Robert Roth
Encyclopedia
Robert Roth was an active member in the anti-war
, anti-racism
and anti-imperialism
movements of the 1960’s and 70’s, and key member of the Students for a Democratic Society
(SDS) political movement in the Columbia University
Chapter in New York, where he eventually presided. Later, as a member of the Weatherman/Weather Underground Organization
he used militant tactics to oppose the Vietnam War
and racism. After the war ended, Roth surfaced from his underground status and has been involved in a variety of social causes to this day.
and John Jacobs
during his freshmen year at Columbia University. In 1969 he was elected leader of SDS when he decided he would not finish school at Columbia and would instead focus on fighting the revolution. That same year he dropped out of school to avoid disciplinary charges and to commit himself to revolutionary organization. He spent that summer working with an SDS community organizing project in the Inwood section of New York City.
Roth sided with black students that opposed building the Columbia University
gym in Harlem in 1968, which was intended to grant African Americans limited access to facilities and was clearly an act of segregation. Roth also opposed the University's contribution to the Department of Defense in the form of research and military recruiting. These oppositions resulted in a series of direct actions, including strikes and building takeovers. He led building occupations at Columbia University. SDS leader Robert Roth was the contact for the Low library occupation where he noted the “great communal feeling” of those occupying the library during the take-over. The 1968 Summer session started with protests led by Roth, then a sophomore, Paul Rockwell and Stuart Gedal. On 116th and Broadway, at the university's gates, Roth led “liberation classes” in which he taught passing students about pressing matters. In September 1968 Robert Roth held a meeting along with other students Josephine Duke, Stuart Gedal and Mike Golash to demand that the Morningside Gym construction stop. Roth demanded Dr Andrew W. Cordier, Columbia’s acting President, to end racist and militaristic actions at the university. Roth was part of a group who participated in attempting to force administrators of Columbia University to allow SDS members expelled from school to register for the following term. As a member of the SDS steering committee, Roth chastised Dr. Cordiers for refusing to lift the 42 suspensions for the expelled students, as he claimed it signified "an attempt to split our movement."
During his time with the steering committee, Roth, along with 200 other SDS members, participated in the capture of Philosophy Hall at Columbia University on April 17, 1969. On April 17, 1969 and May 1, 1969 Roth participated in taking over and barricading the halls. Roth asserted, “We are showing that University that every time it helps the war in Vietnam we will exact reprisals.” This quotation was in response to news that the university was accepting NASA research grants by allowing military recruitment on campus. A later FBI surveillance file from COINTELPRO
confirmed Robert Roth was a participant in the Columbia student strike. He was also identified as a member of SDS and a negotiator for the Low library strikers.
On May 2, 1969 they released control of two buildings: Fayerweather and Mathematics Halls. In 1969, Roth led another Columbia strike. He was arrested June 10, 1969,found guilty, and he served 30 days in prison in New York City and fined $100 for disregarding the ban of disruptions on Morningside campus.
Following his release from jail, Roth worked from August – October 1969 on the National Action Staff (NAS) for the SDS national office. In this capacity,he helped plan for the coming National Action, also known as the “Days of Rage
.”
On September 15, 1969, Roth, along with seven other men and women, was arrested for refusing to stop passing out anti-war pamphlets to motorists. Roth, then 19 years old, was charged with obstructing traffic and disorderly conduct. He was fined $100.
After his release Roth resumed his work as a member of the NAS on September 17, 1969. He continued discussing plans for activities in Chicago. The Chicago demonstration was discussed as an opportunity to bring their politics to the streets in order to topple the system.
Weatherman had emerged from SDS by late 1969. They sent Roth to Chicago where he noticed the heavy police presence. SDS applied for demonstration permits for a demonstration and march on October 11 of 1969 and held a conference at city hall. Roth noted that the deputy mayor would not commit to providing a permit, but assured the people that this demonstration would happen with or without a permit. In the fall of 1969 the ‘red squad,’ a plain-clothes Chicago police squad, formed and focused on Weather activity in Chicago. Multiple accounts say that they forcefully entered a Weatherman hide-out and hung Robert Roth out of the window by his ankles in a raid.
’s murder in December 1969 provided Roth with the feeling of personal responsibility to make a difference. After his time in Chicago, Roth felt Chicago was a war zone which intensified the necessity of Weather's clandestine activity. In response to Greenwich Village townhouse explosion
,where Terry Robbins
, Diana Oughton
, and Ted Gold
of Weathermen perished. Roth grappled with the morality of pursuing a revolution when it endangers peoples’ lives.
In his years within the Weather Underground, Roth participated in militant activities aimed against US imperialism and racism. While underground Roth participated in Osowatamie, the WUO’s short lived newsletter beginning in March 1975. He served as the leader of editorial coverage.
Roth surfaced and turned himself in to authorities with Phoebe Hirsch on 3/25/1977. He was released on a $1000 bail on 9/13. He later pled guilty to mob action charges and received a $1000 fine and 2 years probation.
. In the 1980’s Roth worked with the Pledge of Resistance, a movement dedicated to ending US intervention in Central America.
In 1992 Roth was a founding member of Haiti Action Committee (HAC) and opposed a US supported coup against President Jean-Bertrand Aristide
. In the ensuing years, his fight against the UN occupation of Haiti continued. He remains a member of Haiti Action Committee. Roth spoke on Tuesday 9/18/2007 at a rally protesting the kidnapping and disappearance of Haitian human rights activist Lovinsky Pierre-Antoine, as well as the ongoing repression in Haiti. This is a link to a video of Robert Roth participating in a rally held in San Francisco at the corner of Market and Montgomery on behalf of missing Haitian Lovinsky Pierre-Antoine. http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2007/09/23/18449279.php
He also co-authored activist pamphlets: “Hidden From the Headlines: the US War Against Haiti,” and “We Will Not Forget: the Achievements of Lavalas in Haiti."
Currently Roth is a high school Social Studies teacher and community activist. He can be seen in the groundbreaking film It's Elementary, which focuses on teaching gay issues in schools. The film aired on PBS and is a model for educators across the country.
Anti-war
An anti-war movement is a social movement, usually in opposition to a particular nation's decision to start or carry on an armed conflict, unconditional of a maybe-existing just cause. The term can also refer to pacifism, which is the opposition to all use of military force during conflicts. Many...
, anti-racism
Anti-racism
Anti-racism includes beliefs, actions, movements, and policies adopted or developed to oppose racism. In general, anti-racism is intended to promote an egalitarian society in which people do not face discrimination on the basis of their race, however defined...
and anti-imperialism
Anti-imperialism
Anti-imperialism, strictly speaking, is a term that may be applied to a movement opposed to any form of colonialism or imperialism. Anti-imperialism includes opposition to wars of conquest, particularly of non-contiguous territory or people with a different language or culture; it also includes...
movements of the 1960’s and 70’s, and key member of the Students for a Democratic Society
Students for a Democratic Society (1960 organization)
Students for a Democratic Society was a student activist movement in the United States that was one of the main iconic representations of the country's New Left. The organization developed and expanded rapidly in the mid-1960s before dissolving at its last convention in 1969...
(SDS) political movement in the Columbia University
Columbia University
Columbia University in the City of New York is a private, Ivy League university in Manhattan, New York City. Columbia is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York, the fifth oldest in the United States, and one of the country's nine Colonial Colleges founded before the...
Chapter in New York, where he eventually presided. Later, as a member of the Weatherman/Weather Underground Organization
Weatherman (organization)
Weatherman, known colloquially as the Weathermen and later the Weather Underground Organization , was an American radical left organization. It originated in 1969 as a faction of Students for a Democratic Society composed for the most part of the national office leadership of SDS and their...
he used militant tactics to oppose the Vietnam War
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War was a Cold War-era military conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. This war followed the First Indochina War and was fought between North Vietnam, supported by its communist allies, and the government of...
and racism. After the war ended, Roth surfaced from his underground status and has been involved in a variety of social causes to this day.
Early years
Roth is the son of a middle-class family in Queens, New York, where he grew up in a progressive Jewish household. He graduated high school in 1966, at the age of 16. That same year he was accepted to, and entered Columbia University in New York City. In 1969, Roth withdrew from Columbia to focus his full attention to SDS.Students for a Democratic Society
Roth was recruited to join SDS at Columbia University by Mark RuddMark Rudd
Mark William Rudd is a political organizer, mathematics instructor, and anti-war activist, most well known for his involvement with the Weather Underground. Rudd became a member of the Columbia University chapter of Students for a Democratic Society in 1963. By 1968, he had emerged as a leader...
and John Jacobs
John Jacobs (student leader)
John Gregory Jacobs was an American student and anti-war activist in the 1960s and early 1970s. He was a leader in both Students for a Democratic Society and the Weatherman group, and an advocate of the use of violent force to overthrow the government of the United States...
during his freshmen year at Columbia University. In 1969 he was elected leader of SDS when he decided he would not finish school at Columbia and would instead focus on fighting the revolution. That same year he dropped out of school to avoid disciplinary charges and to commit himself to revolutionary organization. He spent that summer working with an SDS community organizing project in the Inwood section of New York City.
Roth sided with black students that opposed building the Columbia University
Columbia University
Columbia University in the City of New York is a private, Ivy League university in Manhattan, New York City. Columbia is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York, the fifth oldest in the United States, and one of the country's nine Colonial Colleges founded before the...
gym in Harlem in 1968, which was intended to grant African Americans limited access to facilities and was clearly an act of segregation. Roth also opposed the University's contribution to the Department of Defense in the form of research and military recruiting. These oppositions resulted in a series of direct actions, including strikes and building takeovers. He led building occupations at Columbia University. SDS leader Robert Roth was the contact for the Low library occupation where he noted the “great communal feeling” of those occupying the library during the take-over. The 1968 Summer session started with protests led by Roth, then a sophomore, Paul Rockwell and Stuart Gedal. On 116th and Broadway, at the university's gates, Roth led “liberation classes” in which he taught passing students about pressing matters. In September 1968 Robert Roth held a meeting along with other students Josephine Duke, Stuart Gedal and Mike Golash to demand that the Morningside Gym construction stop. Roth demanded Dr Andrew W. Cordier, Columbia’s acting President, to end racist and militaristic actions at the university. Roth was part of a group who participated in attempting to force administrators of Columbia University to allow SDS members expelled from school to register for the following term. As a member of the SDS steering committee, Roth chastised Dr. Cordiers for refusing to lift the 42 suspensions for the expelled students, as he claimed it signified "an attempt to split our movement."
During his time with the steering committee, Roth, along with 200 other SDS members, participated in the capture of Philosophy Hall at Columbia University on April 17, 1969. On April 17, 1969 and May 1, 1969 Roth participated in taking over and barricading the halls. Roth asserted, “We are showing that University that every time it helps the war in Vietnam we will exact reprisals.” This quotation was in response to news that the university was accepting NASA research grants by allowing military recruitment on campus. A later FBI surveillance file from COINTELPRO
COINTELPRO
COINTELPRO was a series of covert, and often illegal, projects conducted by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation aimed at surveilling, infiltrating, discrediting, and disrupting domestic political organizations.COINTELPRO tactics included discrediting targets through psychological...
confirmed Robert Roth was a participant in the Columbia student strike. He was also identified as a member of SDS and a negotiator for the Low library strikers.
On May 2, 1969 they released control of two buildings: Fayerweather and Mathematics Halls. In 1969, Roth led another Columbia strike. He was arrested June 10, 1969,found guilty, and he served 30 days in prison in New York City and fined $100 for disregarding the ban of disruptions on Morningside campus.
Following his release from jail, Roth worked from August – October 1969 on the National Action Staff (NAS) for the SDS national office. In this capacity,he helped plan for the coming National Action, also known as the “Days of Rage
Days of Rage
The Days of Rage demonstrations were a series of direct actions taken over a course of three days in October 1969 in Chicago organized by the Weatherman faction of the Students for a Democratic Society...
.”
On September 15, 1969, Roth, along with seven other men and women, was arrested for refusing to stop passing out anti-war pamphlets to motorists. Roth, then 19 years old, was charged with obstructing traffic and disorderly conduct. He was fined $100.
After his release Roth resumed his work as a member of the NAS on September 17, 1969. He continued discussing plans for activities in Chicago. The Chicago demonstration was discussed as an opportunity to bring their politics to the streets in order to topple the system.
Weatherman had emerged from SDS by late 1969. They sent Roth to Chicago where he noticed the heavy police presence. SDS applied for demonstration permits for a demonstration and march on October 11 of 1969 and held a conference at city hall. Roth noted that the deputy mayor would not commit to providing a permit, but assured the people that this demonstration would happen with or without a permit. In the fall of 1969 the ‘red squad,’ a plain-clothes Chicago police squad, formed and focused on Weather activity in Chicago. Multiple accounts say that they forcefully entered a Weatherman hide-out and hung Robert Roth out of the window by his ankles in a raid.
Weather Underground Organization
The early months of 1970 saw great change for both Weather and Robert Roth. He recalled, “My sense of justice… and the person I wanted to be were inextricably linked to what happened with African Americans.” These sentiments display why Roth joined Weather; he was interested in joining a white movement whose goal was to defeat racism and American imperialism. The news of Fred HamptonFred Hampton
Fred Hampton was an African-American activist and deputy chairman of the Illinois chapter of the Black Panther Party...
’s murder in December 1969 provided Roth with the feeling of personal responsibility to make a difference. After his time in Chicago, Roth felt Chicago was a war zone which intensified the necessity of Weather's clandestine activity. In response to Greenwich Village townhouse explosion
Greenwich Village townhouse explosion
The Greenwich Village townhouse explosion was the premature detonation of a bomb as it was being assembled by members of the American radical left group, Weatherman – later renamed the Weather Underground – in the basement of a townhouse at 18 West 11th Street between Fifth Avenue and...
,where Terry Robbins
Terry Robbins
Terry Robbins was a U.S. leftist radical activist. A key member of the Students for a Democratic Society Ohio chapter, he led Kent State into its first militant student uprising in 1968. Robbins was credited for drawing inspiration from Bob Dylan’s song Subterranean Homesick Blues which later...
, Diana Oughton
Diana Oughton
Diana Oughton was a member of the Students for a Democratic Society Michigan Chapter and later, a member of the 1960s radical group Weatherman. Oughton received her B.A. from Bryn Mawr College. After graduation, Oughton went to Guatemala with the VISA program to teach the young and older...
, and Ted Gold
Ted Gold
Theodore "Ted" Gold was a member of Weatherman.-Early years and education:Gold was a red diaper baby. He was the son of Hyman Gold, a prominent Jewish physician and a mathematics instructor at Columbia University who had both been part of the Old Left. His mother was a statistician who taught at...
of Weathermen perished. Roth grappled with the morality of pursuing a revolution when it endangers peoples’ lives.
In his years within the Weather Underground, Roth participated in militant activities aimed against US imperialism and racism. While underground Roth participated in Osowatamie, the WUO’s short lived newsletter beginning in March 1975. He served as the leader of editorial coverage.
Roth surfaced and turned himself in to authorities with Phoebe Hirsch on 3/25/1977. He was released on a $1000 bail on 9/13. He later pled guilty to mob action charges and received a $1000 fine and 2 years probation.
After Weather Underground
After surfacing from the Weather Underground Organization, Robert Roth moved to San Francisco and joined Prairie Fire Organizing CommitteePrairie Fire Organizing Committee
The Prairie Fire Organizing Committee is an activist group whose members advocate the overthrow of the current capitalist system as the only solution to racism, sexism, homophobia, classism and imperialism. The group emerged from opposition to all forms of oppression that the members believe is...
. In the 1980’s Roth worked with the Pledge of Resistance, a movement dedicated to ending US intervention in Central America.
In 1992 Roth was a founding member of Haiti Action Committee (HAC) and opposed a US supported coup against President Jean-Bertrand Aristide
Jean-Bertrand Aristide
Jean-Bertrand Aristide is a Haitian former Catholic priest and politician who served as Haiti's first democratically elected president. A proponent of liberation theology, Aristide was appointed to a parish in Port-au-Prince in 1982 after completing his studies...
. In the ensuing years, his fight against the UN occupation of Haiti continued. He remains a member of Haiti Action Committee. Roth spoke on Tuesday 9/18/2007 at a rally protesting the kidnapping and disappearance of Haitian human rights activist Lovinsky Pierre-Antoine, as well as the ongoing repression in Haiti. This is a link to a video of Robert Roth participating in a rally held in San Francisco at the corner of Market and Montgomery on behalf of missing Haitian Lovinsky Pierre-Antoine. http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2007/09/23/18449279.php
He also co-authored activist pamphlets: “Hidden From the Headlines: the US War Against Haiti,” and “We Will Not Forget: the Achievements of Lavalas in Haiti."
Currently Roth is a high school Social Studies teacher and community activist. He can be seen in the groundbreaking film It's Elementary, which focuses on teaching gay issues in schools. The film aired on PBS and is a model for educators across the country.
External links
- Where is Lovinsky Pierre-Antoine? Haiti Action Committee rally for his safe return. http://www.haitisolidarity.net/article.php?id=196
- http://www.indybay.org/newitems/2007/09/23/18440279.php
- http://www.haitisolidarity.net/article/php?id=196
- http://www.tmahs.com/mpages/socialstudies.htm
- http://www.dissidentvoice.org/2007/10/un-occupation-of-haiti-continues by Ben Terrall 10/4/2007