Plumbide
Encyclopedia
A plumbide can refer to one of two things: an intermetallic compound that contains lead
, or a Zintl phase
compound with lead as the anion.
reacts with sodium
and lead in ethylenediamine to produce [Na(crypt)]2+[Pb5]2−, which is red in solution.
Lead can also create anions with tin
, in a series of anions with the formula [Sn9−xPbx]4−.
Lead can also form the [Pb9]4− anion, which is emerald green in solution.
of 12 in the crystal structure of this compound. It is bound to four rhodium
s, six caesium
s, and two other lead atoms in the crystal structure of the chemical.
Several other plumbides are the M2Pd2Pb plumbides, where M is a rare earth element
, and the intermetallic additionally contains a palladium
. These plumbides tend to exhibit antiferromagnetism, and all of them are conductors.
A third plumbide is Ti6Pb4.8. Like the above plumbides, it is an intermetallic, but it only contains titanium
as the other metal, and not any rare earths.
Plumbides can also be Zintl phase
compounds, such as [K(18-crown-6)]2K2Pb9·(en)1.5. This is not a simple Zintl compound, but rather contains the organic molecules 18-crown-6
and ethylenediamine (en) in order to stabilize the crystal structure.
Lead
Lead is a main-group element in the carbon group with the symbol Pb and atomic number 82. Lead is a soft, malleable poor metal. It is also counted as one of the heavy metals. Metallic lead has a bluish-white color after being freshly cut, but it soon tarnishes to a dull grayish color when exposed...
, or a Zintl phase
Zintl phase
In chemistry a Zintl phase is the product of a reaction between*group 1 or group 2 and*post transition metals or metalloids from group 13, 14, 15 or 16....
compound with lead as the anion.
Zintl phase
Plumbides can be formed when lead forms a Zintl phase compound with a more metallic element. One salt that can be formed this way is when cryptandCryptand
Cryptands are a family of synthetic bi- and polycyclic multidentate ligands for a variety of cations. The Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1987 was given to Donald J. Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn, and Charles J. Pedersen for their efforts in discovering and determining uses of cryptands and crown ethers,...
reacts with sodium
Sodium
Sodium is a chemical element with the symbol Na and atomic number 11. It is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal and is a member of the alkali metals; its only stable isotope is 23Na. It is an abundant element that exists in numerous minerals, most commonly as sodium chloride...
and lead in ethylenediamine to produce [Na(crypt)]2+[Pb5]2−, which is red in solution.
Lead can also create anions with tin
Tin
Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn and atomic number 50. It is a main group metal in group 14 of the periodic table. Tin shows chemical similarity to both neighboring group 14 elements, germanium and lead and has two possible oxidation states, +2 and the slightly more stable +4...
, in a series of anions with the formula [Sn9−xPbx]4−.
Lead can also form the [Pb9]4− anion, which is emerald green in solution.
Examples
An example of a plumbide is CeRhPb. The lead atom has a coordination numberCoordination number
In chemistry and crystallography, the coordination number of a central atom in a molecule or crystal is the number of its nearest neighbours. This number is determined somewhat differently for molecules and for crystals....
of 12 in the crystal structure of this compound. It is bound to four rhodium
Rhodium
Rhodium is a chemical element that is a rare, silvery-white, hard and chemically inert transition metal and a member of the platinum group. It has the chemical symbol Rh and atomic number 45. It is composed of only one isotope, 103Rh. Naturally occurring rhodium is found as the free metal, alloyed...
s, six caesium
Caesium
Caesium or cesium is the chemical element with the symbol Cs and atomic number 55. It is a soft, silvery-gold alkali metal with a melting point of 28 °C , which makes it one of only five elemental metals that are liquid at room temperature...
s, and two other lead atoms in the crystal structure of the chemical.
Several other plumbides are the M2Pd2Pb plumbides, where M is a rare earth element
Rare earth element
As defined by IUPAC, rare earth elements or rare earth metals are a set of seventeen chemical elements in the periodic table, specifically the fifteen lanthanides plus scandium and yttrium...
, and the intermetallic additionally contains a palladium
Palladium
Palladium is a chemical element with the chemical symbol Pd and an atomic number of 46. It is a rare and lustrous silvery-white metal discovered in 1803 by William Hyde Wollaston. He named it after the asteroid Pallas, which was itself named after the epithet of the Greek goddess Athena, acquired...
. These plumbides tend to exhibit antiferromagnetism, and all of them are conductors.
A third plumbide is Ti6Pb4.8. Like the above plumbides, it is an intermetallic, but it only contains titanium
Titanium
Titanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ti and atomic number 22. It has a low density and is a strong, lustrous, corrosion-resistant transition metal with a silver color....
as the other metal, and not any rare earths.
Plumbides can also be Zintl phase
Zintl phase
In chemistry a Zintl phase is the product of a reaction between*group 1 or group 2 and*post transition metals or metalloids from group 13, 14, 15 or 16....
compounds, such as [K(18-crown-6)]2K2Pb9·(en)1.5. This is not a simple Zintl compound, but rather contains the organic molecules 18-crown-6
18-Crown-6
18-Crown-6 is an organic compound with the formula [C2H4O]6 and the IUPAC name of 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane. The compound is a crown ether. Crown ethers coordinate some metal cations in their central cavity; 18-crown-6 displays a particular affinity for potassium cations. The synthesis...
and ethylenediamine (en) in order to stabilize the crystal structure.