Raimund Marasigan
Encyclopedia
Raimund Emmanuel Parcon Marasigan, (born May 22, 1971) or simply known as Raimund Marasigan, is a ballad musician
Musician
A musician is an artist who plays a musical instrument. It may or may not be the person's profession. Musicians can be classified by their roles in performing music and writing music.Also....* A person who makes music a profession....

 and record producer in the Philippines
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...

. Oftentimes, his first name is misspelled as Raymond, Raymund, Raimond and other variants. The breadth of his projects has made him one of the most well-respected mainstays of the Philippine rock band scene. He was the drummer, vocalist and lyricist alongside former bandmate Ely Buendia of The Eraserheads, and the current keyboard/synths player for Pedicab, former rhythm guitarist and now frontman of Sandwich
Sandwich (band)
Sandwich is a Filipino rock band that was formed in 1995 by Raimund Marasigan and Diego Castillo for the purpose of fulfilling their mutual desire to work together. Castillo recruited former band mates from The Aga Muhlach Experience Mike Dizon to play drums and Myrene Academia to handle bass...

, current drummer of Cambio
Cambio (band)
Cambio is a Filipino rock supergroup composed of Raimund Marasigan, Buddy Zabala, Ebe Dancel, Diego Mapa and Kris Gorra-Dancel.-History:When Ely Buendia left the Eraserheads sometime in 2002, remaining members Buddy Zabala, Marcus Adoro and Raimund Marasigan decided to continue as Eheads by adding...

, vocalist of Project 1
Project 1
Project 1 is a Filipino supergroup formed in 2008. Members include Clem Castro on guitars, Francis Reyes also on guitars, Carlos Calderon on bass, Jazz Nicolas on drums and Uela Basco , Katwo Librando and Raimund Marasigan on vocals...

and the man behind Squid 9. Currently, he holds bass for his newest band, Gaijin. Aside from writing songs and being a musician, he is also a record producer, voice actor, TV host and product endorser.

Eraserheads

He first achieved fame as drummer for the rock band, Eraserheads, one of the most popular Philippine bands of the 1990s. He played the drums, provided backing vocals, and occasionally sang on lead vocals. Marasigan's songwriting output for the Eraserheads was only next to that of its principal songwriter, Ely Buendia
Ely Buendía
Eleandre Basiño Buendia, popularly known as Ely Buendia, and also once adopting the stage name, Jesus "Dizzy" Ventura, is a Filipino writer and musician who gained fame as guitarist, songwriter, and lead vocalist in the popular Pinoy rock band The Eraserheads...

.

In 2002, vocalist-guitarist Ely Buendia
Ely Buendía
Eleandre Basiño Buendia, popularly known as Ely Buendia, and also once adopting the stage name, Jesus "Dizzy" Ventura, is a Filipino writer and musician who gained fame as guitarist, songwriter, and lead vocalist in the popular Pinoy rock band The Eraserheads...

 left the Eraserheads, and Kris Dancel from the all-girl band, Fatal Posporos, was recruited to fill the vacancy. The group billed themselves as Eheads and issued an EP entitled, Please Transpose (2003). The group later renamed themselves Cambio after their lead guitarist Marcus Adoro quit. Cambio released two albums: Derby Light (2003) and Matic (2007).

On August 30, 2008 at the Fort Bonifacio Open Grounds in Taguig, Marasigan joined Buendia, Adoro, and Zabala for The Eraserheads reunion concert. The continuation of the reunion "The Final Set" was held on March 7, 2009 at the SM Mall of Asia concert grounds.

Sandwich

The band Sandwich
Sandwich (band)
Sandwich is a Filipino rock band that was formed in 1995 by Raimund Marasigan and Diego Castillo for the purpose of fulfilling their mutual desire to work together. Castillo recruited former band mates from The Aga Muhlach Experience Mike Dizon to play drums and Myrene Academia to handle bass...

 was formed in 1996 with his now-life partner Myrene Academia (Imago
Imago (band)
Imago is a Filipino pop rock band composed of Aia De Leon, Myrene "Maps" Academia , Tim Cacho and Zach Lucero known for songs such as Akap, Anino, Ewan, Taralets and Sundo.-History:...

) on bass, Marc Abaya
Marc Abaya
Ramon Marcelino "Marc" Diaz-Abaya is a Filipino musician, TV host, VJ, and occasional actor. Abaya appeared in the 2009 Philippine release of Tinker Bell....

on lead guitars and vocals later replaced by Mong Alcaraz of Chicosci
Chicosci
ChicoSci is a 5-piece Filipino rock band based in Manila. The band is composed of Miggy Chavez, Mong Alcaraz, Calde Calderon, Macoy Estacio and Ariel Lumanlan.-Formation and early days:...

 (mong alcaraz only replaced him on the guitars)when the former quit to focus on being an MTV
MTV
MTV, formerly an initialism of Music Television, is an American network based in New York City that launched on August 1, 1981. The original purpose of the channel was to play music videos guided by on-air hosts known as VJs....

 mainstay, Diego Castillo on rhythm guitars, and Mike Dizon (of bands Pedicab and Teeth) on drums. Although existing simultaneously with the Eraserheads, Sandwich provided a heavier, grittier sound, and built up their own fan base. Marc Abaya left the band in 2005 to concentrate on his career as a VJ while frontlining for his other band Kjwan
Kjwan
Kjwan is a Filipino band formed in 2003 by former Sandwich guitarist and vocalist Marc Abaya.-History:Long-time friends and former high school band-mates Marc Abaya and Kelley Mangahas got together with fellow Ateneans Jorel Corpus and J-hoon Balbuena to form the band’s initial lineup...

 and Raimund Marasigan has since taken over as the lead vocalist. They have released three albums: Grip Stand Throw
Grip Stand Throw
Grip Stand Throw is the debut album released by the Filipino alternative rock band Sandwich in 1999. The band gained popularity because of its hit carrier single, "Butterfly Carnival". The album and the band won numerous awards due to the album...

and 4-Track Mind (later reissued as a 2-in-1 by Sony BMG, and 2004's award-winning Thanks To The Moon's Gravitational Pull
Thanks To The Moon's Gravitational Pull
Thanks to the Moon's Gravitational Pull is the third studio album released by the Filipino alternative rock band Sandwich in 2003. The album contains the singles "Right Now", "2 Trick Pony" and Nahuhulog. It was the last album featuring Marc Abaya as the band's lead vocalist...

(initially an indie release; then later reissued by EMI
EMI
The EMI Group, also known as EMI Music or simply EMI, is a multinational music company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It is the fourth-largest business group and family of record labels in the recording industry and one of the "big four" record companies. EMI Group also has a major...

 Philippines with bonus tracks. Sandwich released further albums, entitled Five on the Floor
Five on the Floor
Five on the Floor is the fourth studio album released by the Filipino alternative rock band Sandwich in 2006. The album contains the singles "Sugod" , "Sunburn", "DVDX" and "Walang Kadala-Dala". This is the first album without Marc Abaya as lead vocalist of the band and the first featuring Mong...

(2006) which featured the phenomenal hit single, Sugod, and Marks the Spot
S Marks the Spot
Marks the Spot is the fifth studio album released by the Filipino alternative rock band Sandwich in 2008. The album marks the 10th year anniversary of the band. It contains the singles "Procrastinator", "Betamax" and "Selos"...

(2008), with its hit single Procrastinator and Betamax.

Pedicab

In early 2005, Marasigan once again formed another project band: Pedicab
Pedicab (band)
-Members:*Diego Mapa *Jason Caballa *Raimund Marasigan *Mike Dizon *RA Rivera -History:...

. Composed of seasoned artists donning alter egos; Raymund (a.k.a Sugarraims) is on synths and backup vocals; Mike Dizon (of Sandwich and Teeth) a.k.a. Masterbeat is on drums; Jason Caballa (of Twisted Halo and Blast Ople) a.k.a J. Sonic is on guitar and backup vocals; Diego Mapa (of Monsterbot and Cambio) a.k.a. Daddy Maps is lead vocals; and interestingly, acclaimed music video director RA Rivera a.k.a. Just Toni is on visuals and multimedia. They call their music "dunk music" which is essentially their own version of Dance-punk
Dance-punk
Dance-punk is a music genre that emerged in the late 1970s, and is closely associated with the post-punk and No Wave movements.-Predecessors:...

. They released a two-track sampler called "For Hire" with tracks "Bago Pa Mag Pasko" and "Pa-Experience". Pedicab’s first album Tugish Takish (the name coming from onomatopoeia of the sounds made by banging on drums) under Vicor music was released later that year. Tugish Takish has spawned hits such as "Dito Tayo Sa Dilim", "Dizzy Boy", "Konti Na Lang" and "A Stormy Night". Their second album "Shinji Ilabas Mo Na Ang Helicopter" with carrier single "Ang Pusa Mo" was released on April 2008 under MCA Records
MCA Records
MCA Records was an American-based record company owned by MCA Inc., which later gave way to the larger MCA Music Entertainment Group , of which MCA Records was still part. MCA Records was absorbed by Geffen Records in 2003...

 Philippines. Their second album also contains the remake of "Pa-Experience" which they retitled to "Pa-Taste". It also has fan favorites such as "FX", "Follow Through", and "Breaking Away".

Project 1

In 2008, Marasigan launched his new album with Sandwich, after that, he also launched a one-shot band called "Project 1
Project 1
Project 1 is a Filipino supergroup formed in 2008. Members include Clem Castro on guitars, Francis Reyes also on guitars, Carlos Calderon on bass, Jazz Nicolas on drums and Uela Basco , Katwo Librando and Raimund Marasigan on vocals...

" with Clem Castro (former Orange and Lemons
Orange and Lemons
Orange and Lemons was a Filipino pop rock band formed in 1999. The band name "Oranges and Lemons" was initially recommended by a former member of the group. Apparently the band was not aware at that time that the name was actually derived from a British nursery rhyme and a title of an album by the...

, now The Camerawalls) on guitars, Francis Reyes
Francis Reyes
Francis Florentino Saludo Reyes is a Filipino musician. He was the chief radio announcer and musical director for the rock station NU107.5 FM who uses the on-air stage name Francis Brew....

(The Dawn
The Dawn (band)
The Dawn is a Filipino rock band which first achieved commercial success during the late 1980s in the Philippines. The band broke up in 1995 with lead vocalist Jett Pangan forming another band, the Jett Pangan Group. The Dawn reunited in late 1999...

) also on guitars, Carlos Calderon (Chicosci
Chicosci
ChicoSci is a 5-piece Filipino rock band based in Manila. The band is composed of Miggy Chavez, Mong Alcaraz, Calde Calderon, Macoy Estacio and Ariel Lumanlan.-Formation and early days:...

) on bass, Jazz Nicolas (Itchyworms
Itchyworms
The Itchyworms is a Filipino rock band whose music is primarily guitar-driven rock with pronounced 1960s and 1980s pop sensibilities and embellished with two- or three-part vocal harmonies...

) on drums and Uela Basco (Chilitees), Katwo Librando (Narda
Narda
Narda was a successful Pinoy rock band, widely seen as one of the visible acts in the Philippine indie rock scene.-History:Ryan Villena had already been playing in several bands in his formative years. He started playing with Tungaw, a four-piece band which frequented Club Dredd in the heyday of...

/Duster) and Raimund Marasigan himself on vocals. Their first single "Ang Sarap Dito" was released on March 2008. According to its members, "The new group was formed because we, as artists, feel that we wanted to create something fresh, especially for the young generation. We all believe in a common goal of being positive and changing the way young people think." Their first and only single was used by Coca-Cola
Coca-Cola
Coca-Cola is a carbonated soft drink sold in stores, restaurants, and vending machines in more than 200 countries. It is produced by The Coca-Cola Company of Atlanta, Georgia, and is often referred to simply as Coke...

 Philippines for television and radio commercials and also by Pinoy Big Brother: Teen Edition Plus
Pinoy Big Brother: Teen Edition Plus
Pinoy Big Brother: Teen Edition Plus was the second edition of Pinoy Big Brother for adolescents 16 to 19 years. It premiered on Easter Sunday, March 23, 2008, and ran for eleven weeks, ending on June 7 of the same year....

.

Squid 9

Squid 9 is a hip-hop influenced band that started out as a studio act and is formed from members of the Eraserheads, Monsterbot and Sun Valley Crew among others. It was soon performing live shows as well. Squid 9 released three albums: "Deleted Scenes", "Kraken Modular" and "Ink Jet". Squid 9 is also part of Electronica Manila and often collaborated with the late Wolfmann+. Squid9 Live is composed of Raimund Marasigan on samplers, drum machine and Chaos Pad), Vin Dancel (Twisted Halo and Peryodiko) and Kathy Meneses (Daydreamcycle) on vocals, Buddy Zabala
Buddy Zabala
Hector "Buddy" Avanceña Zabala is the bassist of Filipino new wave band The Dawn, indie band Cambio, and widely known as the bassist of the now disbanded alternative rock band, The Eraserheads.-Eraserheads bassist :...

 (The Dawn
The Dawn (band)
The Dawn is a Filipino rock band which first achieved commercial success during the late 1980s in the Philippines. The band broke up in 1995 with lead vocalist Jett Pangan forming another band, the Jett Pangan Group. The Dawn reunited in late 1999...

, Twisted Halo & Cambio) on bass, keyboards and samplers and Rann Golamco (Drip, Porta, and formerly of Mojofly
MOJOFLY
MOJOFLY is a now defunct pop-rock band from the Philippines.Formed in '99 by bassist Ricci Gurango after his departure from Hungry Young Poets, MOJOFLY reeled in mainstream and alternative crowds alike with the debut album Birth Day and follow-up A Million Stories , both released under Sony BMG...

) on guitars. Marasigan calls his home studio "The Squid Crib".

Planet Garapata

Marasigan started Planet Garapata also in 1996, a short-lived hip-hop and electronica project that featured Eraserheads bassist Buddy Zabala
Buddy Zabala
Hector "Buddy" Avanceña Zabala is the bassist of Filipino new wave band The Dawn, indie band Cambio, and widely known as the bassist of the now disbanded alternative rock band, The Eraserheads.-Eraserheads bassist :...

, Eraserheads sound engineer Mark Laccay and Jeng Tan. The project debuted in Francis M
Francis Magalona
Francis Michael Durango Magalona , also known as FrancisM, Master Rapper, MC The Mouth and The Man From Manila, was a Filipino rapper, entrepreneur, songwriter, producer, actor, director, and photographer. He was the first Filipino rapper in the Philippines to cross over to the mainstream...

's 1996 Happy Battle album and featured Marasigan's early rapping skills.

Sun Valley Crew

He is also part of Sun Valley Crew, a hip-hop/rap group with members Ryan Armamento and RJ Seneres on vocals, Uela Basco also on vocals, Mong Alcaraz on guitars, Dan Gil on Rhodes keyboards, Dex Aguila on Drums, Raimund Marasigan on samplers and Ryan Ventura on bass.

Other collaborations

He is often dubbed as “The Philippines’ busiest musician”, with multiple but different, simultaneous bands, in addition to collaborations with various artists such as Francis Magalona, The Pin-Up Girls, Rivermaya, Keltscross, Sugarfree, Itchyworms, Chicosci, Freestyle, Wolfmann, The Dawn, Chillitees, and others.

Marasigan collaborated with Radioactive Sago Project
Radioactive Sago Project
Radioactive Sago Project is a Filipino jazz rock band formed in 1999 in Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines. The band's sound is a fusion of spoken-word poetry, bebop jazz, and punk...

's Lourd de Verya and they created the song "Egis, Er'p!" for a film about Philippine Science High School System
Philippine Science High School System
The Philippine Science High School System is a specialized public high school system in the Philippines that operates as an attached agency of the Philippine Department of Science and Technology....

, titled "Pisay". Marasigan also sang the theme song for UPCAT
University of the Philippines College Admission Test
The University of the Philippines College Admission Test, commonly known as UPCAT, is part of the admission requirements of the University of the Philippines, administered to graduates of Philippine and foreign high schools...

 movie.

Also unknown to many, Raimund (on keyboards and guitars) had a project band with Mark Laccay (bass), Dexter Aguila (drums, now with Chillitees), Thaddeus "Duff" Reantaso (vocals) and Mike Elgar (guitars, before he joined Rivermaya
Rivermaya
Rivermaya is one of the most influential, critically acclaimed and significant Filipino rock band formed in 1993. They are one of the several bands who spearheads the 90s Philippine alternative rock explosion...

), called Blueberry Juice which lasted until 1994.

Raimund is the bassist and percussionist of the new band called Gaijin, fronted by Jesse Grinter (guitars and vocals) and Shinji Tanaka (drums). Gaijin means "foreigner" in Japanese. As the name implies, the group is composed of different artists from different heritages. Raimund is Filipino, Jesse is American, and Shinji is Japanese. Given the multi-national status of the band, their music is also focused towards the international music scene.

He was chosen by ABS-CBN
ABS-CBN
ABS–CBN Corporation is a Philippine-based media conglomerate. It is the Philippines' largest media and entertainment conglomerate. The corporation was the merger of Alto Broadcasting System which at that time owned by James Lindenberg and Antonio Quirino, and the Chronicle Broadcasting Network ...

, together with Rico Blanco
Rico Blanco
Rico Blanco is a Filipino singer, songwriter, musician, record producer, actor, and entrepreneur. As a solo artist and with his former band, Rivermaya, Blanco has so far recorded, written and produced more local and regional number one hits than any other musician since 1994 and has sold over a...

 and Aia de Leon
Imago (band)
Imago is a Filipino pop rock band composed of Aia De Leon, Myrene "Maps" Academia , Tim Cacho and Zach Lucero known for songs such as Akap, Anino, Ewan, Taralets and Sundo.-History:...

, for the theme song of the network's 2010 elections campaign, which calls on Filipinos, especially the youth, to register, vote, and make the 2010 elections work. It also features the “Boto Mo, iPatrol Mo” drumbeat.

Drums and percussions

  • Yamaha Drums
    Yamaha Drums
    Yamaha Drums is a subsidiary of the Yamaha Corporation founded in 1967. The company manufactures acoustic and electronic drum kits as well as percussion instruments, marching band equipment, and drum hardware.-Production:...

  • Drum Workshop
    Drum Workshop
    Drum Workshop is a drum and hardware manufacturing company based in Oxnard, California. Their slogan is "The Drummer's Choice".-History:...

  • Sabian Cymbals & Accessories
  • ZildjianZBT & ZXT
  • Latin Percussion
    Latin Percussion
    Latin Percussion, also known as LP, is a brand of percussion instruments, specializing in ethnic instruments engineered and manufactured to withstand the rigors of use in a drum kit, orchestral percussion section, and similar applications...


Keyboards and synthesizers

  • Roland Corporation
    Roland Corporation
    is a Japanese manufacturer of electronic musical instruments, electronic equipment and software. It was founded by Ikutaro Kakehashi in Osaka on April 18, 1972, with ¥33 million in capital. In 2005 Roland's headquarters relocated to Hamamatsu in Shizuoka Prefecture. Today it has factories in Japan,...

  • Roland JX-10
    Roland JX-10
    The Roland JX-10 was a 12-voice analog synthesizer produced from 1986 to 1989, and was the last true analog synthesizer made by Roland. It is essentially two Roland JX-8P synthesizers put together, along with a 76-note velocity-sensitive keyboard with aftertouch...

  • Roland Fantom X
  • Roland JV-1080
    Roland JV-1080
    The Roland JV-1080 is a Sample-based synthesizer/sound module in the form of a 2U rack design.-Features:...

  • Roland JV-2080
    Roland JV-2080
    The Roland JV-2080, released in 1997, is an expanded and updated version of the popular JV-1080. Based on a sample + synthesis architecture, the JV-2080 provided a rich library of on-board sample material and a strong semi-modular synthesis engine in a commercially viable mass-market product.Used...

  • Roland JX-3P
    Roland JX-3P
    The Roland JX-3P is a synthesizer produced by Roland Corporation of Japan in 1983. It is notable as the one of the company's first products to incorporate a MIDI interface, limited to note-on/note-off data only.-Features:...

  • Roland JX-8P
    Roland JX-8P
    The Roland JX-8P was a 61-keyboard 6-note, velocity and aftertouch sensitive polyphonic synthesizer released by Roland in 1984 to compete against the Yamaha DX7. In many aspects, the JX-8P delivers classic "fat" Roland synth sounds just like instruments as Jupiter-8, Jupiter-6, MKS-80 and the...

  • Korg Karma
    Korg KARMA
    The Korg KARMA music workstation was released in 2001 as a specialised member of the Korg Triton family.Unlike most other Korg workstation names, the KARMA name is rendered in capitals as an acronym for the Kay Algorithmic Realtime Music Architecture...

  • Korg PS-3300
    Korg PS-3300
    The Korg PS-3300 is a polyphonic analog synthesizer produced by Korg, between 1977 and 1981.- History :The Korg PS-3300 is one of the biggest and rarest synthesizers ever made. Only around 50 units were produced by Korg over a 4-year period from 1977 to 1981 after which it was discontinued...

  • Korg M1
    Korg M1
    The Korg M1 is the world's first widely-known music workstation. Its onboard MIDI sequencer and palette of sounds allowed musicians to produce complete professional arrangements...

  • Clavia Nord Electro 2
    Clavia Nord Electro 2
    Clavia Nord Electro 2 is an electronic keyboard developed in Sweden, by Clavia.Like its predecessor, the Clavia Nord Electro, consists of carefully sampled and modelled electro-mechanical keyboards: Electric Pianos and Wurlitzer electric pianos, and Hohner Clavinet are sampled...

  • Yamaha MM6
    Yamaha MM6
    The Yamaha MM6 is a Mid-Range synthesizer manufactured by the Yamaha Corporation, and was first introduced in January 2007. The MM6 includes fairly high quality samples for the price of the keyboard, however it is still a professional level piece of equipment. The default samples that ship on board...

  • Yamaha CS2x
    Yamaha CS2x
    The Yamaha CS2x is a sample-based synthesizer released by the Yamaha Corporation in 1999. It is the successor of the very successful Yamaha CS1x. Enhancements include 64-note polyphony, a bigger sample ROM and a 24 Db/oct LPF/HPF filter.-External links:**...

  • Yamaha RM1x
    Yamaha RM1x
    The Yamaha RM1x is a groovebox manufactured by Yamaha from 1999 to 2002. It integrates several, commonly separate, pieces of music composition and performance hardware into a single unit: a step-programmable drum machine, a synthesizer, a music sequencer, and a control surface.The front panel of...

  • Keytar
    Keytar
    A keytar is a relatively lightweight keyboard that is supported by a strap around the neck and shoulders, similar to the way a guitar is supported by a strap. Keytars allow players a greater range of movement compared to conventional keyboards, which are placed on stands...


Television

He is also the voice behind the character of Taira Yoshiyuki in the Philippine-edition of BECK: Mongolian Chop Squad
BECK: Mongolian Chop Squad
BECK is a manga by Harold Sakuishi published by Kodansha in Monthly Shōnen Magazine. It was adapted as an anime television series with the title BECK: Mongolian Chop Squad...

aired in Hero TV.

After some various TV appearances as a host, such as being a guest host and part of Studio 23
Studio 23
Studio 23 is a Filipino television network owned by the ABS-CBN Corporation. The network is named for its flagship station in Metro Manila, DWAC-TV, which is carried on UHF channel 23...

's Breakfast, Marasigan was picked by Myx to be the first and current host of Myx Tugtugan. He is also the "Songwriting Teacher" for ABS-CBN
ABS-CBN
ABS–CBN Corporation is a Philippine-based media conglomerate. It is the Philippines' largest media and entertainment conglomerate. The corporation was the merger of Alto Broadcasting System which at that time owned by James Lindenberg and Antonio Quirino, and the Chronicle Broadcasting Network ...

's Pinoy Dream Academy
Pinoy Dream Academy
Pinoy Dream Academy is the Philippine version of Endemol's Operación Triunfo . The format is similar to Big Brother, where a set number of finalists would live inside the Academy for four months and will be trained by guest teachers to be multimedia performers...

.

Personal life

He was with Jeng Tan (bassist of The Pin-up Girls) for a very long time, but then lived-in with Sandwich
Sandwich
A sandwich is a food item, typically consisting of two or more slices of :bread with one or more fillings between them, or one slice of bread with a topping or toppings, commonly called an open sandwich. Sandwiches are a widely popular type of lunch food, typically taken to work or school, or...

 and Imago
Imago
In biology, the imago is the last stage of development of an insect, after the last ecdysis of an incomplete metamorphosis, or after emergence from the pupa where the metamorphosis is complete...

 bassist Myrene Academia from 2000-2008. The two are married with a daughter named Atari Kim.
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