Oleksandr Garmash
Encyclopedia
Oleksandr Andriyovych Harmash (Garmash) (* 1890 — † June 1940) - was a Ukrainian
and Soviet
scientist in the field of production line methods in construction
(construction engineering
), professor of the Dnipropetrovsk Building Institute
.
, including regions of the Dnipropetrovsk oblast
, works in special board on locking the Dnieper river
. Under his projects and supervision there were built the arch and concrete bridge in the Hloba park, buildings of the sewing and shoe factories in Dnipropetrovsk
. He contributed to the creation of the industrial base of the Dnieper Hydroelectric Station
and organization of industrial construction of the Dneprostal enterprise.
He worked as a teacher in the Katerynoslavska Building Technical Evening School, since 1930 - in Dnipropetrovsk Building Institute
on positions of the deputy director on educational and research work, chief of the chairs of organization of construction works, and construction operations. From 1932 – he is a member of editorial board of the editorial-publishing house «State Building Technical Publishing». He works as research supervisor of the scientific and research sector of the Institute. In 1937-1938 he acted as director of the Institute, later – worked as deputy director of the Institute.
Prof. O.A. Harmash worked in the field of production line methods in construction
. His research was focused, among other things, on liquidation of seasonality in construction activities: in 1931 he publishes his book «Construction activities in winter», in 1933 he begins his experimental work on electric heating of concrete. Materials and results of these research projects were presented in his book «Electric heating of concrete». Another important contribution to the line production methods in construction was his work «Organization and mechanization of transport in civil construction work» (1934). In his dissertation «Blast-furnace slags and their rational use» he had for the first time grounded the theory of production line methods in construction. O.A. Harmash had suggested for the first time a theoretical justification for the calculation and design of construction process with the help of mathematical methods (1939).
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
and Soviet
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
scientist in the field of production line methods in construction
Construction
In the fields of architecture and civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure. Far from being a single activity, large scale construction is a feat of human multitasking...
(construction engineering
Construction engineering
Construction engineering is a professional discipline that deals with the designing, planning, construction, and management of infrastructures such as highways, bridges, airports, railroads, buildings, dams, and utilities. Construction Engineers are unique such that they are a cross between civil...
), professor of the Dnipropetrovsk Building Institute
Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
The Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture is one of the major academic institutions of higher education in Ukraine, specializing in engineering and economics, located in Dnipropetrovsk...
.
Life and work
Having graduated from the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute in 1916, Oleksandr Garmash worked on major construction projects of the USSR. He designs and supervises over construction of 15 multiple-arch and concrete bridges in the Ukrainian SSRUkrainian SSR
The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic or in short, the Ukrainian SSR was a sovereign Soviet Socialist state and one of the fifteen constituent republics of the Soviet Union lasting from its inception in 1922 to the breakup in 1991...
, including regions of the Dnipropetrovsk oblast
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast is an oblast of central Ukraine, the most important industrial region of the country. Its administrative center is Dnipropetrovsk....
, works in special board on locking the Dnieper river
Dnieper River
The Dnieper River is one of the major rivers of Europe that flows from Russia, through Belarus and Ukraine, to the Black Sea.The total length is and has a drainage basin of .The river is noted for its dams and hydroelectric stations...
. Under his projects and supervision there were built the arch and concrete bridge in the Hloba park, buildings of the sewing and shoe factories in Dnipropetrovsk
Dnipropetrovsk
Dnipropetrovsk or Dnepropetrovsk formerly Yekaterinoslav is Ukraine's third largest city with one million inhabitants. It is located southeast of Ukraine's capital Kiev on the Dnieper River, in the south-central region of the country...
. He contributed to the creation of the industrial base of the Dnieper Hydroelectric Station
Dnieper Hydroelectric Station
The Dnieper Hydroelectric Station is the largest hydroelectric power station on the Dnieper River, placed in Zaporizhia, Ukraine.- Early Plans :In the lower current of the Dnieper River there were almost 100 km long part of the river filled with rapids...
and organization of industrial construction of the Dneprostal enterprise.
He worked as a teacher in the Katerynoslavska Building Technical Evening School, since 1930 - in Dnipropetrovsk Building Institute
Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
The Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture is one of the major academic institutions of higher education in Ukraine, specializing in engineering and economics, located in Dnipropetrovsk...
on positions of the deputy director on educational and research work, chief of the chairs of organization of construction works, and construction operations. From 1932 – he is a member of editorial board of the editorial-publishing house «State Building Technical Publishing». He works as research supervisor of the scientific and research sector of the Institute. In 1937-1938 he acted as director of the Institute, later – worked as deputy director of the Institute.
Prof. O.A. Harmash worked in the field of production line methods in construction
Construction engineering
Construction engineering is a professional discipline that deals with the designing, planning, construction, and management of infrastructures such as highways, bridges, airports, railroads, buildings, dams, and utilities. Construction Engineers are unique such that they are a cross between civil...
. His research was focused, among other things, on liquidation of seasonality in construction activities: in 1931 he publishes his book «Construction activities in winter», in 1933 he begins his experimental work on electric heating of concrete. Materials and results of these research projects were presented in his book «Electric heating of concrete». Another important contribution to the line production methods in construction was his work «Organization and mechanization of transport in civil construction work» (1934). In his dissertation «Blast-furnace slags and their rational use» he had for the first time grounded the theory of production line methods in construction. O.A. Harmash had suggested for the first time a theoretical justification for the calculation and design of construction process with the help of mathematical methods (1939).
Publications
He is the author of the following works:- А. А. Garmash. Construction work. — Part I.: Concreting in frost. — 1931.
- А. А. Garmash. Organization and mechanization of transport in civil construction work. — 1934.
- А. А. Garmash. Theory of construction process. — 1939.
Further reading
- Гармаш Олександр Андрійович // Вісник ПДАБтаА. — 1998. — № 4. — С. 9.
- History of Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineernig and Architecture
- Развитие строительной науки и техники в Украинской ССР: в 3 т. – Т.2.: Строительная наука и техника в Украинской ССР в 1917-1941 гг. – К.:1990.
- Soviet Ukraine. – Kiev: Chief Editorial Board of the Ukrainian Soviet EncyclopediaUkrainian Soviet EncyclopediaUkrainian Soviet Encyclopedia - was a multi purpose Encyclopedia of Ukraine, issued in the USSR.Following the publication of the first volume of the Ukrainian General Encyclopedia in Lviv, Ukraine the Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia was commissioned by Mykola Skrypnyk...
, 1969. – P. 451.