Shuliavka Republic
Encyclopedia
Kiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
, now the capital of Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
, whose main task was self-defense. The uprising lasted a total of four days, from December 12–16, 1905 and encompassed the territory of the Shuliavka factory district of Kiev. The Shuliavka Republic came to an end after the protest was put down by the Imperial Russian Army.
Uprising
On December 11, 1905, in a sign of support for the December Uprising in MoscowMoscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
, the Council of Workers' Deputies of Kiev decided to stage a mass uprising. On the next day, all major organizations of the city stopped their operation. The majority of the protesting workers were concentrated in the Shuliavka district of Kiev.
In a couple of hours after the start of the uprising, a "strict revolutionary order" was established. Groups of about 150 armed workers were sent to patrol the territory,
Kiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
, now the capital of Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
, whose main task was self-defense. The uprising lasted a total of four days, from December 12–16, 1905 and encompassed the territory of the Shuliavka factory district of Kiev. The Shuliavka Republic came to an end after the protest was put down by the Imperial Russian Army.
Uprising
On December 11, 1905, in a sign of support for the December Uprising in MoscowMoscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
, the Council of Workers' Deputies of Kiev decided to stage a mass uprising. On the next day, all major organizations of the city stopped their operation. The majority of the protesting workers were concentrated in the Shuliavka district of Kiev.
In a couple of hours after the start of the uprising, a "strict revolutionary order" was established. Groups of about 150 armed workers were sent to patrol the territory,
Kiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
, now the capital of Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
, whose main task was self-defense. The uprising lasted a total of four days, from December 12–16, 1905 and encompassed the territory of the Shuliavka factory district of Kiev. The Shuliavka Republic came to an end after the protest was put down by the Imperial Russian Army.
Uprising
On December 11, 1905, in a sign of support for the December Uprising in MoscowMoscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
, the Council of Workers' Deputies of Kiev decided to stage a mass uprising. On the next day, all major organizations of the city stopped their operation. The majority of the protesting workers were concentrated in the Shuliavka district of Kiev.
In a couple of hours after the start of the uprising, a "strict revolutionary order" was established. Groups of about 150 armed workers were sent to patrol the territory, which was headquartered in the first building of the Kiev Polytechnic Institute
Kiev Polytechnic Institute
The National Technical University of Ukraine “Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” is a major university in Kiev, Ukraine.-History:The institute was founded in 1898. At that time it had four departments: Mechanical, Chemical, Agricultural, and Civil Engineering. The first enrolment constituted 360 students...
.
Shuliavka was declared a workers' republic, where the city-wide protest headquarters and the Council of Workers' Deputies were housed. Workers in the district proclaimed the republic as the sole local authority of Kiev. Among the supporters of the protesting workers were the students and faculty of the Polytechnic Institute.
Manifest
Manifest
Manifest has different meanings. It may refer to the following:Arts* Manifest , the Melbourne Anime FestivalBusiness* Manifest Limited, the UK marketing companyComputing...
, which proclaimed:
In addition, the workers demanded a pension
Pension
In general, a pension is an arrangement to provide people with an income when they are no longer earning a regular income from employment. Pensions should not be confused with severance pay; the former is paid in regular installments, while the latter is paid in one lump sum.The terms retirement...
, normal working conditions, the removal of unnecessary fines, a better medical service, and a system of government protection.
End
The ongoing conflict between the BolshevikBolshevik
The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists , derived from bol'shinstvo, "majority") were a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903....
s and the Menshevik
Menshevik
The Mensheviks were a faction of the Russian revolutionary movement that emerged in 1904 after a dispute between Vladimir Lenin and Julius Martov, both members of the Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party. The dispute originated at the Second Congress of that party, ostensibly over minor issues...
s in the Council and Committee of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party , also known as Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party or Russian Social Democratic Party, was a revolutionary socialist Russian political party formed in 1898 in Minsk to unite the various revolutionary organizations into one party...
slowed the growth of the uprising.
On December 15, the territory of Shuliavka was surrounded by the Russian Army and local authorities. The police, who, before then usually avoided the area, began mass arrests and confiscated any weapons they found. In all, more than 78 people were arrested.Hamm, pg. 219. On the next day, the uprising was put down by a 2,000-strong armed force (consisting mainly of gendarmes
Gendarme (historical)
A gendarme was a heavy cavalryman of noble birth, primarily serving in the French army from the Late Medieval to the Early Modern periods of European History...
and Cossack cavalry).