused is more pronounced during times of drought
Drought
A drought is an extended period of months or years when a region notes a deficiency in its water supply. Generally, this occurs when a region receives consistently below average precipitation. It can have a substantial impact on the ecosystem and agriculture of the affected region...
.
Pupa
The pupaPupa
A pupa is the life stage of some insects undergoing transformation. The pupal stage is found only in holometabolous insects, those that undergo a complete metamorphosis, going through four life stages; embryo, larva, pupa and imago...
develops in a silk
Silk
Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The best-known type of silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity...
en cocoon attached to soil particles, plant debris and fecal pellets. The cocoon resembles a small lump of earth, while the pupa itself is pale yellow at first, darkening to a mahogany brown. The pupae is 8–10 mm (0.31496062992126–0.393700787401575 ) long by 2.5 mm (0.0984251968503937 in) wide.
Imago
The adult moth is whitish or light gray to tan. Many species have patterns of colors including silver, gold, yellow, brown and black. The moths are approximately 12 mm (0.47244094488189 in) long, with wingspans of 20–25 mm (0.78740157480315–0.984251968503937 ). Like other snout moths, they have long labial palpi that extend in front of their heads, and fold their wings underneath their body, making it slender and harder to see while resting on a plant.Damage
Sod webworms were first recognized as a serious pest of lawns and golf courses during the drought of 1928–1934 that affected most of the United States. Unlike many of the other more destructive turfgrass pests, the sod webworm is native to the United States and was not introduced.Most damage occurs during the first instar, when the sod webworm only feeds on the foliage of the turfgrass. Damage is often seen as a small area of leaves that are yellow to brown. Sod webworms themselves will not be seen because of the nocturnal nature of the insect. During the day, the sod webworm can be found in its burrow in the center of the damaged area. Even though damage can be an eyesore, it does not hurt the turf because there is no damage done to the crown of the plant. In closely mown turf and drought conditions, damage is more severe than in poorly maintained turf. In closely mown turf, symptoms will appear more quickly and prominently. During drought conditions, damage is more severe because the damage is often not seen until rainfall occurs.
Management
To be considered a serious infestationInfestation
Infestation refers to the state of being invaded or overrun by pests or parasites. It can also refer to the actual organisms living on or within a host.-Terminology:...
of sod webworms, 12 larvae must be found in a 0.1 square metre (0.119599004630108 sq yd) area. To test this, hollow pans are placed with a pyrethrum
Pyrethrum
Pyrethrum refers to several Old World plants of the genus Chrysanthemum which are cultivated as ornamentals for their showy flower heads. Pyrethrum is also the name of a natural insecticide made from the dried flower heads of C. cinerariifolium and C...
or detergent
Detergent
A detergent is a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants with "cleaning properties in dilute solutions." In common usage, "detergent" refers to alkylbenzenesulfonates, a family of compounds that are similar to soap but are less affected by hard water...
drench and allowed to sit for 10 minutes, then the larva
Larva
A larva is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle...
e in the area are counted. During peak growing periods, the grass will often be able to recover by itself and not show serious damage. For high-end turf that cannot show any damage or serious infestations, predators of the sod webworms must be attracted, including bird
Bird
Birds are feathered, winged, bipedal, endothermic , egg-laying, vertebrate animals. Around 10,000 living species and 188 families makes them the most speciose class of tetrapod vertebrates. They inhabit ecosystems across the globe, from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Extant birds range in size from...
s and insect predators, such as ground beetle
Ground beetle
Ground beetles are a large, cosmopolitan family of beetles, Carabidae, with more than 40,000 species worldwide, approximately 2,000 of which are found in North America and 2,700 in Europe.-Description and ecology:...
s, robber flies, and predatory wasp
Wasp
The term wasp is typically defined as any insect of the order Hymenoptera and suborder Apocrita that is neither a bee nor an ant. Almost every pest insect species has at least one wasp species that preys upon it or parasitizes it, making wasps critically important in natural control of their...
s. The larva is also prone to infection from microorganisms such as Beauveria bassiana
Beauveria bassiana
Beauveria bassiana is a fungus that grows naturally in soils throughout the world and acts as a parasite on various arthropod species, causing white muscardine disease; it thus belongs to the entomopathogenic fungi. It is being used as a biological insecticide to control a number of pests such as...
and Nosema
Nosema
For the genus in Lamiaceae, the mint family, see Nosema .Nosema is a genus of microsporidian parasites, including*Nosema algerae parasitising mosquitoes*Nosema antheraeae parasitising the Chinese oak silkworm Antheraea pernyi...
(Microsporidia
Microsporidia
The microsporidia constitute a phylum of spore-forming unicellular parasites. They were once thought to be protists but are now known to be fungi. Loosely 1500 of the probably more than one million species are named now. Microsporidia are restricted to animal hosts, and all major groups of animals...
). Parasitic nematodes such as Steinernema carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis heliothidis can also infect sod webworms.
Systematics and taxonomy
The genus Crambus was erected by Johan Christian FabriciusJohan Christian Fabricius
Johan Christian Fabricius was a Danish zoologist, specialising in "Insecta", which at that time included all arthropods: insects, arachnids, crustaceans and others...
in 1798, and was originally used to cover species which are now considered to belong to the Noctuidae
Noctuidae
The Noctuidae or owlet moths are a family of robustly-built moths that includes more than 35,000 known species out of possibly 100,000 total, in more than 4,200 genera. They constitute the largest family in the Lepidoptera....
. The type species
Type species
In biological nomenclature, a type species is both a concept and a practical system which is used in the classification and nomenclature of animals and plants. The value of a "type species" lies in the fact that it makes clear what is meant by a particular genus name. A type species is the species...
was designated by John Curtis
John Curtis (entomologist)
John Curtis was an English entomologist and illustrator.-Biography:Curtis was born in Norwich and learned his engraving skills in the workshop of his father, Charles Morgan Curtis...
in 1826 as Phalaena pascuella (now Crambus pascuella
Crambus pascuella
Crambus pascuella is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It is found in Europe.The wingspan is 20-24 mm. The moth flies from May to September depending on the location.The larvae feed on various grasses, especially Poa species....
). Fabricius originally included 62 species, a number which had increased by 1940 to 116, of which only 98 were thought to be valid. A 1986 estimate suggested there were "perhaps 400" species of Crambus.
Species in the Crambus genus are at this point:
- Crambus achilles Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus acyperas Hampson, 1919
- Crambus agitatellusCrambus agitatellusThe Double-banded Grass-veneer Moth is a moth of the Crambidae family. It is found in the eastern two-thirds of the United States and south-eastern Canada.The wingspan is 17-22 mm. Adults are on wing from June to August....
Clemens, 1860 - Crambus ainslieellus Klots, 1942
- Crambus albellus Clemens, 1860
- Crambus albifrons Schaus, 1913
- Crambus alexandrus Kirpichnikova, 1979
- Crambus alienellusCrambus alienellusCrambus alienellus is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It is found in Northern and Central Europe, Ussuri, Central Asia and Daghestan. Subspecies Crambus alienellus labradoriensis is found in Canada.The wingspan is .-Subspecies:...
(Germar E. F. & Fr. Kaulfuss, 1817) - Crambus angulatusCrambus angulatusCrambus angulatus is a moth of the Crambidae family. It is found in North America, including California....
Barnes & McDunnough, 1918 - Crambus angustalatellus Maassen, 1890
- Crambus angustexon Bleszynski, 1962
- Crambus archimedes Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus argyrophorus Butler, 1878
- Crambus argyrostola Hampson, 1919
- Crambus aristophanes Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus arnaudiae Rougeot, 1977
- Crambus athamas Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus autotoxellus Dyar, 1914
- Crambus averroellus Bassi, 1990
- Crambus awemellus McDunnough, 1921
- Crambus bellissimus Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus bidens Zeller, 1872
- Crambus bidentellus Hampson, 1919
- Crambus bigelovi Klots, 1967
- Crambus bipartellus South in Leech & South, 1901
- Crambus boislamberti Rougeot, 1977
- Crambus brachiiferus Hampson, 1919
- Crambus braunellus Klots, 1940
- Crambus brunneisquamatus Hampson, 1919
- Crambus caligula Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus claviger Staudinger, 1899
- Crambus coccophthorus Bleszynski, 1962
- Crambus cockleellus Kearfott, 1908
- Crambus cormieri Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus coryolanus Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus cypridalis Hulst, 1886
- Crambus cyrilellus Klots, 1942
- Crambus cyrnellus Schawerda, 1926
- Crambus daeckellus Haimbach, 1907
- Crambus damotellus Schaus, 1922
- Crambus dedalus Bassi, 2000
- Crambus delineatellus Hampson, 1896
- Crambus descarpentriesi (Rougeot, 1977)
- Crambus dianiphalis Hampson, 1908
- Crambus diarhabdellus Hampson, 1919
- Crambus dimidiatellus Grote, 1883
- Crambus ellipticellus Hampson, 1919
- Crambus elongatus Hampson, 1919
- Crambus erechtheus Bassi, 1992
- Crambus ericellaCrambus ericellaCrambus ericella is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It is found in Europe.The wingspan is . The moth flies from May to September depending on the location....
(Hübner, 1813) - Crambus erostratus Bassi, 1992
- Crambus eurypides Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus falcarius Zeller, 1872
- Crambus gausapalis Hulst, 1886
- Crambus geleches Bleszynski, 1967
- Crambus girardellusCrambus girardellusGirard's Grass-veneer Moth is a moth in the Crambidae family. It is found in North America, including Alberta, Ontario, Quebec, Labrador, Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio and Michigan....
Clemens, 1860 - Crambus guerini Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus hamella (Thunberg, 1794)
- Crambus hampsoni Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus harrisi Klots, 1967
- Crambus hastifer Staudinger, 1899
- Crambus hemileucalis Hampson, 1896
- Crambus heringiellus Herrich-Schäffer, 1848
- Crambus humidellus Zeller, 1877
- Crambus icarus Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus isshiki Matsumura, 1925
- Crambus johnsoni Klots, 1942
- Crambus jupiter Bleszynski, 1963
- Crambus kazitaellus Bassi, 1986
- Crambus kumatakellus Shibuya, 1928
- Crambus kuzakaiensis Okano, 1960
- Crambus lacteella Janse, 1922
- Crambus laqueatellus Clemens, 1860
- Crambus lascaellus Druce, 1896
- Crambus lathoniellusCrambus lathoniellusCrambus lathoniellus is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It is found in Europe, Central and South-East Asia.The wingspan is ca....
(Zincken, 1817) - Crambus leachellus (Zincken, 1818)
- Crambus leuconotus Zeller, 1881
- Crambus leucoschalis Hampson, 1898
- Crambus lyonsellus Haimbach, 1915
- Crambus magnificus Bleszynski, 1956
- Crambus melanoneurus Hampson, 1919
- Crambus mesombrellus Hampson, 1919
- Crambus microstrigatus Hampson, 1919
- Crambus midas Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus moeschleralis Schaus, 1940
- Crambus monostictus Hampson, 1919
- Crambus multilinellus Fernald, 1887
- Crambus multiradiellus Hampson, 1896
- Crambus narcissus Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus nephretete Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus neurellus Hampson, 1919
- Crambus nigriscriptellus South in Leech & South, 1901
- Crambus nigrivarialis Gaede, 1916
- Crambus niitakaensis Marumo, 1936
- Crambus nivellusCrambus nivellusCrambus nivellus is a moth of the Crambidae family. It is found in India, including Uttar Pradesh, Darjeeling and the Nilgiri Mountains....
(Kollar in Kollar & Redtenbacher, 1844) - Crambus nolckeniellus Zeller, 1872
- Crambus occidentalis Grote, 1880
- Crambus ovidius Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus palustrellus Ragonot, 1876
- Crambus pascuellaCrambus pascuellaCrambus pascuella is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It is found in Europe.The wingspan is 20-24 mm. The moth flies from May to September depending on the location.The larvae feed on various grasses, especially Poa species....
(Linnaeus, 1758) - Crambus patulellus Walker, 1863
- Crambus pavidellus Schaus, 1913
- Crambus perlellaCrambus perlellaCrambus perlella is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It is found in Europe.The wingspan is 19-28 mm. The moth flies from July to August depending on the location....
(Scopoli, 1763) - Crambus perspicuus Walker, 1870
- Crambus praefectellusCrambus praefectellusThe Common Grass-veneer or Silver-striped Webworm is a moth of the Crambidae family. It is found in the United States and southern Canada east of the Rocky Mountains.The wingspan is 18-25 mm...
(Zincken, 1821) - Crambus pratellaCrambus pratellaCrambus pratella is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It is found in Europe.The wingspan is 22–25 mm. The moth flies from May to August depending on the location.The larvae feed on various grasses, especially Deschampsia species....
(Linnaeus, 1758) - Crambus prometheus Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus pseudargyrophorus Okano, 1960
- Crambus psychellus Maassen, 1890
- Crambus puccinii Bassi, 2000
- Crambus pythagoras Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus quinquareatus Zeller, 1877
- Crambus racabellus Druce, 1896
- Crambus reducta Janse, 1922
- Crambus richteri Bleszynski, 1963
- Crambus rickseckerellus Klots, 1940
- Crambus sachaensis Ustjuzhanin, 1988
- Crambus saltuellus Zeller, 1863
- Crambus sanfordellus Klots, 1942
- Crambus sapidus Bleszynski, 1967
- Crambus sargentellus Klots, 1942
- Crambus satrapellus (Zincken, 1821)
- Crambus sebrus Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus sectitermina Hampson, 1910
- Crambus sibirica Alphéraki, 1897
- Crambus silvellaCrambus silvellaCrambus silvella is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It is found in Europe.The wingspan is . The moth flies from July to September depending on the location.The larvae feed on Carex species.-External links:* *...
(Hübner, 1813) - Crambus sinicolellus Caradja, 1926
- Crambus sjoestedti Aurivillius, 1910
- Crambus sparselloides Bassi, 1986
- Crambus sparsellus Walker, 1866
- Crambus sperryellus Klots, 1940
- Crambus sudanicola Strand, 1915
- Crambus tenuis Bassi, 1992
- Crambus tenuistriga Hampson, 1898
- Crambus tessellatus Hampson, 1919
- Crambus themistocles Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus thersites Bleszynski, 1961
- Crambus theseus Bassi, 2000
- Crambus tomanaellus Marumo, 1936
- Crambus trichusalis Hulst, 1886
- Crambus tutillus McDunnough, 1921
- Crambus uliginosellus Zeller, 1850
- Crambus unistriatellus Packard, 1867
- Crambus vagistrigellus Joannis, 1913
- Crambus viettellus Bleszynski & Collins, 1962
- Crambus virgatellus Wileman, 1911
- Crambus vittiterminellus Hampson, 1919
- Crambus vulcanus Bassi, 2000
- Crambus watsonellus Klots, 1942
- Crambus whalleyi Bleszynski, 1960
- Crambus whitmerellus Klots, 1942
- Crambus xebus Bleszynski, 1962
- Crambus xonorus Bleszynski, 1963
- Crambus youngellus Kearfott, 1908
- Crambus zelator Bassi, 1992