Nuffield, Oxfordshire
Encyclopedia
Nuffield is a village and civil parish in the Chiltern Hills
in South Oxfordshire
, just over 4 miles (6.4 km) east of Wallingford.
path runs through the village. The section of the Ridgeway west of the village follows the ancient Grim's Ditch.
The Church of England parish church
of the Holy Trinity
was originally Norman
. Some masonry from this period survives on the south side of the nave
. In the 14th century the church was rebuilt and the north aisle was added. The Gothic Revival architect
Benjamin Ferrey
restored the chancel
in 1845.
The road between Henley and Wallingford passes through the parish just north of Nuffield. It was made into a turnpike
in 1736 and ceased to be a turnpike in 1873. It is now classified the A4130
.
Huntercombe Place is an Edwardian era Tudor style
house designed by Oswald Milne, a former assistant to the Arts and Crafts Movement
architect Edwin Lutyens
and completed in 1910. Huntercombe Place is now part of HMYOI Huntercombe
.
Nuffield Place is a house completed in 1914. Lord Nuffield
had it enlarged in 1933 and lived there until his death in 1963. He was buried at the parish church, and bequeathed Nuffield Place and its contents to Nuffield College, Oxford
as a museum. The college has gifted the house and part of the estate to the National Trust
.
, The Crown. Huntercombe Golf Club is in the parish.
The Ridgeway is now a long-distance footpath
. Another long-distance footpath, the Chiltern Way
, passes through the northern part of the parish.
Chiltern Hills
The Chiltern Hills form a chalk escarpment in South East England. They are known locally as "the Chilterns". A large portion of the hills was designated officially as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty in 1965.-Location:...
in South Oxfordshire
South Oxfordshire
South Oxfordshire is a local government district in Oxfordshire, England. Its council is based in Crowmarsh Gifford, just outside Wallingford....
, just over 4 miles (6.4 km) east of Wallingford.
History
The ancient RidgewayRidgeway
A ridgeway is a road or path that follows a ridge, or the highest part of the landscape.-Roads and pathways:*The Ridgeway, an ancient track in southern England, which now forms part of the Ridgeway Path or National Trail...
path runs through the village. The section of the Ridgeway west of the village follows the ancient Grim's Ditch.
The Church of England parish church
Church of England parish church
A parish church in the Church of England is the church which acts as the religious centre for the people within the smallest and most basic Church of England administrative region, known as a parish.-Parishes in England:...
of the Holy Trinity
Trinity
The Christian doctrine of the Trinity defines God as three divine persons : the Father, the Son , and the Holy Spirit. The three persons are distinct yet coexist in unity, and are co-equal, co-eternal and consubstantial . Put another way, the three persons of the Trinity are of one being...
was originally Norman
Norman architecture
About|Romanesque architecture, primarily English|other buildings in Normandy|Architecture of Normandy.File:Durham Cathedral. Nave by James Valentine c.1890.jpg|thumb|200px|The nave of Durham Cathedral demonstrates the characteristic round arched style, though use of shallow pointed arches above the...
. Some masonry from this period survives on the south side of the nave
Nave
In Romanesque and Gothic Christian abbey, cathedral basilica and church architecture, the nave is the central approach to the high altar, the main body of the church. "Nave" was probably suggested by the keel shape of its vaulting...
. In the 14th century the church was rebuilt and the north aisle was added. The Gothic Revival architect
Gothic Revival architecture
The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement that began in the 1740s in England...
Benjamin Ferrey
Benjamin Ferrey
Benjamin Ferrey, F.S.A., F.R.I.B.A. was an English architect who worked mostly in the Gothic Revival.-Family:Benjamin Ferrey was the youngest son of Benjamin Ferrey Snr, a draper who became Mayor of Christchurch. He was educated at Wimborne Grammar School....
restored the chancel
Chancel
In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar in the sanctuary at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building...
in 1845.
The road between Henley and Wallingford passes through the parish just north of Nuffield. It was made into a turnpike
Toll road
A toll road is a privately or publicly built road for which a driver pays a toll for use. Structures for which tolls are charged include toll bridges and toll tunnels. Non-toll roads are financed using other sources of revenue, most typically fuel tax or general tax funds...
in 1736 and ceased to be a turnpike in 1873. It is now classified the A4130
A4130 road
The A4130 is a British A road which runs from a junction with the A404 at Burchetts Green, Berkshire to the A417 at Rowstock in Oxfordshire. It passes through Henley-on-Thames, and Nettlebed, and bypasses Wallingford and Didcot....
.
Huntercombe Place is an Edwardian era Tudor style
Tudor style architecture
The Tudor architectural style is the final development of medieval architecture during the Tudor period and even beyond, for conservative college patrons...
house designed by Oswald Milne, a former assistant to the Arts and Crafts Movement
Arts and Crafts movement
Arts and Crafts was an international design philosophy that originated in England and flourished between 1860 and 1910 , continuing its influence until the 1930s...
architect Edwin Lutyens
Edwin Lutyens
Sir Edwin Landseer Lutyens, OM, KCIE, PRA, FRIBA was a British architect who is known for imaginatively adapting traditional architectural styles to the requirements of his era...
and completed in 1910. Huntercombe Place is now part of HMYOI Huntercombe
Huntercombe (HM Prison)
HM Prison Huntercombe is a Category C men's prison, located near Nuffield in Oxfordshire, England. Huntercombe is operated by Her Majesty's Prison Service.-History:...
.
Nuffield Place is a house completed in 1914. Lord Nuffield
William Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield
William Richard Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield GBE, CH , known as Sir William Morris, Bt, between 1929 and 1934 and as The Lord Nuffield between 1934 and 1938, was a British motor manufacturer and philanthropist...
had it enlarged in 1933 and lived there until his death in 1963. He was buried at the parish church, and bequeathed Nuffield Place and its contents to Nuffield College, Oxford
Nuffield College, Oxford
Nuffield College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England. It is an all-graduate college and primarily a research establishment, specialising in the social sciences, particularly economics, politics and sociology. It is a research centre in the social sciences...
as a museum. The college has gifted the house and part of the estate to the National Trust
National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty
The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, usually known as the National Trust, is a conservation organisation in England, Wales and Northern Ireland...
.
Amenities
Nuffield has a public housePublic house
A public house, informally known as a pub, is a drinking establishment fundamental to the culture of Britain, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. There are approximately 53,500 public houses in the United Kingdom. This number has been declining every year, so that nearly half of the smaller...
, The Crown. Huntercombe Golf Club is in the parish.
The Ridgeway is now a long-distance footpath
Long-distance trail
Long-distance trails are the longer recreational trails mainly through rural areas, used for non-motorised recreational travelling ....
. Another long-distance footpath, the Chiltern Way
Chiltern Way
The Chiltern Way is a waymarked long-distance footpath in southern England in the United Kingdom.-The route:The route is circular and runs through the Chiltern Hills region passing through parts of the counties of Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire and Oxfordshire.The meandering route...
, passes through the northern part of the parish.