Ponthieva
Encyclopedia
Ponthieva is a genus form the orchid family (Orchidaceae
). They are named after Henri de Ponthieu, a French merchant who sent West Indian plant collections to Sir Joseph Banks
in 1778.
This genus occurs from the southern states of the USA to Mexico, the Caribbean and tropical America. They are mainly terrestrial plants with sympodial
growth, but some are epiphyte
s.
Their fibrous root show long and soft hairs. Some of the branches are thickened. The simple stem
grows from rhizome
s and carries thin, basal leaves
with a slight to a somewhat longer stalk. The few to many, erect flower
s grow on bracteate peduncles in a terminal raceme
. Their dorsal sepal
is slightly joined to the petal
s at the apex. The petals are free or sometimes fused to lower flanks of the column
. The lateral sepals are distinct or joined.
The clawed lip
is fused to the base of the short column
. This is semiterete, i.e in the form of a cylinder, rounded on one side and flat on the other. It is slightly winged towards the pointed apex.
There are four, yellow, club-shaped pollinia
that are joined in pairs.
Orchidaceae
The Orchidaceae, commonly referred to as the orchid family, is a morphologically diverse and widespread family of monocots in the order Asparagales. Along with the Asteraceae, it is one of the two largest families of flowering plants, with between 21,950 and 26,049 currently accepted species,...
). They are named after Henri de Ponthieu, a French merchant who sent West Indian plant collections to Sir Joseph Banks
Joseph Banks
Sir Joseph Banks, 1st Baronet, GCB, PRS was an English naturalist, botanist and patron of the natural sciences. He took part in Captain James Cook's first great voyage . Banks is credited with the introduction to the Western world of eucalyptus, acacia, mimosa and the genus named after him,...
in 1778.
This genus occurs from the southern states of the USA to Mexico, the Caribbean and tropical America. They are mainly terrestrial plants with sympodial
Sympodial
Sympodial means "with conjoined feet", and in biology is often used to refer to the outward morphology or mode of growth of organisms.-In botany:...
growth, but some are epiphyte
Epiphyte
An epiphyte is a plant that grows upon another plant non-parasitically or sometimes upon some other object , derives its moisture and nutrients from the air and rain and sometimes from debris accumulating around it, and is found in the temperate zone and in the...
s.
Their fibrous root show long and soft hairs. Some of the branches are thickened. The simple stem
Plant stem
A stem is one of two main structural axes of a vascular plant. The stem is normally divided into nodes and internodes, the nodes hold buds which grow into one or more leaves, inflorescence , conifer cones, roots, other stems etc. The internodes distance one node from another...
grows from rhizome
Rhizome
In botany and dendrology, a rhizome is a characteristically horizontal stem of a plant that is usually found underground, often sending out roots and shoots from its nodes...
s and carries thin, basal leaves
Leaf
A leaf is an organ of a vascular plant, as defined in botanical terms, and in particular in plant morphology. Foliage is a mass noun that refers to leaves as a feature of plants....
with a slight to a somewhat longer stalk. The few to many, erect flower
Flower
A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants . The biological function of a flower is to effect reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism for the union of sperm with eggs...
s grow on bracteate peduncles in a terminal raceme
Raceme
A raceme is a type of inflorescence that is unbranched and indeterminate and bears pedicellate flowers — flowers having short floral stalks called pedicels — along the axis. In botany, axis means a shoot, in this case one bearing the flowers. In a raceme, the oldest flowers are borne...
. Their dorsal sepal
Sepal
A sepal is a part of the flower of angiosperms . Collectively the sepals form the calyx, which is the outermost whorl of parts that form a flower. Usually green, sepals have the typical function of protecting the petals when the flower is in bud...
is slightly joined to the petal
Petal
Petals are modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers. They often are brightly colored or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. Together, all of the petals of a flower are called a corolla. Petals are usually accompanied by another set of special leaves called sepals lying...
s at the apex. The petals are free or sometimes fused to lower flanks of the column
Column
A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a vertical structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. For the purpose of wind or earthquake engineering, columns may be designed to resist lateral forces...
. The lateral sepals are distinct or joined.
The clawed lip
Labellum
Labellum is the Latin diminutive of labium, meaning lip. These are anatomical terms used descriptively in biology, for example in Entomology and botany.-Botany:...
is fused to the base of the short column
Column (botany)
The column, or technically the gynostemium, is a reproductive structure that can be found in several plant families: Aristolochiaceae, Orchidaceae, and Stylidiaceae....
. This is semiterete, i.e in the form of a cylinder, rounded on one side and flat on the other. It is slightly winged towards the pointed apex.
There are four, yellow, club-shaped pollinia
Pollinium
Pollinium, or plural pollinia, is a coherent mass of pollen grains in a plant.They are the product of only one anther, but are transferred, during pollination, as a single unit. This is regularly seen in plants such as orchids and many species of milkweeds .Most orchids have waxy pollinia...
that are joined in pairs.
Species
- Ponthieva andicola Rchb.f. (1876) (Ecuador)
- Ponthieva appendiculata Schltr. (1915) (Ecuador)
- Ponthieva bicornuta C.Schweinf. (1951) (Peru)
- Ponthieva brenesii Schltr. (1923) (Costa Rica, Panama)
- Ponthieva brittoniae Ames (1910) : Britton’s Shadow Witch (Florida, Bahamas, Cuba)
- Ponthieva campestris (Liebm.) Garay (1995) (Mexico)
- Ponthieva collantesii D.E.Benn. & Christenson (1998) (Peru)
- Ponthieva cornuta Rchb.f. (1876) (Bolivia)
- Ponthieva curvilabia Garay (1978) (Ecuador)
- Ponthieva cuyujana Dodson & Hirtz (1989) (Ecuador)
- Ponthieva diptera Linden & Rchb.f. (1854) : Two-winged onthieva (Cuba, Haiti, Jamaica, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)
- Ponthieva disema Schltr. (1915) (Ecuador)
- Ponthieva dunstervillei Foldats (1968) (Venezuela)
- Ponthieva ekmanii Mansf. (1929) (Haiti)
- Ponthieva elegans (Kraenzl.) Schltr. (1912) (Bolivia)
- Ponthieva ephippium Rchb.f. (1857) (Mexico, Guatemala)
- Ponthieva formosa Schltr. (1923) (Mexico, Central America)
- Ponthieva garayana Dodson & R.Vásquez (1989) (Bolivia)
- Ponthieva gimana Dodson (2003) (Ecuador)
- Ponthieva gracilis Renz (1948) (Colombia)
- Ponthieva haitiensis Mansf. (1926) (Haiti)
- Ponthieva hameri Dressler (1998) (El Salvador)
- Ponthieva hassleri Schltr. (1920) (Paraguay)
- Ponthieva hildae R.González & Soltero (1991) (Mexico)
- Ponthieva inaudita Rchb.f. (1876) : Unheard onthieva (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)
- Ponthieva insularis Dressler (2005) (Galapagos Islands)
- Ponthieva keraia Garay & Dunst. (1976) (Venezuela, Ecuador)
- Ponthieva lilacina C.Schweinf., (1941) (Peru)
- Ponthieva maculataPonthieva maculataPonthieva maculata, the Spotted Ponthieva, is a species of orchid found from Venezuela to Ecuador....
Lindl. (1845) : Spotted Ponthieva (Venezuela, Ecuador) - Ponthieva mandonii Rchb.f. (1878) (Peru to NW Argentina)
- Ponthieva microglossa Schltr. (1920) (Colombia)
- Ponthieva nigricans Schltr. (1917) (Ecuador)
- Ponthieva oligoneura Schltr. (1921) (Peru)
- Ponthieva ovatilabia C.Schweinf. (1961) (Venezuela, Guyana)
- Ponthieva parvilabris (Lindl.) Rchb.f. (1878) : Small-lipped onthieva (Venezuela, Ecuador)
- Ponthieva parvula Schltr. (1912) (Mexico, Guatemala)
- Ponthieva pauciflora (Sw.) Fawc. & Rendle (1910) (Caribbean)
- Ponthieva petiolataPonthieva petiolataPonthieva petiolata is a species of orchid native to the Lesser Antilles....
Lindl., Bot. Reg. 9: t. 760 (1824) (Lesser Antiles) - Ponthieva phaenoleuca (Barb.Rodr.) Cogn. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.) (1895) (Brazil)
- Ponthieva pilosissima (Senghas) Dodson (1996) : Hairy Ponthieva (Ecuador)
- Ponthieva poitaei Rchb.f. ex Nir (2000) (Dominican Republic)
- Ponthieva pseudoracemosa Garay (1978) (Ecuador, Peru)
- Ponthieva pubescens (C.Presl) C.Schweinf. (1970) (Ecuador, Peru, Brazil)
- Ponthieva pulchella Schltr. (1918) (Mexico, Guatemala)
- Ponthieva racemosaPonthieva racemosaPonthieva racemosa, commonly called the Hairy Shadow Witch or Racemose Ponthieva, is a species of orchid found from the southeastern United States to Mexico and tropical America....
(Walter) C.Mohr : Hairy Shadow Witch, Racemose onthieva (SE USA, Mexico, tropical America) - Ponthieva rinconii Salazar (2005) (Mexico)
- Ponthieva rostrata Lindl. (1845) (Ecuador, Peru)
- Ponthieva schaffneri (Rchb.f.) E.W.Greenw. (1990) (Mexico, Guatemala)
- Ponthieva similis C.Schweinf. (1941) (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)
- Ponthieva sprucei Cogn. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.) (1895) (Peru)
- Ponthieva sylvicola Rchb.f. (1876) (Ecuador)
- Ponthieva triloba Schltr. (1910) : Three-lobed Lip Ponthieva (Mexico, El Salvador)
- Ponthieva trilobata (L.O.Williams) L.O.Williams (1972) (Mexico, Guatemala)
- Ponthieva tuerckheimii Schltr. (1906) (Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama)
- Ponthieva tunguraguae Garay (1978) (Ecuador)
- Ponthieva unguiculata Ames & C.Schweinf. (1925) (Bolivia)
- Ponthieva vasquezii Dodson (1989) (Bolivia)
- Ponthieva ventricosa (Griseb.) Fawc. & Rendle (1910) : Smooth Shadow Witch (Caribbean)
- Ponthieva venusta Schltr. (1921) (Ecuador, Peru)
- Ponthieva villosa Lindl. in G.Bentham (1845) (Ecuador, Peru)
- Ponthieva viridilimbata Dressler (2005) (Ecuador)
- Ponthieva weberbaueri Schltr. (1921) (Peru)