Nhava Sheva
Encyclopedia
Nhava Sheva, officially Jawaharlal Nehru Port, is the 6th largest port and the largest container port in India
. Located in Maharashtra
, the port on the Arabian Sea
is accessed via Thane Creek
.
mainland across from the island city of Mumbai
. Spread over 10 square kilometres (2,471.1 acre), it was developed to relieve pressure on Mumbai Port. It was inaugurated on May 26, 1989.
Construction of Nhava Sheva port was originally planned in 1965. The original plan envisioned the port for use to import food grains, since India then faced a major food shortfall. Following the Green Revolution in India
, India gained vast surplus food grain production capacity. So the plans for the port shifted focus to container traffic.
Nhava Sheva port is run by the Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust, an autonomous corporation wholly owned by the Government of India
. The port was created to relieve pressure on Mumbai Port, then the pre-eminent port of India. It also enabled importers to avoid the octroi
tax levied on goods entering Mumbai city by the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation, since it falls outside the jurisdiction of the municipal corporation.
A ferry service operates between Nhava Sheva and the Gateway of India
in downtown Mumbai. The Central Industrial Security Force
is responsible for security of the port.
Nhava Sheva is well connected to major highways and rail networks in India. The closest suburban railheads are CBD Belapur
and Panvel
. The port handles 65% of India's container traffic has an average berthing
period of 37 hours which is considered very long. The GTI terminal of the port has set national record for berth productivity of 235.92 moves/hour on 25th January 2010 on vessel M.V Ever Racer(WCIX service). The entire operation was performed in just 13 hours and 10 mins, during which 3295 moves (4136 TEUs) were performed.
The expansion plans for the port, include extensive new terminal access points and connecting roads.
The Nhava Sheva International Container Terminal (NSICT) is leased to a consortium led by P & O, now a part of DP World. Commissioned in July 2000, it has a 600 metres (1,968.5 ft) quay length with 2 berths. It can handle up to 15.6 million tons of cargo. NSICT was India’s first privately managed container terminal.
The Gateway Terminal (GTI) has been leased to a consortium of APM Terminals
and the Container Corporation of India
. It started operations in 2006.
The BPCL Terminal is leased to a joint-venture between Bharat Petroleum
and Indian Oil. It mostly handles crude imports and refined petroleum products exports at its 2 berths.
The port is well connected by rail and road to neighbouring Mumbai
and to the rest of India.
, Madhya Pradesh
, Gujarat, Karnataka
, as well as most of North India
.
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
. Located in Maharashtra
Maharashtra
Maharashtra is a state located in India. It is the second most populous after Uttar Pradesh and third largest state by area in India...
, the port on the Arabian Sea
Arabian Sea
The Arabian Sea is a region of the Indian Ocean bounded on the east by India, on the north by Pakistan and Iran, on the west by the Arabian Peninsula, on the south, approximately, by a line between Cape Guardafui in northeastern Somalia and Kanyakumari in India...
is accessed via Thane Creek
Thane Creek
Thane Creek is part of the estuary of the Ulhas River in western India opening into Mumbai Harbour. It comprises the area stretching from Mumbra Retibunder to the Mankhurd-Vashi Bridge. It has been recognised as an Important Bird Area by the Bombay Natural History Society, as it is home to...
.
History
Nhave Sheva is located on the KonkanKonkan
The Konkan also called the Konkan Coast or Karavali is a rugged section of the western coastline of India from Raigad to Mangalore...
mainland across from the island city of Mumbai
Mumbai
Mumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...
. Spread over 10 square kilometres (2,471.1 acre), it was developed to relieve pressure on Mumbai Port. It was inaugurated on May 26, 1989.
Construction of Nhava Sheva port was originally planned in 1965. The original plan envisioned the port for use to import food grains, since India then faced a major food shortfall. Following the Green Revolution in India
Green Revolution in India
The introduction of high-yielding varieties of seeds and the increased use of fertilizers and irrigation are known collectively as the Green Revolution, which provided the increase in production needed to make India self-sufficient in food grains, thus improving agriculture in India...
, India gained vast surplus food grain production capacity. So the plans for the port shifted focus to container traffic.
Nhava Sheva port is run by the Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust, an autonomous corporation wholly owned by the Government of India
Government of India
The Government of India, officially known as the Union Government, and also known as the Central Government, was established by the Constitution of India, and is the governing authority of the union of 28 states and seven union territories, collectively called the Republic of India...
. The port was created to relieve pressure on Mumbai Port, then the pre-eminent port of India. It also enabled importers to avoid the octroi
Octroi
Octroi is a local tax collected on various articles brought into a district for consumption.-Antiquity:Octroi taxes have a respectable antiquity, being known in Roman times as vectigalia...
tax levied on goods entering Mumbai city by the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation, since it falls outside the jurisdiction of the municipal corporation.
A ferry service operates between Nhava Sheva and the Gateway of India
Gateway of India
Its design is a combination of both Hindu and Muslim architectural styles, the arch is in Muslim style while the decorations are in Hindu style. The Gateway is built from yellow basalt and reinforced concrete. The stone was locally obtained, and the perforated screens were brought from Gwalior.The...
in downtown Mumbai. The Central Industrial Security Force
Central Industrial Security Force
The Central Industrial Security Force is a Central Armed Police Force in India.It was set up under an Act of the Parliament of India on March 10, 1969 with a strength of 2,800. CISF was subsequently made an armed force of the Union of India by another Act of Parliament passed on June 15, 1983. Its...
is responsible for security of the port.
Nhava Sheva is well connected to major highways and rail networks in India. The closest suburban railheads are CBD Belapur
CBD Belapur
CBD Belapur is the third most developed node of Navi Mumbai after Vashi and Nerul. CBD Belapur has a fairly vibrant Central Business District that is moving some of the economy out of congested central Mumbai into the hinterland. Belapur is also one of the largest assembly constituencies from this...
and Panvel
Panvel
Panvel is city and a municipal council in Raigad district in the state of Maharashtra. Panvel is also known as the gateway of Konkan region. It adjoins Navi Mumbai, and is just after the Thane district border. Panvel is located on the Yashwantrao Chavan Expressway about 21 kilometres from...
. The port handles 65% of India's container traffic has an average berthing
Berth (moorings)
A berth is a location in a port or harbour used specifically for mooring vessels while not at sea.-Locations in a port:Berth is the term used in ports and harbors to define a specific location where a vessel may be berthed, usually for the purposes of loading and unloading.Most berths will be...
period of 37 hours which is considered very long. The GTI terminal of the port has set national record for berth productivity of 235.92 moves/hour on 25th January 2010 on vessel M.V Ever Racer(WCIX service). The entire operation was performed in just 13 hours and 10 mins, during which 3295 moves (4136 TEUs) were performed.
The expansion plans for the port, include extensive new terminal access points and connecting roads.
Facilities
The JNPT Container Terminal is operated by JNPT. It has a quay length of 680 metres (2,231 ft) with 3 berths.The Nhava Sheva International Container Terminal (NSICT) is leased to a consortium led by P & O, now a part of DP World. Commissioned in July 2000, it has a 600 metres (1,968.5 ft) quay length with 2 berths. It can handle up to 15.6 million tons of cargo. NSICT was India’s first privately managed container terminal.
The Gateway Terminal (GTI) has been leased to a consortium of APM Terminals
APM Terminals
APM Terminals is an international container terminal operating company headquartered in The Hague, Netherlands. It is one of the world's leading port and terminal operators as well as providing cargo support and container Inland Services, and is the largest port and terminal operating company in...
and the Container Corporation of India
Container Corporation of India
Container Corporation of India Ltd. is a Navratna Public Sector undertaking under the Indian Ministry of Railways. Incorporated in March 1988 under the Companies Act, Concor commenced operations in November 1989 taking over an existing network of seven inland container depots from Indian Railways...
. It started operations in 2006.
The BPCL Terminal is leased to a joint-venture between Bharat Petroleum
Bharat Petroleum
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited is a state-controlled oil and gas company headquartered in Mumbai, India. In 2011, Fortune Global 500 ranked the company of 272.- History :...
and Indian Oil. It mostly handles crude imports and refined petroleum products exports at its 2 berths.
The port is well connected by rail and road to neighbouring Mumbai
Mumbai
Mumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...
and to the rest of India.
Traffic
Major exports from Nhava Sheva are textiles, sporting goods, carpets, textile machinery, boneless meat, chemicals and pharmaceuticals. The main imports are chemicals, machinery, plastics, electrical machinery, vegetable oils and aluminium and other non-ferrous metals. The port handles cargo traffic mostly originating from or destined for MaharashtraMaharashtra
Maharashtra is a state located in India. It is the second most populous after Uttar Pradesh and third largest state by area in India...
, Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh , often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and Indore is the largest city....
, Gujarat, Karnataka
Karnataka
Karnataka , the land of the Kannadigas, is a state in South West India. It was created on 1 November 1956, with the passing of the States Reorganisation Act and this day is annually celebrated as Karnataka Rajyotsava...
, as well as most of North India
North India
North India, known natively as Uttar Bhārat or Shumālī Hindustān , is a loosely defined region in the northern part of India. The exact meaning of the term varies by usage...
.