Salomon Stricker
Encyclopedia
Salomon Stricker – 2 April 1898) was an Austrian pathologist and histologist who was born in Waag-Neustadtl, which is now part of Slovakia
. He studied at the University of Vienna
, and subsequently became a research assistant at the Institute of Physiology
under Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke
. Later he became head of the Institute of General and Experimental Pathology in Vienna
.
Stricker is remembered for his extensive studies in the fields of histology
and experimental pathology, and is credited with making discoveries involving the diapedesis of erythrocytes and the contractility of vascular
walls. He also made contributions in his research of cell division
in vivo
, the histology of the cornea
and the relationship of cells to the extracellular matrix
.
Among his written works is the Handbuch der Lehre von den Geweben des Menschen und der Thiere, a two-volume textbook that contains Stricker's essays on histology
, along with treatises from several other important physicians and scientists, such as Max Schultze
, Wilhelm Kühne
, Joseph von Gerlach
, Sigmund Mayer
, Heinrich Wilhelm Waldeyer
, Theodor Meynert
, Ewald Hering
, et al. During its time, it was considered one of the greatest textbooks concerning histology. Stricker was also the author of a number of philosophical works, and from 1871 to 1880 was editor of the Medicinischen Jahrbücher
In his landmark "Interpretation of Dreams
", Sigmund Freud
discusses a passage in Stricker's Studien uber das Bewusstsein regarding the expression of affect in dreams (e.g. fear, joy) and the dream's ideational content, and how these two elements compare to the ideational/affective dynamic in an awake state. In his book, Stricker uses as an example; "If I am afraid of robbers in my dreams, the robbers, to be sure, are imaginary, but the fear of them is real". It was at Stricker's institute that ophthalmologist Karl Koller
, who at the suggestion of Freud, began his experimentation with cocaine
as a local anaesthetic.
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
. He studied at the University of Vienna
University of Vienna
The University of Vienna is a public university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world...
, and subsequently became a research assistant at the Institute of Physiology
Physiology
Physiology is the science of the function of living systems. This includes how organisms, organ systems, organs, cells, and bio-molecules carry out the chemical or physical functions that exist in a living system. The highest honor awarded in physiology is the Nobel Prize in Physiology or...
under Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke
Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke
Ernst Wilhelm Ritter von Brücke was a German physician and physiologist.He was born Ernst Wilhelm Brücke in Berlin. He graduated in medicine at University of Berlin in 1842, the following year he became esearch assistant to Johannes Peter Müller...
. Later he became head of the Institute of General and Experimental Pathology in Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
.
Stricker is remembered for his extensive studies in the fields of histology
Histology
Histology is the study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals. It is performed by examining cells and tissues commonly by sectioning and staining; followed by examination under a light microscope or electron microscope...
and experimental pathology, and is credited with making discoveries involving the diapedesis of erythrocytes and the contractility of vascular
Vascular
Vascular in zoology and medicine means "related to blood vessels", which are part of the circulatory system. An organ or tissue that is vascularized is heavily endowed with blood vessels and thus richly supplied with blood....
walls. He also made contributions in his research of cell division
Cell division
Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells . Cell division is usually a small segment of a larger cell cycle. This type of cell division in eukaryotes is known as mitosis, and leaves the daughter cell capable of dividing again. The corresponding sort...
in vivo
In vivo
In vivo is experimentation using a whole, living organism as opposed to a partial or dead organism, or an in vitro controlled environment. Animal testing and clinical trials are two forms of in vivo research...
, the histology of the cornea
Cornea
The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. Together with the lens, the cornea refracts light, with the cornea accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power. In humans, the refractive power of the cornea is...
and the relationship of cells to the extracellular matrix
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix is the extracellular part of animal tissue that usually provides structural support to the animal cells in addition to performing various other important functions. The extracellular matrix is the defining feature of connective tissue in animals.Extracellular...
.
Among his written works is the Handbuch der Lehre von den Geweben des Menschen und der Thiere, a two-volume textbook that contains Stricker's essays on histology
Histology
Histology is the study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals. It is performed by examining cells and tissues commonly by sectioning and staining; followed by examination under a light microscope or electron microscope...
, along with treatises from several other important physicians and scientists, such as Max Schultze
Max Schultze
Max Johann Sigismund Schultze was a German microscopic anatomist noted for his work on cell theory.-Biography:Schultze was born at Freiburg in Breisgau...
, Wilhelm Kühne
Wilhelm Kühne
Wilhelm Friedrich Kühne was a German physiologist. Born in Hamburg, he is best known today for coining the word enzyme.-Biography:...
, Joseph von Gerlach
Joseph von Gerlach
Joseph von Gerlach was a German professor of anatomy at the University of Erlangen. He was a native of Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate. Gerlach was a pioneer of histological staining and anatomical microphotography...
, Sigmund Mayer
Siegmund Mayer
Siegmund Mayer was a German physiologist and histologist.Mayer was born in Bechtheim in Rhenish Hesse. He studied at the Universities of Heidelberg, Giessen and Tübingen, where in 1865 he obtained his doctorate...
, Heinrich Wilhelm Waldeyer
Heinrich Wilhelm Gottfried von Waldeyer-Hartz
Heinrich Wilhelm Gottfried von Waldeyer-Hartz was a German anatomist, famous for consolidating the neuron theory of organization of the nervous system and for naming the chromosome...
, Theodor Meynert
Theodor Meynert
Theodor Hermann Meynert was a German-Austrian neuropathologist and anatomist who was born in Dresden.In 1861 he earned his medical doctorate, and in 1875 became director of the psychiatric clinic associated with the University of Vienna. One of his better known students in Vienna was Sigmund...
, Ewald Hering
Ewald Hering
Karl Ewald Konstantin Hering was a German physiologist who did much research into color vision and spatial perception...
, et al. During its time, it was considered one of the greatest textbooks concerning histology. Stricker was also the author of a number of philosophical works, and from 1871 to 1880 was editor of the Medicinischen Jahrbücher
In his landmark "Interpretation of Dreams
Interpretation of dreams
Interpretation of dreams may refer to:* Dream interpretation is the process of assigning meaning to dreams* Oneiromancy, a form of divination based upon dreams* The Interpretation of Dreams, Sigmund Freud's 1899 book about psychoanalysis and dreams...
", Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud , born Sigismund Schlomo Freud , was an Austrian neurologist who founded the discipline of psychoanalysis...
discusses a passage in Stricker's Studien uber das Bewusstsein regarding the expression of affect in dreams (e.g. fear, joy) and the dream's ideational content, and how these two elements compare to the ideational/affective dynamic in an awake state. In his book, Stricker uses as an example; "If I am afraid of robbers in my dreams, the robbers, to be sure, are imaginary, but the fear of them is real". It was at Stricker's institute that ophthalmologist Karl Koller
Karl Koller (ophthalmologist)
Karl Koller was an Austrian ophthalmologist who began his medical career as a surgeon at the Vienna General Hospital, and was a colleague of Sigmund Freud.Koller introduced cocaine as a local anaesthetic for eye surgery...
, who at the suggestion of Freud, began his experimentation with cocaine
Cocaine
Cocaine is a crystalline tropane alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. The name comes from "coca" in addition to the alkaloid suffix -ine, forming cocaine. It is a stimulant of the central nervous system, an appetite suppressant, and a topical anesthetic...
as a local anaesthetic.
Selected publications
- Handbuch der Lehre von den Geweben des Menschen und der Thiere (Textbook on the Doctrine of Tissues of Humans and Animals), (1871–73)
- Vorlesungen über allgemeine und experimentelle Pathologie (Lectures on General and Experimental Pathology), (1877–83)
- Studien über das Bewusstsein (Studies on Consciousness), (1879)
- Studien über die Sprachvorstellungen (Studies on Language Performances), (1880)
- Über die Bewegungsvorstellungen (1882)
- Studien über die Association der Vorstellungen (Studies on the Association of Ideas), 1883
- Physiologie des Rechts, (1884).
External links
- Contents of Handbuch der Lehre von den Geweben des Menschen und der Thiere
- http://www.scribd.com/doc/13727119/The-Interpretation-of-Dreams-by-Sigmund-Freud The Interpretation of Dreams by Sigmund Freud, the Affects in Dreams p. 226