Rogerius (physician)
Encyclopedia
Rogerius also called Rogerius Salernitanus, Roger Frugard, Roger Frugardi, Roggerio Frugardo, Rüdiger Frutgard and Roggerio dei Frugardi, was a Salernitan
surgeon
who wrote a work on medicine entitled Practica Chirurgiae ("The Practice of Surgery") around 1180 (sometimes dated earlier to 1170; sometimes later, to 1230). It is also called Chirurgiae Magistri Rogerii ("The Surgery of Master Rogerius").
Rogerius' work is clear, brief, and practical, and also unburdened with long citations derived from other medical authorities. The work, arranged anatomically and presented according to a pathologic-traumatological
systematization, includes a brief recommended treatment for each affliction.http://omega.ilce.edu.mx:3000/sites/ciencia/volumen3/ciencia3/154/html/sec_11.html Rogerius was an independent observer and was the first to use the term lupus
to describe the classic malar rash.
He recommended a dressing of egg-albumen for wounds of the neck, and did not believe that nerves, when severed, could be regenerated (consolidari), though he thought they may undoubtedly be reunited (conglutinari).http://www2.cddc.vt.edu/gutenberg/1/6/1/5/16155/16155-h/16155-h.htm
Rogerius' work was the first medieval text on surgery to dominate its field in all of Europe, and it was used in the new universities in Bologna
and Montpellier
. Rogerius' work was kept relevant by the new edition (1250) made by his pupil Rolando de Parma, a professor at Bologna. Gloss
es later added include Additiones, Chirurgia Rolandina, First Salernitan Gloss, Roger Marginalia of Erfurt, Four Masters Gloss, Therapeutic Roger Gloss, Chirurgia Jamati and the widely extended Middle High German
Roger Complex.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12168232&dopt=Abstract Many of these manuscripts include lavish illustrations detailing medical treatment.
Rogerius' work maintained the strong tradition of Salerno's medical school, in existence since the ninth century, which pioneered the study of anatomy
and surgery
.
By the thirteenth century, many European towns were demanding that physicians have several years of study or training before they could practice.Surgery
had a lower status than pure medicine, beginning as a craft tradition until Rogerius composed his treatise, which laid the foundation for the species of the occidental surgical manuals, influencing them up to modern times.
Salerno
Salerno is a city and comune in Campania and is the capital of the province of the same name. It is located on the Gulf of Salerno on the Tyrrhenian Sea....
surgeon
Surgery
Surgery is an ancient medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, or to help improve bodily function or appearance.An act of performing surgery may be called a surgical...
who wrote a work on medicine entitled Practica Chirurgiae ("The Practice of Surgery") around 1180 (sometimes dated earlier to 1170; sometimes later, to 1230). It is also called Chirurgiae Magistri Rogerii ("The Surgery of Master Rogerius").
Rogerius' work is clear, brief, and practical, and also unburdened with long citations derived from other medical authorities. The work, arranged anatomically and presented according to a pathologic-traumatological
Physical trauma
Trauma refers to "a body wound or shock produced by sudden physical injury, as from violence or accident." It can also be described as "a physical wound or injury, such as a fracture or blow." Major trauma can result in secondary complications such as circulatory shock, respiratory failure and death...
systematization, includes a brief recommended treatment for each affliction.http://omega.ilce.edu.mx:3000/sites/ciencia/volumen3/ciencia3/154/html/sec_11.html Rogerius was an independent observer and was the first to use the term lupus
Lupus erythematosus
Lupus erythematosus is a category for a collection of diseases with similar underlying problems with immunity . Symptoms of these diseases can affect many different body systems, including joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, heart, and lungs...
to describe the classic malar rash.
He recommended a dressing of egg-albumen for wounds of the neck, and did not believe that nerves, when severed, could be regenerated (consolidari), though he thought they may undoubtedly be reunited (conglutinari).http://www2.cddc.vt.edu/gutenberg/1/6/1/5/16155/16155-h/16155-h.htm
Rogerius' work was the first medieval text on surgery to dominate its field in all of Europe, and it was used in the new universities in Bologna
Bologna
Bologna is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna, in the Po Valley of Northern Italy. The city lies between the Po River and the Apennine Mountains, more specifically, between the Reno River and the Savena River. Bologna is a lively and cosmopolitan Italian college city, with spectacular history,...
and Montpellier
Montpellier
-Neighbourhoods:Since 2001, Montpellier has been divided into seven official neighbourhoods, themselves divided into sub-neighbourhoods. Each of them possesses a neighbourhood council....
. Rogerius' work was kept relevant by the new edition (1250) made by his pupil Rolando de Parma, a professor at Bologna. Gloss
Gloss
A gloss is a brief notation of the meaning of a word or wording in a text. It may be in the language of the text, or in the reader's language if that is different....
es later added include Additiones, Chirurgia Rolandina, First Salernitan Gloss, Roger Marginalia of Erfurt, Four Masters Gloss, Therapeutic Roger Gloss, Chirurgia Jamati and the widely extended Middle High German
Middle High German
Middle High German , abbreviated MHG , is the term used for the period in the history of the German language between 1050 and 1350. It is preceded by Old High German and followed by Early New High German...
Roger Complex.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12168232&dopt=Abstract Many of these manuscripts include lavish illustrations detailing medical treatment.
Rogerius' work maintained the strong tradition of Salerno's medical school, in existence since the ninth century, which pioneered the study of anatomy
Anatomy
Anatomy is a branch of biology and medicine that is the consideration of the structure of living things. It is a general term that includes human anatomy, animal anatomy , and plant anatomy...
and surgery
Surgery
Surgery is an ancient medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, or to help improve bodily function or appearance.An act of performing surgery may be called a surgical...
.
By the thirteenth century, many European towns were demanding that physicians have several years of study or training before they could practice.Surgery
Surgery
Surgery is an ancient medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, or to help improve bodily function or appearance.An act of performing surgery may be called a surgical...
had a lower status than pure medicine, beginning as a craft tradition until Rogerius composed his treatise, which laid the foundation for the species of the occidental surgical manuals, influencing them up to modern times.
Further reading
- Leonard D. Rosenman, The Chirurgia of Roger Frugard (2002).