Piccolomini is a prominent lunar impact crater

Impact crater

In the broadest sense, the term impact crater can be applied to any depression, natural or manmade, resulting from the high velocity impact of a projectile with a larger body...

 located in the southeastern sector of the Moon. The crater Rothmann

Rothmann (crater)

Rothmann is an impact crater that is located in the southeastern part of the Moon's near side, about one crater diameter to the southwest of the Rupes Altai scarp. To the southwest is the slightly larger crater Lindenau....

 lies to the west-southwest, and to the south is Stiborius

Stiborius (crater)

Stiborius is a lunar impact crater that lies to the south-southwest of the crater Piccolomini, in the southeastern quadrant of the Moon's near side. To the south-southwest of Stiborius is the smaller Wöhler. Stiborius is 44 kilometers in diameter and 3.7 kilometers deep.The rim of this crater is...

. The lengthy Rupes Altai

Rupes Altai

Rupes Altai is an escarpment in the lunar surface that is located in the southeastern quadrant of the Moon's near side. It is named for the Altai Mountains in Asia. The selenographic coordinates of this feature are , and it has a length of about 427 km....

 begins at the western rim of Piccolomini, curving to the northwest. The crater is named after 16th century Italian

Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

 Archbishop and astronomer Alessandro Piccolomini

Alessandro Piccolomini

Alessandro Piccolomini was an Italian humanist and philosopher from Siena, who promoted the popularization in the vernacular of Latin and Greek scientific and philosophical treatises...

. It is 88 kilometers in diameter and 4,500 meters deep. It is from the Upper Imbrian

Upper Imbrian

In the Lunar geologic timescale, the Late Imbrian epoch occurred between 3800 million years ago to about 3200 million years ago. It was the epoch during which the mantle below the lunar basins partially melted and filled them with basalt...

period, 3.8 to 3.2 billion years ago.

The crater rim has not been severely worn by crater impacts, and the inner wall possesses wide terraces. These structures have been somewhat smoothed by landslips and erosion, most likely induced by seismic activity. An influx of material has entered across the northern rim, flowing down toward the base. The crater floor is relatively smooth, with only minor hills and impact craters. In the middle is a complex central peak surrounded by lesser mounts. The main peak rises to a height of 2.0 kilometers above the surrounding floor.

Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater mid-point that is closest to Piccolomini.

Piccolomini	Latitude	Longitude	Diameter
A	26.4° S	30.4° E	16 km
B	25.8° S	30.5° E	12 km
C	27.6° S	31.1° E	26 km
D	26.9° S	32.2° E	17 km
E	26.1° S	31.8° E	18 km
F	26.3° S	31.8° E	72 km
G	27.2° S	34.7° E	18 km
H	27.9° S	27.6° E	9 km
J	25.0° S	30.1° E	28 km
K	25.7° S	29.7° E	8 km
L	26.1° S	33.7° E	12 km
M	27.8° S	31.8° E	23 km
N	27.3° S	26.2° E	9 km
O	26.6° S	30.5° E	11 km
P	30.4° S	35.9° E	12 km
Q	30.8° S	36.4° E	14 km
R	29.3° S	35.3° E	16 km
S	31.6° S	34.1° E	21 km
T	28.5° S	29.0° E	8 km
W	26.8° S	29.2° E	6 km
X	26.9° S	31.5° E	8 km