Noctuoidea
Encyclopedia
Noctuoidea is the superfamily
of noctuid (Latin
"night owl") or "owlet" moth
s, and has the largest number of species
described for any Lepidoptera
n superfamily
. Its classification has not yet reached a satisfactory or stable state. The most recent classifications include only four families in the superfamily; Noctuidae
, Oenosandridae
, Doidae
, and Notodontidae
. The remaining four families listed here are presently all considered subfamilies within Noctuidae.
The Noctuoidea can be divided into two broad groups, those with a trifid forewing venation (Oenosandridae
, Notodontidae
and Doidae
), and those with a quadrifid forewing venation (e.g., Arctiidae
, Lymantriidae
, Nolidae
, Noctuidae
). What has emerged from these investigations is that the quadrifid Noctuoidea form a monophyletic group. Lafontaine and Fibiger 2006 redefined the Noctuidae to include the entire quadrifid group, believing the Arctiidae
, Lymantriidae
, and Nolidae
to be derived from within this expanded concept of Noctuidae (and closely related to the subfamily Catocalinae
). In essence, groups such as the Arctiidae, which had previously been treated as a separate family, were more closely related to groups within the Noctuidae than to non-noctuid families. In order to address this, a revised classification would have meant either recognizing over 20 (often weakly defined) families, or a single well-defined family with numerous subfamilies. The latter was adopted (Lafontaine and Fibiger 2006). In a previous classification, Fibiger and Lafontaine (2005) arranged the quadrifid (forewing) group into several families, including the quadrifine (hindwing) Erebidae and trifine (hindwing) Noctuidae, based on evidence that suggested that the trifine noctuid subfamilies were derived from within the quadrifine subfamilies, so the family Erebidae would not be strictly monophyletic. More recent evidence from nuclear genes (Zahiri et al. 2010) confirms that the quadrifid (forewing) noctuoids form a monophyletic group, but also that this group can be further arranged into four monophyletic subgroups: 1) the quadrifine subfamilies; 2) the trifine subfamilies; 3) the Nolinae; and 4) the Euteliinae.
Considering the massive size of the family, and the large number of subfamilies, tribes, and subtribes to arrange into a classification, Zahiri et al. (2010) chose the option of recognizing these four groups as families, namely Erebidae, Noctuidae, Nolidae, and Euteliidae.
Fibiger, 2005. Note that the placement of Arctiidae
, Lymantriidae
and Nolidae
as subfamilies of Noctuidae
is not widely accepted yet. An updated classification for North America
n Noctuoidea has recently been published (Lafontaine & Schmidt, 2010) and further changes are imminent for a global molecular review of the superfamily (Zahiri et al., in press).
Taxonomic rank
In biological classification, rank is the level in a taxonomic hierarchy. Examples of taxonomic ranks are species, genus, family, and class. Each rank subsumes under it a number of less general categories...
of noctuid (Latin
Latin
Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
"night owl") or "owlet" moth
Moth
A moth is an insect closely related to the butterfly, both being of the order Lepidoptera. Moths form the majority of this order; there are thought to be 150,000 to 250,000 different species of moth , with thousands of species yet to be described...
s, and has the largest number of species
Species
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
described for any Lepidoptera
Lepidoptera
Lepidoptera is a large order of insects that includes moths and butterflies . It is one of the most widespread and widely recognizable insect orders in the world, encompassing moths and the three superfamilies of butterflies, skipper butterflies, and moth-butterflies...
n superfamily
Taxonomic rank
In biological classification, rank is the level in a taxonomic hierarchy. Examples of taxonomic ranks are species, genus, family, and class. Each rank subsumes under it a number of less general categories...
. Its classification has not yet reached a satisfactory or stable state. The most recent classifications include only four families in the superfamily; Noctuidae
Noctuidae
The Noctuidae or owlet moths are a family of robustly-built moths that includes more than 35,000 known species out of possibly 100,000 total, in more than 4,200 genera. They constitute the largest family in the Lepidoptera....
, Oenosandridae
Oenosandridae
Oenosandridae is a family of noctuoid moths in the Order Lepidoptera. The members are moths found in Australia. Genera include Diceratucha, Discophlebia, Nycteropa, and Oenosandra.-Notable species:*Discophlebia catocalina,...
, Doidae
Doidae
Doidae is a family of Lepidoptera. It is sometimes treated as a subfamily of the Notodontidae. Species have been placed in the Arctiidae, Lymantriidae and the Dioptidae....
, and Notodontidae
Notodontidae
Notodontidae is a family of moths with approximately 3,500 known species. Moths of this family are found in all parts of the world, but they are most concentrated in tropical areas, especially in the New World...
. The remaining four families listed here are presently all considered subfamilies within Noctuidae.
Recent developments
There are several recent studies suggesting a radical change in the traditional family level classification. Recent works in redifining the families within the Noctuoidea has been carried out by Kitching (1984), Poole (1995), Kitching and Rawlins [1998], Speidel et al. (1996), Mitchell et al. (1997, 2000, 2006), Fibiger and Lafontaine (2005), Lafontaine and Fibiger (2006) and Zahiri et al. (2010).The Noctuoidea can be divided into two broad groups, those with a trifid forewing venation (Oenosandridae
Oenosandridae
Oenosandridae is a family of noctuoid moths in the Order Lepidoptera. The members are moths found in Australia. Genera include Diceratucha, Discophlebia, Nycteropa, and Oenosandra.-Notable species:*Discophlebia catocalina,...
, Notodontidae
Notodontidae
Notodontidae is a family of moths with approximately 3,500 known species. Moths of this family are found in all parts of the world, but they are most concentrated in tropical areas, especially in the New World...
and Doidae
Doidae
Doidae is a family of Lepidoptera. It is sometimes treated as a subfamily of the Notodontidae. Species have been placed in the Arctiidae, Lymantriidae and the Dioptidae....
), and those with a quadrifid forewing venation (e.g., Arctiidae
Arctiidae
Arctiidae is a large and diverse family of moths with around 11,000 species found all over the world, including 6,000 neotropical species. This family includes the groups commonly known as tiger moths , which usually have bright colours, footmen , lichen moths and wasp moths...
, Lymantriidae
Lymantriidae
Lymantriidae is a family of moths. Many of its component species are referred to as "Tussock moths" of one sort or another. The caterpillar, or larval, stage of these species often has a distinctive appearance of alternating bristles and haired projections...
, Nolidae
Nolidae
Nolidae is a family of moths with about 1,400 described species worldwide. They are mostly small with dull colouration, the main distinguishing feature being tufts of raised scales on the forewings...
, Noctuidae
Noctuidae
The Noctuidae or owlet moths are a family of robustly-built moths that includes more than 35,000 known species out of possibly 100,000 total, in more than 4,200 genera. They constitute the largest family in the Lepidoptera....
). What has emerged from these investigations is that the quadrifid Noctuoidea form a monophyletic group. Lafontaine and Fibiger 2006 redefined the Noctuidae to include the entire quadrifid group, believing the Arctiidae
Arctiidae
Arctiidae is a large and diverse family of moths with around 11,000 species found all over the world, including 6,000 neotropical species. This family includes the groups commonly known as tiger moths , which usually have bright colours, footmen , lichen moths and wasp moths...
, Lymantriidae
Lymantriidae
Lymantriidae is a family of moths. Many of its component species are referred to as "Tussock moths" of one sort or another. The caterpillar, or larval, stage of these species often has a distinctive appearance of alternating bristles and haired projections...
, and Nolidae
Nolidae
Nolidae is a family of moths with about 1,400 described species worldwide. They are mostly small with dull colouration, the main distinguishing feature being tufts of raised scales on the forewings...
to be derived from within this expanded concept of Noctuidae (and closely related to the subfamily Catocalinae
Catocalinae
Catocalinae is a subfamily of moth family Erebidae . Many of the species are large compared to other noctuids in temperate zones, and have brightly colored backwings....
). In essence, groups such as the Arctiidae, which had previously been treated as a separate family, were more closely related to groups within the Noctuidae than to non-noctuid families. In order to address this, a revised classification would have meant either recognizing over 20 (often weakly defined) families, or a single well-defined family with numerous subfamilies. The latter was adopted (Lafontaine and Fibiger 2006). In a previous classification, Fibiger and Lafontaine (2005) arranged the quadrifid (forewing) group into several families, including the quadrifine (hindwing) Erebidae and trifine (hindwing) Noctuidae, based on evidence that suggested that the trifine noctuid subfamilies were derived from within the quadrifine subfamilies, so the family Erebidae would not be strictly monophyletic. More recent evidence from nuclear genes (Zahiri et al. 2010) confirms that the quadrifid (forewing) noctuoids form a monophyletic group, but also that this group can be further arranged into four monophyletic subgroups: 1) the quadrifine subfamilies; 2) the trifine subfamilies; 3) the Nolinae; and 4) the Euteliinae.
Considering the massive size of the family, and the large number of subfamilies, tribes, and subtribes to arrange into a classification, Zahiri et al. (2010) chose the option of recognizing these four groups as families, namely Erebidae, Noctuidae, Nolidae, and Euteliidae.
Systematics
This follows Lafontaine & Fibiger (2006), with the additions of Thiacidinae Hacker & Zilli, 2007 and taxa in MicronoctuidaeMicronoctuidae
The Micronoctuidae are a family of moths that includes about 400 described species. The family was first described in 2005.Micronoctua karsholti is the smallest of all species in the Noctuoidea superfamily.-Taxonomic History:...
Fibiger, 2005. Note that the placement of Arctiidae
Arctiidae
Arctiidae is a large and diverse family of moths with around 11,000 species found all over the world, including 6,000 neotropical species. This family includes the groups commonly known as tiger moths , which usually have bright colours, footmen , lichen moths and wasp moths...
, Lymantriidae
Lymantriidae
Lymantriidae is a family of moths. Many of its component species are referred to as "Tussock moths" of one sort or another. The caterpillar, or larval, stage of these species often has a distinctive appearance of alternating bristles and haired projections...
and Nolidae
Nolidae
Nolidae is a family of moths with about 1,400 described species worldwide. They are mostly small with dull colouration, the main distinguishing feature being tufts of raised scales on the forewings...
as subfamilies of Noctuidae
Noctuidae
The Noctuidae or owlet moths are a family of robustly-built moths that includes more than 35,000 known species out of possibly 100,000 total, in more than 4,200 genera. They constitute the largest family in the Lepidoptera....
is not widely accepted yet. An updated classification for North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
n Noctuoidea has recently been published (Lafontaine & Schmidt, 2010) and further changes are imminent for a global molecular review of the superfamily (Zahiri et al., in press).
- Familia OenosandridaeOenosandridaeOenosandridae is a family of noctuoid moths in the Order Lepidoptera. The members are moths found in Australia. Genera include Diceratucha, Discophlebia, Nycteropa, and Oenosandra.-Notable species:*Discophlebia catocalina,...
Miller, 1991 - Familia DoidaeDoidaeDoidae is a family of Lepidoptera. It is sometimes treated as a subfamily of the Notodontidae. Species have been placed in the Arctiidae, Lymantriidae and the Dioptidae....
Donahue & Brown, 1987 - Familia NotodontidaeNotodontidaeNotodontidae is a family of moths with approximately 3,500 known species. Moths of this family are found in all parts of the world, but they are most concentrated in tropical areas, especially in the New World...
Stephens, 1829- Subfamilia Thaumetopoeinae Aurivillius, 1889
- Subfamilia PygaerinaePygaerinaePygaerinae is a subfamily of the moth family Notodontidae, the silver prominents and relatives. The genus list is preliminary, as not all Notodontidae have been assigned to subfamilies yet.- Genera :* Allata* Caschara* Clostera...
Duponchel, 1845 - Subfamilia PlatychasmatinaePlatychasmatinaePlatychasmatinae is a small East Asian subfamily of the moth family Notodontidae. Only two genera are placed here at present:* Cyphanta Walker, 1865* Platychasma Butler, 1881...
Nakamura, 1956 - Subfamilia NotodontinaeNotodontinaeNotodontinae is the nominate subfamily of the moth family Notodontidae. The Ptilodoninae are sometimes merged herein. The genus list is preliminary, as not all Notodontidae have been assigned to subfamilies yet....
Stephens, 1829- Tribus Notodontini Stephens, 1829
- Tribus Dicranurini Duponchel, 1845
- Subfamilia Phalerinae Butler, 1886
- Subfamilia Dudusinae Matsumura, 1925
- Tribus Dudusini Matsumura, 1925
- Tribus Scranciini Miller, 1991
- Subfamilia Hemiceratinae Guenée, 1852
- Subfamilia Heterocampinae Neumogen & Dyar, 1894
- Subfamilia Nystaleinae Forbes, 1948
- Subfamilia DioptinaeDioptinaeDioptinae is a subfamily of the moth family Notodontidae.The Dioptinae are an almost exclusively neotropical group of day-flying moths, many of which exhibit bright wing coloration and are involved in mimicry rings with butterflies and moths of the Sterrhinae subfamily and Arctiidae family.-...
Walker, 1862
- Familia MicronoctuidaeMicronoctuidaeThe Micronoctuidae are a family of moths that includes about 400 described species. The family was first described in 2005.Micronoctua karsholti is the smallest of all species in the Noctuoidea superfamily.-Taxonomic History:...
Fibiger, 2005- Subfamilia MicronoctuinaeMicronoctuinaeThe Micronoctuinae are a subfamily of moths of the Micronoctuidae family.-Genera:*Medius Fibiger, 2011*Micronoctua Fibiger, 1997*Micronola Amsel, 1935*Sternitta Fibiger, 2011...
Fibiger, 2005 - Subfamilia PollexinaePollexinaeThe Pollexinae are a subfamily of moths of the Micronoctuidae family.-Genera:*Tolpia Walker, 1863*Disca Fibiger, 2007*Pollex Fibiger, 2007...
Fibiger, 2007 - Subfamilia BelluliinaeBelluliinaeThe Belluliinae are a subfamily of moths of the Micronoctuidae family.-Tribes and Genera:*Tribe Belluliini Fibiger, 2008**Bellulia Fibiger, 2008*Tribe Medialini Fibiger, 2008**Mediala Fibiger, 2008**Melaleucia Hampson, 1900...
Fibiger, 2008- Tribus Belluliini Fibiger, 2008
- Tribus Medialini Fibiger, 2008
- Subfamilia MagninaeMagninaeThe Magninae are a subfamily of moths of the Micronoctuidae family.-Tribes and Genera:*Tribe Magnini Fibiger, 2008**Magna Fibiger, 2008**Basalia Fibiger, 2008**Palnissa Fibiger, 2008**Bilinea Fibiger, 2008**Brevis Fibiger, 2008...
Fibiger, 2008- Tribus Magnini Fibiger, 2008
- Tribus Faeculini Fibiger, 2008
- Subfamilia ParachrostiinaeParachrostiinaeThe Parachrostiinae are a subfamily of moths of the Micronoctuidae family.-Tribes and Genera:*Tribe Duplexini**Duplex Fibiger, 2008**Sinochrostia Fibiger, 2010*Tribe Parachrostiini**Parachrostia Fibiger, 2008**Digita Fibiger, 2008...
Fibiger, 2008- Tribus Duplexini Fibiger, 2008
- Tribus Parachrostiini Fibiger, 2008
- Subfamilia Micronoctuinae
- Familia NoctuidaeNoctuidaeThe Noctuidae or owlet moths are a family of robustly-built moths that includes more than 35,000 known species out of possibly 100,000 total, in more than 4,200 genera. They constitute the largest family in the Lepidoptera....
Latreille, 1809- Subfamilia Rivulinae Grote, 1895
- Subfamilia Boletobiinae Grote, 1895
- Subfamilia Hypenodinae Forbes, 1954
- Subfamilia Araeopteroninae Fibiger, 2005
- Subfamilia Eublemminae Forbes, 1954
- Tribus EublemminiEublemminiThe Eublemmini are a noctuid moth tribe of the Acontiinae subfamily. While this tribe at present does not hold a large number of genera, many acontiines have not yet been assigned to tribes and thus this list should be considered preliminary....
Forbes, 1954 - Tribus Pangraptini Grote, 1882
- Tribus Eublemmini
- Subfamilia HerminiinaeHerminiinaeHerminiinae is one of the smaller subfamilies of the moth family Noctuidae. They are sometimes treated as a separate family, Herminiidae.*Aristaria*Bleptina*Carteris*Chytolita*Drepanopalpia*Herminia*Hydrillodes...
Leach, 1815 - Subfamilia Scolecocampinae Grote, 1883
- Subfamilia HypeninaeHypeninaeHypeninae is a subfamily of moth family Noctuidae. A notable species is Mecistoptera griseifusa which lives solely on tears it drinks with its...
Herrich-Schäffer, 1851 - Subfamilia Phytometrinae Hampson, 1913
- Subfamilia Aventiinae Tutt, 1896
- Subfamilia Erebinae Leach, 1815
- Subfamilia CalpinaeCalpinaeCalpinae is a subfamily of moth family Noctuidae. It is closely related to the Catocalinae; both subfamilies contain large species with wingspans larger than 5 centimetres ....
Boisduval, 1840- Tribus Anomini Grote, 1882
- Tribus CalpiniCalpiniCalpini is a tribe of moths in subfamily Calpinae of the family Noctuidae.-Genera:* Africalpe Krüger, 1939* Calyptra Ochsenheimer, 1816* Eudocima Billberg, 1820* Feranta Walker, [1858]* Gonodonta Hübner, 1818...
Boisduval, 1840 - Tribus Phyllodini Guenée, 1852
- Subfamilia CatocalinaeCatocalinaeCatocalinae is a subfamily of moth family Erebidae . Many of the species are large compared to other noctuids in temperate zones, and have brightly colored backwings....
Boisduval, 1828- Tribus Toxocampini Guenée, 1852
- Tribus Acantholipini Fibiger & Lafontaine, 2005
- Tribus Arytrurini Fibiger & Lafontaine, 2005
- Tribus Melipotini Grote, 1895
- Tribus Euclidiini Guenée, 1852
- Tribus Panopodini Forbes, 1954
- Tribus Ophiusini Guenée, 1837 (= Omopterini Boisduval, 1833, suppressed older syn.)
- Tribus CatocaliniCatocaliniThe Catocalini are a noctuid moth tribe, the largest in the Catocalinae subfamily. Most subtribes are small, but some—such as the Toxocampina and the Ophiusina—contain many genera....
Boisduval, 1828 - Tribus Anobini Holloway, 2005 (= Anobini Wiltshire, 1990, nomen nudum)
- Tribus Sypnini Holloway, 2005
- Tribus Hypopyrini Guenée, 1852
- Tribus Tinolini Moore, 1885
- Tribus Hulodini Guenée, 1852 (= Speiredoniinae Swinhoe, 1900)
- Tribus Ommatophorini Guenée, 1852
- Tribus Pericymini Wiltshire; 1976
- Tribus Pandesmini Wiltshire, 1990, nomen nudum
- Tribus Catephiini Guenée, 1852
- Tribus Ercheini Berio, 1992
- Subfamilia Cocytiinae Boisduval, 1874
- Subfamilia Stictopterinae Hampson, 1894
- Subfamilia EuteliinaeEuteliinaeEuteliinae is a subfamily of moths of the Noctuidae family.-References:*...
Grote, 1882 - (Subfamilia NolinaeNolinaeNolinae is a subfamily of the moth family Nolidae. They resemble some Arctiidae in appearance....
) Bruand, 1846, stat rev.- Tribus Nolini Bruand, 1846, stat rev.
- Tribus Chloephorini Stainton, 1859, stat rev.
- Subtribus Chloephorina Stainton, 1859, stat rev.
- Subtribus Sarrothripina Hampson, 1894, stat rev.
- Subtribus Camptolomina Mell, 1943, stat rev.
- Subtribus Careina Moore, 1883, stat rev.
- Subtribus Ariolicina Mell, 1943, stat rev.
- Tribus Westermanniini Hampson, 1918, stat rev.
- Tribus Eariadini Hampson, 1912, stat rev.
- Tribus Blenini Mell, 1943, stat rev.
- Tribus Risobini Mell, 1943, stat rev.
- Tribus Collomenini Kitching & Rawlins, 1998, stat rev.
- Tribus Afridini Kitching & Rawlins, 1998, stat rev.
- Tribus Eligmini Mell, 1943, stat rev.
- Subfamilia AganainaeAganainaeAganainae is a small subfamily of moths in the family Noctuidae, formerly placed in the family Arctiidae. It is ranked as a family by some authors.-Genera:*Aganais Boisduval, 1832*Agape Felder, 1874*Anagnia Walker, 1854...
Boisduval, 1833 - (Subfamilia ArctiinaeArctiinaeThe Arctiinae are a subfamily of moths.-Systematics:The systematics of the Arctiinae are in need of revision and depends significantly on a personal view of an author. In any case, Arctiinae is a monophyletic group with a clear autapomorphic character - a presence of anal glands in females. On the...
Leach, 1815), stat. nov.- Tribus Lithosiini Billberg, 1820, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Phryganopterygina Bendib & Minet, 1999, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Aesalina Bendib & Minet, 1999, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Eudesmiina Bendib & Minet, 1999, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Cisthenina Bendib & Minet, 1999, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Nudariina Börner, 1920, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Endrosina Börner, 1932, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Lithosiina Billberg, 1820, stat. rev.
- Tribus Syntomini Herrich-Schäffer, 1846, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Syntomina Herrich-Schäffer, 1846, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Thyretina Butler, 1876, stat. rev.
- Tribus ArctiiniArctiiniThe Arctiini are a tribe of moths in the Arctiinae subfamily. Sometimes , the Arctiini are defined sensu lato, with much of the remaining Arctiinae merged here as subtribes.-Genera of Arctiini s.str...
Leach, 1815, stat. rev.- Subtribus Arctiina Leach, 1815, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Callimorphina Walker, 1865, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Pericopina Walker, 1865, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Phaegopterina Kirby, 1892, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Ctenuchina Kirby, 1837, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Euchromiina Butler, 1876, stat. rev.
- Tribus Lithosiini Billberg, 1820, stat. rev.
- (Subfamilia Lymantriinae) Hampson, 1893, stat. nov.
- Tribus Lymantriini Hampson, 1893, stat. rev.
- Tribus Orgyiini Wallengren, 1861, stat. rev.
- Tribus Arctornithini Holloway, 1999, stat. rev.
- Tribus Leucomini Grote, 1895, stat. rev.
- Tribus Nygmiini Holloway, 1999, stat. rev.
- Subfamilia Strepsimaninae Meyrick, 1930, stat rev.
- Subfamilia PlusiinaePlusiinaePlusiinae is a smallish subfamily of the moth family Noctuidae. As the Noctuidae appear to be a paraphyletic assemblage, the Plusiinae may eventually be raised to family status ....
Boisduval, 1828- Tribus AbrostoliniAbrostoliniThe Abrostolini are a small tribe of moths in the Plusiinae subfamily, consisting of the genera Abrostola and Mouralia....
Eichlin & Cunningham, 1978 - Tribus ArgyrogrammatiniArgyrogrammatiniThe Argyrogrammatini are a tribe of moths in the subfamily Plusiinae, consisting of fifteen genera....
Eichlin & Cunningham, 1978 - Tribus PlusiiniPlusiiniThe Plusiini are the largest tribe of moths in the Plusiinae subfamily. At least one undescribed genus is known to exist....
Boisduval, 1828- Subtribus Autoplusiina Kitching, 1987
- Subtribus Euchaciina Chou & Lu, 1979
- Subtribus Plusiina Boisduval, 1828
- Tribus Abrostolini
- Subfamilia EustrotiinaeEustrotiinaeThe Eustrotiinae are a subfamily of moths, under family Noctuidae....
Grote, 1882 - Subfamilia BagisarinaeBagisarinaeBagisarinae is a subfamily of moths in the family Noctuidae.-References:*Beccaloni, G.W., Scoble, M.J., Robinson, G.S. & Pitkin, B. . 2003. The Global Lepidoptera Names Index ....
Crumb, 1956- Tribus Bagisarini Crumb, 1956
- Tribus Cydosiini Kitching & Rawlins, 1998
- Subfamilia AcontiinaeAcontiinaeAcontiinae is a subfamily of moth family Noctuidae.- Acontiinae incertae sedis:The Acontiinae do not hold an overly large number of genera at present . Apart from the tribes listed in the taxobox, there are many genera not presently assigned to a specific tribe as their relationships require...
Guenée, 1841- Tribus Hypercalymniini Fibiger & Lafontaine, 2005
- Tribus Acontiini Guenée, 1841
- Tribus ArmadiniArmadiniThe Armadini are a noctuid moth tribe of the Catocalinae subfamily. As numerous catocaline genera have not yet been assigned to a tribe, the genus list should be considered preliminary....
Wiltshire, 1961 - Tribus Aediini Beck, 1960
- Subfamilia PantheinaePantheinaePantheinae is a small subfamily of moth family Noctuidae.-Genera:*Anacronicta*Anepholcia*Bathyra*Brandtina*Charadra*Colocasia*Disepholcia*Elydnodes*Gaujonia*Lichnoptera*Meleneta*Moma*Panthauma...
Smith, 1898 - Subfamilia Diphtherinae Fibiger & Lafontaine, 2005
- Subfamilia Dilobinae Aurivillius, 1889
- Subfamilia Raphiinae Beck, 1996
- Subfamilia Balsinae Grote, 1896, stat. rev.
- Subfamilia AcronictinaeAcronictinaeAcronictinae is a large subfamily of moths in the family Noctuidae.-References:*Beccaloni, G.W., Scoble, M.J., Robinson, G.S. & Pitkin, B. . 2003. The Global Lepidoptera Names Index . *...
Heinemann, 1859 - Subfamilia Metoponiinae Herrich-Schäffer, 1851
- Subfamilia Sinocharinae Speidel, Fänger & Naumann, 1996
- Subfamilia Lophonyctinae Speidel, Fänger & Naumann, 1996
- Subfamilia AgaristinaeAgaristinaeAgaristinae is one of the larger subfamilies of moths in the family Noctuidae. Its internal phylogeny and many genera are in need of review.*Acantuerta*Aegocera*Aegoceropsis*Aethodes*Agarista*Agaristodes*Agoma...
Herrich-Schäffer, 1858 - Subfamilia Eucocytiinae Hampson, 1918
- Subfamilia CuculliinaeCuculliinaeCuculliinae is one of the larger subfamilies of moths in the family Noctuidae.*Adaphaenura*Adita*Agrochola*Allophyes*Altiplania*Altipolia*Amephana*Anathix*Andesia*Andicola*Antitype*Antivaleria...
Herrich-Schäffer, 1850 - Subfamilia OncocnemidinaeOncocnemidinaeOncocnemidinae is a subfamily of moths which belong to the large moth family . In contrast to most other members of the family, they fly during the day...
Forbes & Franclemont, 1954 - Subfamilia Amphipyrinae Guenée, 1837
- Subfamilia Psaphidinae Grote, 1896
- Tribus Psaphidini Grote, 1896
- Tribus Feraliini Poole, 1995
- Tribus Nocloini Poole, 1995
- Tribus Triocnemidini Poole, 1995
- Subfamilia StiriinaeStiriinaeStiriinae is a subfamily of moths of the Noctuidae family.-References:*...
Grote, 1882- Tribus Stiriini Grote, 1882
- Tribus Grotellini Poole, 1995
- Tribus Azenini Poole, 1995
- Subfamilia HeliothinaeHeliothinaeHeliothinae is a small subfamily of moths in the family Noctuidae. There are about 400 species described worldwide. They are found predominantly in semiarid subtropical habitats.-Taxonomy:The subfamily has been studied extensively...
Boisduval, 1828 - Subfamilia CondicinaeCondicinaeCondicinae is a subfamily of moths in the family Noctuidae, consisting of four genera, Condica, Ogdoconta, Perigea, and Platysenta.-References:...
Poole, 1995- Tribus Condicini Poole, 1995
- Tribus Leuconyctini Poole, 1995
- Subfamilia Eriopinae Herrich-Schäffer, 1851
- Subfamilia BryophilinaeBryophilinaeBryophilinae is a subfamily of moths in the family Noctuidae.-References:*Beccaloni, G.W., Scoble, M.J., Robinson, G.S. & Pitkin, B. . 2003. The Global Lepidoptera Names Index ....
Guenée, 1852 - Subfamilia Xyleninae Guenée, 1837
- Tribus Pseudeustrotiini Beck, 1996
- Tribus Phosphilini Poole, 1995, stat. rev.
- Tribus Prodenilni Forbes, 1954
- Tribus Eiaphriini Beck, 1996
- Tribus Caradrinini Boisduval, 1840
- Subtribus Caradrinina Boisduval, 1840
- Subtribus Athetina Fibiger & Lafontaine, 2005
- Tribus Dypterygiini Forbes, 1954
- Tribus Actinotiini Beck, 1996
- Tribus Phlogophorini Hampson, 1918
- Tribus ApameiniApameiniThe Apameini are a mid-sized tribe of moths in the Hadeninae subfamily.-Genera:*Achatodes Guenée, 1852*Agroperina Hampson, 1908*Apamea Ochsenheimer, 1816*Archanara Walker, 1866*Crymodes Guenée, 1841*Eremobina McDunnough, 1937...
Guenée, 1841 (= Nonagriini Guenée, 1837, suppressed older syn.)- Subtribus Oxytripiina Gozmany, 1970
- Subtribus Apameina Guenée, 1841
- Subtribus Sesamiina Fibiger & Goldstein, 2005
- Tribus Arzamini Grote, 1883
- Tribus Episemini Guenée, 1852
- Tribus XyleniniXyleniniThe Xylenini are a mid-sized tribe of moths in the Hadeninae subfamily. There is some dispute about this tribe. have these genera listed under subfamily Cuculliinae instead.-Genera:*Agrochola Hübner, 1821*Bombycia Stephens, 1829...
Guenée, 1837- Subtribus Xylenina Guenée, 1837
- Subtribus Cosmiina Guenée, 1852, stat. rev.
- Subtribus Antitypina Forbes & Franclemont, 1954
- Subtribus Ufeina Crumb, 1956
- Subfamilia HadeninaeHadeninaeHadeninae is a subfamily of moth family Noctuidae. The limits between this group and the Condicinae and Noctuinae are still not precisely known, with 3 major and partially conflicting revisions since 2006. Some include the noctuid subfamilies Eriopinae and Psaphidinae here as tribes Eriopini and...
Guenée, 1837- Tribus OrthosiiniOrthosiiniThe Orthosiini are a mid-sized tribe of noctuid moths in the subfamily Hadeninae.Genera include:* Achatia* Anorthoa* Dioszeghyana* Egira* Harutaeographa* Houlberthosia* Kisegira Hreblay & Ronkay, 1999 * Lacinipolia...
Guenée, 1837 - Tribus Tholerini Beck, 1996
- Tribus HadeniniHadeniniThe Hadenini are a mid-sized tribe of moths in the Hadeninae subfamily. As numerous hadenine genera have not yet been assigned to a tribe, the genus list is preliminary.Several species are notable pests.Subtribe Clemathadina...
Guenée, 1837 - Tribus Leucaniini Guenée, 1837
- Tribus EriopyginiEriopyginiThe Eriopygini are a small-sized tribe of moths in the Hadeninae subfamily.-References:#...
Fibiger & Lafontaine, 2005 - Tribus Glottulini Guenée, 1852
- Tribus Orthosiini
- Subfamilia NoctuinaeNoctuinaeNoctuinae is a subfamily of the family Noctuidae. The larvae of many species feed on roots or stems of various grasses. Some are generalist feeders which makes them potential pests....
Latreille, 1809- Tribus Agrotini Rambur, 1848
- Subtribus Austrandesiina Angulo & Olivares, 1990
- Subtribus Agrotina Rambur, 1848
- Tribus Noctuini Latreille, 1809
- Subtribus Axyliina Fibiger & Lafontaine, 2005
- Subtribus Noctuina Latreille, 1809
- Tribus Agrotini Rambur, 1848
External links
- Tree of Life
- Noctuoidea (summary of R.Zahiri's ongoing Ph.D. studies)