Newmarket, New Hampshire
Encyclopedia
Newmarket is a town in Rockingham County
Rockingham County, New Hampshire
-Demographics:As of the census of 2000, there were 277,359 people, 104,529 households, and 74,320 families residing in the county. The population density was 399 people per square mile . There were 113,023 housing units at an average density of 163 per square mile...

, New Hampshire
New Hampshire
New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state was named after the southern English county of Hampshire. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian...

, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

. The population was 8,936 at the 2010 census. Some residents are students and employees at the nearby University of New Hampshire
University of New Hampshire
The University of New Hampshire is a public university in the University System of New Hampshire , United States. The main campus is in Durham, New Hampshire. An additional campus is located in Manchester. With over 15,000 students, UNH is the largest university in New Hampshire. The university is...

 in Durham
Durham, New Hampshire
As of the census of 2000, there were 12,664 people, 2,882 households, and 1,582 families residing in the town. The population density was 565.5 people per square mile . There were 2,923 housing units at an average density of 130.5 per square mile...

.

The primary settlement in town, where 5,297 people resided at the 2010 census, is defined as the Newmarket census-designated place
Census-designated place
A census-designated place is a concentration of population identified by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes. CDPs are delineated for each decennial census as the statistical counterparts of incorporated places such as cities, towns and villages...

, or CDP, and is located at the junction of New Hampshire routes 108
New Hampshire Route 108
New Hampshire Route 108 is a long north–south state highway in Rockingham and Strafford counties in southeastern New Hampshire. The northern terminus of the route is in the city of Rochester at NH Route 125 and NH Route 202A...

 and 152
New Hampshire Route 152
New Hampshire Route 152 is a long east–west highway in Rockingham and Strafford counties in southeastern New Hampshire. The road connects the towns of Newmarket and Nottingham....

, adjacent to the Lamprey River
Lamprey River
The Lamprey River is a 50.2 mile long river in southeastern New Hampshire, the United States. It rises in Meadow Lake in Northwood, and flows south, then generally east past Raymond, Epping, Lee and finally Newmarket...

.

History

Incorporated in 1727, Newmarket is one of six towns granted by Massachusetts
Massachusetts
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2010...

 in the last year of the reign of King George I
George I of Great Britain
George I was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1 August 1714 until his death, and ruler of the Duchy and Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg in the Holy Roman Empire from 1698....

. It started as a parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...

 of Exeter
Exeter, New Hampshire
Exeter is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The town's population was 14,306 at the 2010 census. Exeter was the county seat until 1997, when county offices were moved to neighboring Brentwood...

, and was granted full town privileges by the legislature in 1737. It was probably named for Newmarket in Suffolk
Suffolk
Suffolk is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in East Anglia, England. It has borders with Norfolk to the north, Cambridgeshire to the west and Essex to the south. The North Sea lies to the east...

, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...

. The Lamprey River
Lamprey River
The Lamprey River is a 50.2 mile long river in southeastern New Hampshire, the United States. It rises in Meadow Lake in Northwood, and flows south, then generally east past Raymond, Epping, Lee and finally Newmarket...

, running through the town, was named for John Lamprey, an early settler. For a while, the town was called Lampreyville. Newmarket was a center of the New England
New England
New England is a region in the northeastern corner of the United States consisting of the six states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut...

 shipping trade with the West Indies, including importation of sugar and African slaves.

Beginning with the first cotton
Cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective capsule, around the seeds of cotton plants of the genus Gossypium. The fiber is almost pure cellulose. The botanical purpose of cotton fiber is to aid in seed dispersal....

 textile mill in 1823, the Newmarket Manufacturing Company dominated the mill town's
Mill town
A mill town, also known as factory town or mill village, is typically a settlement that developed around one or more mills or factories .- United Kingdom:...

 waterfront and economy with seven textile mills harnessing water power at the falls. The company had cotton shipped up from the Deep South
Deep South
The Deep South is a descriptive category of the cultural and geographic subregions in the American South. Historically, it is differentiated from the "Upper South" as being the states which were most dependent on plantation type agriculture during the pre-Civil War period...

, so its production was adversely affected by the American Civil War
American Civil War
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...

. It built numerous support structures, including multi-family housing for workers. The company built dam
Dam
A dam is a barrier that impounds water or underground streams. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water, while other structures such as floodgates or levees are used to manage or prevent water flow into specific land regions. Hydropower and pumped-storage hydroelectricity are...

s upriver to create Pawtuckaway Pond
Pawtuckaway Pond
Pawtuckaway Lake is a water body located in Rockingham County in southeastern New Hampshire, United States, in the town of Nottingham. The official name of the lake is Pawtuckaway Pond. The original, natural pond was enlarged in the 19th century by the construction of four dams...

 in Nottingham
Nottingham, New Hampshire
Nottingham is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,785 at the 2010 census. It is the location of Pawtuckaway State Park.-History:...

 and Mendums Pond
Mendums Pond
Mendum's Pond is a water body located primarily in Strafford County in eastern New Hampshire, United States, in the town of Barrington. Its extreme southern end dips into the town of Nottingham in Rockingham County...

 in Barrington
Barrington, New Hampshire
Barrington is a town in Strafford County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 8,576 at the 2010 census. The town is a woodland, farm and bedroom community.-History:...

 -- during drought
Drought
A drought is an extended period of months or years when a region notes a deficiency in its water supply. Generally, this occurs when a region receives consistently below average precipitation. It can have a substantial impact on the ecosystem and agriculture of the affected region...

, the company could release a regulated flow of water from the dams into the Lamprey to run the works. The company closed in 1929.

Adapted for modern commercial and residential uses, the textile mills are today listed on the National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation...

. In the 1970s, the mill served as the headquarters of the Timberland Company, during the years when it grew from a small work-boot manufacturer to a leading "urban" fashion brand. (The corporate headquarters are now located in nearby Stratham
Stratham, New Hampshire
Stratham is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 7,255 at the 2010 census. It is bounded on the west by the Squamscott River. The town is the home of the only U.S. Lindt & Sprüngli factory and the headquarters of the Timberland Corporation.-History:Stratham...

.)

Once a part of Newmarket, Newfields
Newfields, New Hampshire
Newfields is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,680 at the 2010 census. The primary village in town, where 301 people resided at the 2010 census, is defined as the Newfields census-designated place , and is located along New Hampshire Route 85 and the...

 incorporated as a separate town in 1849.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau
United States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data...

, the town has a total area of 14.2 square miles (36.8 km²), of which 12.6 sq mi (32.6 km²) is land and 1.6 sq mi (4.1 km²) is water, comprising 11.43% of the town. Situated beside Great Bay
Great Bay (New Hampshire)
Great Bay is a tidal estuary located in Strafford and Rockingham counties in eastern New Hampshire, United States. The bay occupies over , not including its several tidal river tributaries. Its outlet is at Hilton Point in Dover, New Hampshire, where waters from the bay flow into the Piscataqua...

, Newmarket is drained by the Lamprey River
Lamprey River
The Lamprey River is a 50.2 mile long river in southeastern New Hampshire, the United States. It rises in Meadow Lake in Northwood, and flows south, then generally east past Raymond, Epping, Lee and finally Newmarket...

. The town's highest point is the summit of Bald Hill, at 281 feet (85.6 m) above sea level
Sea level
Mean sea level is a measure of the average height of the ocean's surface ; used as a standard in reckoning land elevation...

, near the town's southwest corner. Great Hill, with an elevation of 228 feet (69.5 m), rises just south of the town center.

The primary settlement, or census-designated place
Census-designated place
A census-designated place is a concentration of population identified by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes. CDPs are delineated for each decennial census as the statistical counterparts of incorporated places such as cities, towns and villages...

 (CDP), within Newmarket has a total area of 2 sq mi (5.2 km²), of which 1.9 sq mi (4.9 km²) is land and 0.1 sq mi (0.258998811 km²) (4.43%) is water.

The town is crossed by New Hampshire Route 108
New Hampshire Route 108
New Hampshire Route 108 is a long north–south state highway in Rockingham and Strafford counties in southeastern New Hampshire. The northern terminus of the route is in the city of Rochester at NH Route 125 and NH Route 202A...

 and New Hampshire Route 152
New Hampshire Route 152
New Hampshire Route 152 is a long east–west highway in Rockingham and Strafford counties in southeastern New Hampshire. The road connects the towns of Newmarket and Nottingham....

.

Demographics

As of the census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

 of 2000, there were 8,027 people, 3,379 households, and 1,949 families residing in the town. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...

 was 639.5 people per square mile (247.0/km²). There were 3,457 housing units at an average density of 106.4 persons/km² (275.4 persons/sq mi). The racial makeup of the town was 94.16% White, 0.64% African American
African American
African Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have at least partial ancestry from any of the native populations of Sub-Saharan Africa and are the direct descendants of enslaved Africans within the boundaries of the present United States...

, 0.20% Native American, 3.00% Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...

n, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.42% from other races, and 1.58% from two or more races. 1.73% of the population were Hispanic
Hispanic
Hispanic is a term that originally denoted a relationship to Hispania, which is to say the Iberian Peninsula: Andorra, Gibraltar, Portugal and Spain. During the Modern Era, Hispanic sometimes takes on a more limited meaning, particularly in the United States, where the term means a person of ...

 or Latino
Latino
The demonyms Latino and Latina , are defined in English language dictionaries as:* "a person of Latin-American descent."* "A Latin American."* "A person of Hispanic, especially Latin-American, descent, often one living in the United States."...

 of any race.

The town of Newmarket has a small, but growing and significant, Laotian and Laotian American
Laotian American
A Laotian American is a resident of the United States who was originally from Laos, a person of Laotian descent residing in America, or a citizen born in the United States whose parents were originally from Laos. Laotian Americans are included in the larger category of Asian Americans...

 population, refugees and their families. Buddhist practitioners among the Laotians attend the Wat Lao Mixarayam Temple in Lowell, Massachusetts
Lowell, Massachusetts
Lowell is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, USA. According to the 2010 census, the city's population was 106,519. It is the fourth largest city in the state. Lowell and Cambridge are the county seats of Middlesex County...

.

There were 3,379 households out of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.6% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...

 living together, 8.3% have a woman whose husband does not live with her, and 42.3% were non-families. 27.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the town the population was spread out with 22.1% under the age of 18, 13.3% from 18 to 24, 37.2% from 25 to 44, 18.9% from 45 to 64, and 8.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 98.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $46,058, and the median income for a family was $53,750. Males had a median income of $38,089 versus $26,375 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...

 for the town was $22,085. 8.3% of the population and 5.7% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty
Poverty
Poverty is the lack of a certain amount of material possessions or money. Absolute poverty or destitution is inability to afford basic human needs, which commonly includes clean and fresh water, nutrition, health care, education, clothing and shelter. About 1.7 billion people are estimated to live...

, 11.1% are under the age of 18 and 5.5% are 65 or older.

Town center

As of the census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

 of 2000, there were 5,124 people, 2,297 households, and 1,134 families residing in the central settlement, or census-designated place (CDP). The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...

 was 2,645.1 people per square mile (1,019.8/km²). There were 2,359 housing units at an average density of 469.5 persons/km² (1,217.8 persons/sq mi). The racial makeup of the town was 93.89% White, 0.84% African American
African American
African Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have at least partial ancestry from any of the native populations of Sub-Saharan Africa and are the direct descendants of enslaved Africans within the boundaries of the present United States...

, 0.25% Native American, 2.75% Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...

n, 0.49% from other races, and 1.78% from two or more races. 1.99% of the population were Hispanic
Hispanic
Hispanic is a term that originally denoted a relationship to Hispania, which is to say the Iberian Peninsula: Andorra, Gibraltar, Portugal and Spain. During the Modern Era, Hispanic sometimes takes on a more limited meaning, particularly in the United States, where the term means a person of ...

 or Latino
Latino
The demonyms Latino and Latina , are defined in English language dictionaries as:* "a person of Latin-American descent."* "A Latin American."* "A person of Hispanic, especially Latin-American, descent, often one living in the United States."...

 of any race.

There were 2,297 households out of which 24.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.0% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...

 living together, 9.7% have a woman whose husband does not live with her, and 50.6% were non-families. 32.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the settlement the population was spread out with 19.5% under the age of 18, 17.3% from 18 to 24, 37.6% from 25 to 44, 17.3% from 45 to 64, and 8.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 97.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.3 males.

The median income for a household is $40,561, and the median income for a family was $47,553. Males had a median income of $33,977 versus $24,506 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...

 for the town was $19,841. 10.2% of the population and 6.8% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 14.4% are under the age of 18 and 5.5% are 65 or older.

Notable inhabitants

  • Emma Lenora Borden
    Emma Lenora Borden
    Emma Lenora Borden was the elder sister of Lizzie Borden, who was the central figure in the hatchet murders of her father and stepmother on August 4, 1892 in Fall River, Massachusetts in the United States.-Early life:...

    , elder sister of Lizzie Andrew Borden
  • John Brodhead
    John Brodhead (New Hampshire)
    John Brodhead was a U.S. Representative from New Hampshire.Born in Lower Smithfield, Pennsylvania, Brodhead attended the common schools and Stroudsburg Academy. He studied theology and was ordained a minister. He was active in ministerial service for forty-four years...

    , congressman
  • Wentworth Cheswell
    Wentworth Cheswell
    Wentworth Cheswell was an African-American teacher, American Revolutionary War veteran, assessor, auditor, selectman and Justice of the Peace...

    , first African-American elected to public office, justice of the peace
  • Lynn Jennings
    Lynn Jennings
    Lynn Jennings is a retired American athlete who competed mainly in the long distances. She is one of the best female American runners of all time, with a range from 1500 meters to the marathon. She excelled at all three of the sport's major disciplines--track, road, and cross country...

    , Olympic bronze medalist runner
  • George W. Kittredge
    George W. Kittredge
    George Washington Kittredge was a U.S. Representative from New Hampshire.Born in Epping, New Hampshire, Kittredge received a liberal schooling...

    , congressman
  • Bill Morrissey
    Bill Morrissey
    Bill Morrissey was an American folk singer/songwriter from New Hampshire. Many of his songs reflect the harsh realities of life in crumbling New England mill towns.-Career:Morrissey was born in Hartford, Connecticut...

    , singer
  • Say Zuzu
    Say Zuzu
    Say Zuzu is a roots rock band originally based in Newmarket, New Hampshire. The group was formed in 1992 by brothers Jon and James Nolan, and their longtime friend Cliff Murphy...

    , rock band
  • William B. Small
    William B. Small
    William Bradbury Small was a U.S. Representative from New Hampshire.Born in Limington, Maine, Small moved with his parents to Ossipee, New Hampshire. He attended the public schools and Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, New Hampshire...

    , congressman
  • Henry Tufts
    Henry Tufts
    Henry Tufts was an infamous 18th century thief who committed various crimes in northern New England. Most of what we know about his life and crimes comes from his 1807 autobiography A Narrative of the Life, Adventures, Travels and Sufferings of Henry Tufts, Now Residing at Lemington, in the...

    , thief and autobiographer

Sites of interest


Further reading


External links

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