Sender Zehlendorf
Encyclopedia
Sender Zehlendorf is a radio transmission facility that has existed since 1936, when a short wave transmitter
was built in Zehlendorf
(a village part of Oranienburg
) as part of the establishment of permanent radio services. This Zehlendorf site, which until the end of World War II
was referred to as the Rehmate Radio Transmission Centre (German:Funksendestelle Rehmate), had 26 different antenna
s.
, who left only three wooden radio masts
. These wooden masts supplied the building material for a 100-metre-tall transmission tower built at Golm
in 1948, which was used until 1979.
In 1952 it was decided to build at the location of the former radio transmission center Rehmate the central long wave transmitter of the GDR
. For this between 1956 and 1958 a triangle plane aerial
, which was hung up on three 150 metres high guyed masts
of lattice steel, which were insulated against ground
was built. A second transmitting antenna, which should become the main antenna, was built between 1960 and 1962. It consisted of a 351 metres high, lattice steel framework mast, at which a conical cage aerial
was mounted. This mast was between 1962 and 1964 the highest building in Europe
! With this antenna a transmitting power of 750 kilowatt
s in the long-wave range on a frequency
, which was reduced in course of the time gradually for the reduction by interference
disturbances from 185 kHz to 177 kHz, was possible. The maximum transmitting power, which is possible over the triangle plane aerial, is 500 kilowatts.
On 18 May 1979 the main mast collapsed after a collision with a Russian airplane of the type Mig-21. After the cause of the collapse was certain, the Soviet Union
promised to supply a new mast and to rebuild this. In order not to stop the progress of the construction work by the stricter German safety regulations, for the duration of the construction work the area in the radius of 300 metres was explained as Soviet exclave. In August 1979 the new mast with a height of 359.7 metres was finished.
In 1990
the plant was taken over by the Deutsche Telekom AG
. At first it was planned to shut down the facility: so the cage aerial at the 359.7 metres high main mast was dismantled and the transmitting power of the long wave transmitter was reduced occasionally to 100 kilowatts. In the second half of the 1990s a reorientation occurred. The long wave transmitter was modernized and the main antenna tower received a new cage aerial. Also the transmitting power of the long wave transmitter was increased again to 500 kW. In the year 2000 a 120 metre high, guyed, grounded mast of lattice steel carrying a cage aerial for medium wave was built. He takes over the function of the former Transmitter Berlin-Koepenick and served apart from the spreading of the program of MEGARADIO
also for transmitting of programs of the Voice of Russia
, partly in the Simulcast
mode. The long wave transmitter changed over on 29 August 2005 as first German large transmitter to Digital Radio Mondiale
.
Transmitter
In electronics and telecommunications a transmitter or radio transmitter is an electronic device which, with the aid of an antenna, produces radio waves. The transmitter itself generates a radio frequency alternating current, which is applied to the antenna. When excited by this alternating...
was built in Zehlendorf
Zehlendorf bei Oranienburg
Zehlendorf is a village belonging to the city Oranienburg in Brandenburg. It was incorporated into Oranienburg on 26 October 2003.The town is home to the Sender Zehlendorf, a transmission site for long wave and medium wave radio.-History:...
(a village part of Oranienburg
Oranienburg
Oranienburg is a town in Brandenburg, Germany. It is the capital of the district of Oberhavel.- Geography :Oranienburg is a town located on the banks of the Havel river, 35 km north of the centre of Berlin.- Division of the town :...
) as part of the establishment of permanent radio services. This Zehlendorf site, which until the end of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
was referred to as the Rehmate Radio Transmission Centre (German:Funksendestelle Rehmate), had 26 different antenna
Antenna (radio)
An antenna is an electrical device which converts electric currents into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receiver...
s.
History
In 1945, most of the Rehmate Radio Transmission Centre was dismantled by the Soviet occupying forces as reparationWar reparations
War reparations are payments intended to cover damage or injury during a war. Generally, the term war reparations refers to money or goods changing hands, rather than such property transfers as the annexation of land.- History :...
, who left only three wooden radio masts
Radio masts and towers
Radio masts and towers are, typically, tall structures designed to support antennas for telecommunications and broadcasting, including television. They are among the tallest man-made structures...
. These wooden masts supplied the building material for a 100-metre-tall transmission tower built at Golm
Golm transmitter
Golm transmitter was a mediumwave broadcasting facility on the area of a former military high school at Golm near Potsdam. It was inaugurated in 1948 as central transmitter for Brandenburg state....
in 1948, which was used until 1979.
In 1952 it was decided to build at the location of the former radio transmission center Rehmate the central long wave transmitter of the GDR
German Democratic Republic
The German Democratic Republic , informally called East Germany by West Germany and other countries, was a socialist state established in 1949 in the Soviet zone of occupied Germany, including East Berlin of the Allied-occupied capital city...
. For this between 1956 and 1958 a triangle plane aerial
Antenna (radio)
An antenna is an electrical device which converts electric currents into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receiver...
, which was hung up on three 150 metres high guyed masts
Radio masts and towers
Radio masts and towers are, typically, tall structures designed to support antennas for telecommunications and broadcasting, including television. They are among the tallest man-made structures...
of lattice steel, which were insulated against ground
Ground (electricity)
In electrical engineering, ground or earth may be the reference point in an electrical circuit from which other voltages are measured, or a common return path for electric current, or a direct physical connection to the Earth....
was built. A second transmitting antenna, which should become the main antenna, was built between 1960 and 1962. It consisted of a 351 metres high, lattice steel framework mast, at which a conical cage aerial
Cage aerial
A Cage aerial is a radio antenna, which consists of the top portion of a tower or mast and of several parallel wires, which are radially arranged around the lower part of the mast. one advantage of the cage aerial is that the supporting tower can be grounded, allowing it to be used for other radio...
was mounted. This mast was between 1962 and 1964 the highest building in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
! With this antenna a transmitting power of 750 kilowatt
Watt
The watt is a derived unit of power in the International System of Units , named after the Scottish engineer James Watt . The unit, defined as one joule per second, measures the rate of energy conversion.-Definition:...
s in the long-wave range on a frequency
Frequency
Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time. It is also referred to as temporal frequency.The period is the duration of one cycle in a repeating event, so the period is the reciprocal of the frequency...
, which was reduced in course of the time gradually for the reduction by interference
Interference (communication)
In communications and electronics, especially in telecommunications, interference is anything which alters, modifies, or disrupts a signal as it travels along a channel between a source and a receiver. The term typically refers to the addition of unwanted signals to a useful signal...
disturbances from 185 kHz to 177 kHz, was possible. The maximum transmitting power, which is possible over the triangle plane aerial, is 500 kilowatts.
On 18 May 1979 the main mast collapsed after a collision with a Russian airplane of the type Mig-21. After the cause of the collapse was certain, the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
promised to supply a new mast and to rebuild this. In order not to stop the progress of the construction work by the stricter German safety regulations, for the duration of the construction work the area in the radius of 300 metres was explained as Soviet exclave. In August 1979 the new mast with a height of 359.7 metres was finished.
In 1990
German reunification
German reunification was the process in 1990 in which the German Democratic Republic joined the Federal Republic of Germany , and when Berlin reunited into a single city, as provided by its then Grundgesetz constitution Article 23. The start of this process is commonly referred by Germans as die...
the plant was taken over by the Deutsche Telekom AG
Deutsche Telekom
Deutsche Telekom AG is a telecommunications company headquartered in Bonn, Germany. It is the largest telecommunications company in Europe....
. At first it was planned to shut down the facility: so the cage aerial at the 359.7 metres high main mast was dismantled and the transmitting power of the long wave transmitter was reduced occasionally to 100 kilowatts. In the second half of the 1990s a reorientation occurred. The long wave transmitter was modernized and the main antenna tower received a new cage aerial. Also the transmitting power of the long wave transmitter was increased again to 500 kW. In the year 2000 a 120 metre high, guyed, grounded mast of lattice steel carrying a cage aerial for medium wave was built. He takes over the function of the former Transmitter Berlin-Koepenick and served apart from the spreading of the program of MEGARADIO
Megaradio
Megaradio was a German-speaking privately owned radio station, which transmitted on several frequencies from transmission facilities in Germany . Its content was a German-speaking pop music programs...
also for transmitting of programs of the Voice of Russia
Voice of Russia
Voice of Russia is the Russian government's international radio broadcasting service owned by the All-Russia State Television and Radio Company. Its predecessor Radio Moscow was the official international broadcasting station of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.-Early years:Radio Moscow...
, partly in the Simulcast
Simulcast
Simulcast, shorthand for "simultaneous broadcast", refers to programs or events broadcast across more than one medium, or more than one service on the same medium, at the same time. For example, Absolute Radio is simulcast on both AM and on satellite radio, and the BBC's Prom concerts are often...
mode. The long wave transmitter changed over on 29 August 2005 as first German large transmitter to Digital Radio Mondiale
Digital Radio Mondiale
Digital Radio Mondiale is a set of digital audio broadcasting technologies designed to work over the bands currently used for AM broadcasting, particularly shortwave...
.
External links
- http://www.skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?b45305
- http://www.skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?b45648
- http://www.skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?b45649
- http://www.skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=55087