Provincial heads of Eritrea
Encyclopedia
List of Provincial, Colonial and Federal Heads of Eritrea
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)Asmara
| Term | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Ethiopia | ||
| 1875 to 1879 | Wolde Mikael, Governor | |
| 1879 to 1890 | Ras Alula Engida Alula Engida Ras Alula Engida was a general and Ethiopian politician... , Governor |
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Assab
| Term | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Assab | ||
| December 1882 to 28 June 1885 | Giulio Pestalozza, Commandant | |
| 1885 to ???? | Giovanni Branchi, Commissioner | |
Habesh eyaleti (Ottoman Province of Habesh) / Massawa Province
WaliWali
Walī , is an Arabic word meaning "custodian", "protector", "sponsor", or authority as denoted by its definition "crown". "Wali" is someone who has "Walayah" over somebody else. For example, in Fiqh the father is wali of his children. In Islam, the phrase ولي الله walīyu 'llāh...
= Governor
| Term | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Massawa | Ottoman Ottoman Empire The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries... Province |
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| ante1687 to ante1706 | Musa, Na’ib of Arkiko Arkiko Arkiko is a town in the Northern Red Sea region of Eritrea. Situated on the Red Sea, it lies on the mainland across from the island of Massawa.-Overview:... , Wali of Massawa Massawa Massawa, also known as Mitsiwa Massawa, also known as Mitsiwa Massawa, also known as Mitsiwa (Ge'ez ምጽዋዕ , formerly ባጽዕ is a city on the Red Sea coast of Eritrea. An important port for many centuries, it was ruled by a succession of polities, including the Axumite Empire, the Umayyad Caliphate,... |
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| ???? to ???? | …, Na’ib of Arkiko, Wali of Massawa | |
| c.1793 | Ahmad, Na’ib of Arkiko, Wali of Massawa | |
| 1793 to 1813 | ..., Na’ib of Arkiko, Wali of Massawa | |
| Egyptian occupation | Egypt Egypt Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world... itself nominally within Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries... |
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| 1813 to 1826 | ..., Na’ib of Arkiko, Wali of Massawa | |
| 1826 to 1832 | ..., Na’ib of Arkiko | |
| 1832 to 1833 | Turkci Bilmaz, Na’ib of Arkiko | In rebellion |
| 18?? to 1844 | Yahya, Na’ib of Arkiko | |
| 1844 to 1845 | Hasan Na’ib of Arkiko | |
| 1845 to 1846 | Muhammad Na’ib of Arkiko | |
| 1846 to 1848 | Isma'il Hakki Pasha Na’ib of Arkiko | |
| Ottoman Ottoman Empire The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries... Suzerainty |
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| 1848 to 1861 | ..., Wali of Massawa | |
| 1861 to 1863 | Muhammad Rasih Bey, Wali of Massawa | |
| Egypt Egypt Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world... ian Province |
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| 1866 to 1867 | Hasan Bey Rifaat, Wali of Massawa | |
| 1867 to 18?? | Abdelkader, Wali of Massawa | |
| 18?? to 1871 | Aladdin Pasha Siddiq, Wali of Massawa | |
| 1871 to 1873 | Werner Munzinger Pasha Werner Munzinger Werner Munzinger was a Swiss administrator and explorer of the Horn of Africa.-Biography:... , Wali of Massawa, then Governor-General of the Eastern Sudan and the Red Sea Coast until November 1875 |
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| 1873 to November 1875 | Arakil Bey Dabroyan, Wali of Massawa | |
| 1875 to 18?? | ..., Wali of Massawa | |
| 18?? to December 1882 | Hursid Bey Pertev, Wali of Massawa | |
| 1883 to 1884 | Muhammad Muhtar Pasha, Wali of Massawa | |
| 1884 | Mason Bey, Wali of Massawa | |
| 1884 | Admiral Hewett William Nathan Wrighte Hewett Vice Admiral Sir William Nathan Wrighte Hewett VC, KCB, KCSI was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.-Life:Hewett was born at Brighton to Dr. William Hewett,... , Acting governor of Massawa (made the British Protectorate over this province reality) |
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| 1884 to 1885 | Izzet Bey, Wali of Massawa | |
| Italian Suzerainty | ||
| 1885 to 1885 | A. Caimi, Commandant | |
| 5 February 1885 to 6 February 1885 | Saletta Tancredi, Commandant | 1st Term |
| 6 February 1885 to 14 November 1885 | Saletta Tancredi, Commandant | 1st Term (contd.) |
| 5 December 1885 to 22 April 1887 | Carlo Gené, Superior Commandant | |
| 22 April 1887 to 10 November 1887 | Saletta Tancredi | 2nd Term |
| November 1887 to 1888 | Alessandro Asinari di San Marzano | |
| Assab Protectorate | ||
| 1888 to 20 December 1889 | Antonio Baldissera | |
| 20 December 1889 to 1 January 1890 | Baldassare Orero, Commandant | |
Eritrea
| Term | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Eritrea | Italian Colony | |
| 1 January 1890 to 30 June 1890 | Baldassare Orero, Commandant | |
| 30 June 1890 to 28 February 1892 | Antonio Gandolfi, Commandant | |
| 28 February 1892 to 22 February 1896 | Oreste Baratieri Oreste Baratieri Oreste Baratieri was an Italian general and governor of Eritrea who led the Italian army and was defeated in the First Italo–Ethiopian War's Battle of Adowa.-Early career:... , Commandant |
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| 22 February 1896 to 16 December 1897 | Antonio Baldissera, Governor | |
| 16 December 1897 to 25 March 1907 | Ferdinando Martini Ferdinando Martini -Biography:Born in Florence, he worked as journalist and writer. He collaboreated to Il Fanfulla and in 1879 he founded the Fanfulla della domenica literary supplement, which he directed until 1882; he was also editor of La Domenica letteraria from 1882 al 1885 and professor at the University of... , Governor |
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| 25 March 1907 to 17 August 1915 | Giuseppe Salvago Raggi, Governor | |
| 17 August 1915 to 16 September 1916 | Giovanni Cherina Ferroni, acting Governor | 1st Term |
| 16 September 1916 to 20 July 1919 | Giacomo De Martino Giacomo De Martino Baron Giacomo de Martino was the Envoy of Italy to the United States during the regime of Benito Mussolini. On January 23, 1927 he traveled to Chicago, and spent several days touring the city addressing the Italian community and explaining Fascism.... , Governor |
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| 20 July 1919 to 20 November 1920 | Camillo De Camillis, Governor | |
| 20 November 1920 to 14 April 1921 | Ludovico Pollera, Governor | |
| 14 April 1921 to 1 June 1923 | Giovanni Cherina Ferroni, Governor | 2nd Term |
| 1 June 1923 to 1 June 1928 | Jacopo Gasparini, Governor | |
| 1 June 1928 to 11 July 1930 | Corrado Zoli, Governor | |
| 11 July 1930 to 15 January 1935 | Riccardo Astuto dei Duchi di Lucchesi, Governor | |
| 15 January 1935 to 18 January 1935 | Ottone Gabeli, acting Governor | |
| 18 January 1935 to 22 November 1935 | Emilio De Bono Emilio De Bono Emilio De Bono was an Italian General, fascist activist, Marshal, and member of the Fascist Grand Council . De Bono fought in the Italo-Turkish War, World War I, and the Second Italo-Abyssinian War.-Early life:De Bono was born in Cassano d'Adda... , Governor |
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| 22 November 1935 to 22 May 1936 | Pietro Badoglio Pietro Badoglio Pietro Badoglio, 1st Duke of Addis Abeba, 1st Marquess of Sabotino was an Italian soldier and politician... , Governor |
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| 1 June 1936 to 1 April 1937 | Alfredo Guzzoni Alfredo Guzzoni Alfredo Guzzoni was an Italian military officer who served in both World War I and World War II.-Italian Army:Guzzoni joined the Italian Royal Army and fought in World War I.... , Governor |
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| 1 April 1937 to 15 December 1937 | Vincenzo De Feo, Governor | |
| 15 December 1937 to 2 June 1940 | Giuseppe Daodice, Governor | |
| 2 June 1940 to 19 May 1941 | Luigi Frusci Luigi Frusci Luigi Frusci was an officer in the Italian Royal Army during World War II.Frusci fought on the southern front for General Rodolfo Graziani during the Second Italo-Abyssinian War... , acting Governor |
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| Eritrea | British Administration | |
| 5 February 1941 to 4 May 1942 | Sir William Platt William Platt General Sir William Platt GBE, KCB, DSO was an officer in the British Army, the Australian Army, and the New Zealand Army during World War I and World War II.-Early years:... , Administrator |
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| 4 May 1942 to 9 November 1944 | Stephen Hemsley Longrigg Stephen Hemsley Longrigg Stephen Hemsley Longrigg was a British military governor, petroleum company manager and a leading authority on the history of oil in the Middle East... , Administrator |
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| 9 November 1944 to 14 August 1945 | C.D. McCarthy, Administrator | |
| 14 August 1945 to 1 November 1946 | John Meredith Benoy, Administrator | |
| 1 November 1946 to 19 February 1951 | Francis Greville Drew, Administrator | |
| 19 February 1951 to 15 September 1952 | Duncan Camerone Cumming, Chief Administrator | |
| Eritrea | Ethiopian Federation | |
| 15 September 1952 to 29 July 1955 | Tedla Bairu Tedla Bairu Tedla Bairu was an Eritrean political figure. He was the last independent head of state of Eritrea in 1952. He was then the first Chief Executive of Eritrea from 1952 in federation with Ethiopia, until he resigned in 1955. He was described as an "opportunist" by his opponents for his unwavering... , Chief Executive |
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| 8 August 1955 to December 1959 | Asfaha Woldemikael, Chief Executive | |
| December 1959 to 20 May 1960 | Abiye Abebe Abiye Abebe Abiye Abebe was an Ethiopian politician and son-in-law of Emperor Haile Selassie. During the 1940s and 1950s he was Minister of War, and later served as Minister of Justice and Minister of the Interior... , Chief Executive |
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| 20 May 1960 to 14 November 1962 | Abiye Abebe Abiye Abebe Abiye Abebe was an Ethiopian politician and son-in-law of Emperor Haile Selassie. During the 1940s and 1950s he was Minister of War, and later served as Minister of Justice and Minister of the Interior... , Chief Administrator |
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| Eritrea | Ethiopian Province | |
| 14 November 1962 to 1964 | Abiye Abebe Abiye Abebe Abiye Abebe was an Ethiopian politician and son-in-law of Emperor Haile Selassie. During the 1940s and 1950s he was Minister of War, and later served as Minister of Justice and Minister of the Interior... , Governor-General |
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| 1964 to December 1970 | Ras Asrate Medhin Kassa, Governor-General | |
| December 1970 to August 1974 | General Debebe Haile Maryam, Governor-General | |
| August 1974 to 29 May 19?? | Amanuel Amde Mikael, Governor-General | |
| August 19?? to 29 May 19?? | Major Dawit Wolde Giorgis, Governor-General | |
| August 19?? to 18 May 1989 | General Afework Wolemikael, Governor-General | |
| August 1989 to 29 May 1991 | General Tesfaye Gebre Kidan Tesfaye Gebre Kidan Tesfaye Gebre Kidan was an Ethiopian general who was President of Ethiopia for one week in late May 1991.Tesfaye was a student at Holetta Military Academy, where he met Mengistu Haile Mariam; according to Gebru Tareke, along with Legesse Asfaw and Gebreyes Wolde Hana Tesfaye was part of Mengistu's... , Governor-General |
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For continuation after independence, see: Heads of State of Eritrea
Heads of state of Eritrea
This page contains a list of the heads of state of Eritrea.-Presidents of Eritrea :-Affiliations:-External links:*...