Paolo di Campofregoso
Encyclopedia
Paolo di Campofregoso was an Italian Catholic archbishop who was four times doge of Genoa
.
. In 1448, once finished his studies, he was appointed as canon of the cathedral of Savona
and in 1453 he became abbot of the Cistercian convent of Sant'Andrea at Savona
. The same year, aged only 26, he was appointed as archbishop of Genoa by request of his brother Pietro
, the current doge. Paolo had become doge a first time in 1450, succeeding his cousing Lodovico
, who had resigned for unknown reasons. His rule ended in 1458 when the city surrendered itself to king Charles VII of France
.
Further strife with his cousin caused Lodovico to cease the title of doge to Paolo on 14 May 1462. His rule ended after just fifteen days, replaced by five captains. The latter, in turn, lasted for only a week, after which Lodovico di Campofregoso was restored as doge: now the hate between Paolo, the city's archbishop, and Ludovico, the city's political chief, reached its apex. Paolo succeeded him as doge in January 1463 and had Ludovico detained in the castle of Castelletto
. The following year, after a series of questionable deeds (such as menacing the expulsion of the Adorno family from Genoa, and the endless strife within the Fregoso family), the Council of the Elder deposed him, accepting the protection of the House of Sforza
, which lasted until 1477.
In 1480 he was created cardinal in Rome
. In that year he participated as papal admiral to an expedition alongside the Neapolitan fleet of Ferdinand I
against the Turks at Otranto
. In 1483 Paolo di Campofregoso was elected as doge of Genoa for the fourth time; however, this time a popular rebellion forced him to flee his city in 1488, being succeeded by another submission to the Sforzas. He subsequently lived in exile in Piedmont
, Veneto
and Rome. In 1490 he received the cardinal title of San Sisto, and took part in the conclave of 1492.
In 1495 he resigned from archbishopric of Genoa, but the following year he was appointed to that post again. In his late life he participated in the struggle to expel Charles VIII of France from Genoa.
Doge of Genoa
The Republic of Genoa, in what is now northern Italy, was technically a communal republic in the early Middle Ages, although it was actually an oligarchy ruled by a small group of merchant families, from whom were selected the Doges of Genoa.- History :...
.
Biography
The son of doge Battista I Campofregoso, he was convinced by Pope Nicholas V to study ecclesiastical matters at PaviaPavia
Pavia , the ancient Ticinum, is a town and comune of south-western Lombardy, northern Italy, 35 km south of Milan on the lower Ticino river near its confluence with the Po. It is the capital of the province of Pavia. It has a population of c. 71,000...
. In 1448, once finished his studies, he was appointed as canon of the cathedral of Savona
Savona
Savona is a seaport and comune in the northern Italian region of Liguria, capital of the Province of Savona, in the Riviera di Ponente on the Mediterranean Sea....
and in 1453 he became abbot of the Cistercian convent of Sant'Andrea at Savona
Savona
Savona is a seaport and comune in the northern Italian region of Liguria, capital of the Province of Savona, in the Riviera di Ponente on the Mediterranean Sea....
. The same year, aged only 26, he was appointed as archbishop of Genoa by request of his brother Pietro
Pietro di Campofregoso
Pietro Campofregoso was doge of Genoa from 1450 to 1458.-Biography:He was a grandson of Tommaso di Campofregoso, he was a vassal of the Visconti as lord of Gavi. Married to Bartolomea Grimaldi, he had six sons, one of which, Battista II, was later also doge of Genoa.He was elected as doge on 8...
, the current doge. Paolo had become doge a first time in 1450, succeeding his cousing Lodovico
Lodovico di Campofregoso
Lodovico di Campofregoso was an Italian nobleman who was three times doge of Genoa.-Biography:The son of Bartolomeo di Campofregoso and Caterina Ordelaffi, he was the brother of Giano I di Campofregoso. He studied under humanist Bartolomeo Ivani, who later was also educator of his sons...
, who had resigned for unknown reasons. His rule ended in 1458 when the city surrendered itself to king Charles VII of France
Charles VII of France
Charles VII , called the Victorious or the Well-Served , was King of France from 1422 to his death, though he was initially opposed by Henry VI of England, whose Regent, the Duke of Bedford, ruled much of France including the capital, Paris...
.
Further strife with his cousin caused Lodovico to cease the title of doge to Paolo on 14 May 1462. His rule ended after just fifteen days, replaced by five captains. The latter, in turn, lasted for only a week, after which Lodovico di Campofregoso was restored as doge: now the hate between Paolo, the city's archbishop, and Ludovico, the city's political chief, reached its apex. Paolo succeeded him as doge in January 1463 and had Ludovico detained in the castle of Castelletto
Castelletto
Castelletto is the name of a number of places in Italy:* Castelletto Cervo, province of Biella* Castelletto d'Erro, province of Alessandria* Castelletto di Branduzzo, province of Pavia* Castelletto d'Orba, province of Alessandria...
. The following year, after a series of questionable deeds (such as menacing the expulsion of the Adorno family from Genoa, and the endless strife within the Fregoso family), the Council of the Elder deposed him, accepting the protection of the House of Sforza
House of Sforza
Sforza was a ruling family of Renaissance Italy, based in Milan.-History:The dynasty was founded by Muzio Attendolo , called Sforza , a condottiero from Romagna serving the Angevin kings of Naples...
, which lasted until 1477.
In 1480 he was created cardinal in Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
. In that year he participated as papal admiral to an expedition alongside the Neapolitan fleet of Ferdinand I
Ferdinand I of Naples
Ferdinand I , also called Don Ferrante, was the King of Naples from 1458 to 1494. He was the natural son of Alfonso V of Aragon by Giraldona Carlino.-Biography:...
against the Turks at Otranto
Otranto
Otranto is a town and comune in the province of Lecce , in a fertile region once famous for its breed of horses.It is located on the east coast of the Salento peninsula. The Strait of Otranto, to which the city gives its name, connects the Adriatic Sea with the Ionian Sea and Italy with Albania...
. In 1483 Paolo di Campofregoso was elected as doge of Genoa for the fourth time; however, this time a popular rebellion forced him to flee his city in 1488, being succeeded by another submission to the Sforzas. He subsequently lived in exile in Piedmont
Piedmont
Piedmont is one of the 20 regions of Italy. It has an area of 25,402 square kilometres and a population of about 4.4 million. The capital of Piedmont is Turin. The main local language is Piedmontese. Occitan is also spoken by a minority in the Occitan Valleys situated in the Provinces of...
, Veneto
Veneto
Veneto is one of the 20 regions of Italy. Its population is about 5 million, ranking 5th in Italy.Veneto had been for more than a millennium an independent state, the Republic of Venice, until it was eventually annexed by Italy in 1866 after brief Austrian and French rule...
and Rome. In 1490 he received the cardinal title of San Sisto, and took part in the conclave of 1492.
In 1495 he resigned from archbishopric of Genoa, but the following year he was appointed to that post again. In his late life he participated in the struggle to expel Charles VIII of France from Genoa.
External links
- The Republic of Genoa, rulers retrieved 3 May 2008
- Campofregoso Dogi (Italian) retrieved 3 May 2008