New Zealand general election, 1981
Encyclopedia
The 1981 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the 40th
New Zealand Parliament. It saw the governing National Party
, led by Robert Muldoon
, win a third term in office, although the opposition Labour Party
, led by Bill Rowling
, actually won the largest share of the votes cast.
governed with 50 seats, while the opposition Labour Party
held 40 seats. The Social Credit Party
held two (one of which had been taken from National in a recent by-election). The National Party had won a landslide victory in the 1975 election
, but in the 1978 election
, although remaining in office, had lost ground. The style of Robert Muldoon
's leadership was growing increasingly unpopular, both with his party and with the public, and there had been an abortive leadership challenge by Brian Talboys
in 1980. Some commentators believed that the 1981 election would mark an end to Muldoon's government.
The opposition Labour Party was led by Bill Rowling
, who had been leader of the party in the past two elections. While Rowling had performed poorly against Muldoon in 1975, and was generally viewed by the public as weak, he had gradually recovered a measure of public respect. In the previous election, Labour had actually won a plurality of the vote, but did not win a majority of the seats. Many believed that this time, Labour would manage to convert its support into seats, although that would prove not to be the case.
Not all of Muldoon's opponents gave their support to Rowling and the Labour Party, however - the small Social Credit Party, traditionally New Zealand's "third party", was enjoying strong support, although the first-past-the-post
electoral system made it difficult for Social Credit to win seats.
win 47 of the 92 seats in parliament, a drop of three from before the election (National lost Hunua, Kapiti, Miramar and Wellington Central but won Taupo). This meant that National kept its majority by only a single seat, a fact which would prove highly problematic over the next parliamentary term. The Labour Party
won 43 seats, a gain of three (Labour won Hunua, Kapiti, Miramar and Wellington Central but lost Taupo). The Social Credit Party
managed to retain its two seats, East Coast Bays and Rangitikei.
For the second election in a row, Labour
won more votes than National
, but fewer seats, allowing National to retain government despite not winning the popular vote. Social Credit
won more than 20% of the popular vote but only two seats. This result, and that of 1978
, contributed to New Zealand adopting the Mixed Member Proportional system of proportional representation
in the 1990s.
40th New Zealand Parliament
The 40th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the Parliament of New Zealand. Its composition was determined by the 1981 elections, and it sat until the 1984 elections....
New Zealand Parliament. It saw the governing National Party
New Zealand National Party
The New Zealand National Party is the largest party in the New Zealand House of Representatives and in November 2008 formed a minority government with support from three minor parties.-Policies:...
, led by Robert Muldoon
Robert Muldoon
Sir Robert David "Rob" Muldoon, GCMG, CH served as the 31st Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1975 to 1984, as leader of the governing National Party. Muldoon had been a prominent member of the National party and MP for the Tamaki electorate for some years prior to becoming leader of the party...
, win a third term in office, although the opposition Labour Party
New Zealand Labour Party
The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party. It describes itself as centre-left and socially progressive and has been one of the two primary parties of New Zealand politics since 1935....
, led by Bill Rowling
Bill Rowling
Sir Wallace Edward Rowling, KCMG , often known as Bill Rowling, was the 30th Prime Minister of New Zealand. He was in office for just over a year, having been appointed Prime Minister following the death of the highly popular Norman Kirk...
, actually won the largest share of the votes cast.
Background
Before the election, the National PartyNew Zealand National Party
The New Zealand National Party is the largest party in the New Zealand House of Representatives and in November 2008 formed a minority government with support from three minor parties.-Policies:...
governed with 50 seats, while the opposition Labour Party
New Zealand Labour Party
The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party. It describes itself as centre-left and socially progressive and has been one of the two primary parties of New Zealand politics since 1935....
held 40 seats. The Social Credit Party
Social Credit Party (New Zealand)
The New Zealand Social Credit Party was a political party which served as the country's "third party" from the 1950s through into the 1980s. The party held a number of seats in the New Zealand Parliament, although never more than two at a time...
held two (one of which had been taken from National in a recent by-election). The National Party had won a landslide victory in the 1975 election
New Zealand general election, 1975
The 1975 New Zealand general election was held to elect MPs to the 38th session of the New Zealand Parliament. It was the first election in New Zealand where 18-20 year olds and all permanent residents of New Zealand were eligible to vote, although only citizens were able to be...
, but in the 1978 election
New Zealand general election, 1978
The 1978 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to elect the 39th New Zealand Parliament. It saw the governing National Party, led by Robert Muldoon, retain office, although the opposition Labour Party managed to win the largest share of the vote...
, although remaining in office, had lost ground. The style of Robert Muldoon
Robert Muldoon
Sir Robert David "Rob" Muldoon, GCMG, CH served as the 31st Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1975 to 1984, as leader of the governing National Party. Muldoon had been a prominent member of the National party and MP for the Tamaki electorate for some years prior to becoming leader of the party...
's leadership was growing increasingly unpopular, both with his party and with the public, and there had been an abortive leadership challenge by Brian Talboys
Brian Talboys
Sir Brian Edward Talboys, CH, KCB, AC, is a former New Zealand politician. He served as Deputy Prime Minister for the first two terms of Robert Muldoon's premiership. If the abortive "Colonels' Coup" against Muldoon had been successful, Talboys would have become Prime Minister himself.-Early...
in 1980. Some commentators believed that the 1981 election would mark an end to Muldoon's government.
The opposition Labour Party was led by Bill Rowling
Bill Rowling
Sir Wallace Edward Rowling, KCMG , often known as Bill Rowling, was the 30th Prime Minister of New Zealand. He was in office for just over a year, having been appointed Prime Minister following the death of the highly popular Norman Kirk...
, who had been leader of the party in the past two elections. While Rowling had performed poorly against Muldoon in 1975, and was generally viewed by the public as weak, he had gradually recovered a measure of public respect. In the previous election, Labour had actually won a plurality of the vote, but did not win a majority of the seats. Many believed that this time, Labour would manage to convert its support into seats, although that would prove not to be the case.
Not all of Muldoon's opponents gave their support to Rowling and the Labour Party, however - the small Social Credit Party, traditionally New Zealand's "third party", was enjoying strong support, although the first-past-the-post
First-past-the-post
First-past-the-post voting refers to an election won by the candidate with the most votes. The winning potato candidate does not necessarily receive an absolute majority of all votes cast.-Overview:...
electoral system made it difficult for Social Credit to win seats.
The election
The election was held on 28 November. 2,034,747 people were registered to vote, and 91.4% turned out. This was a markedly higher turnout than recorded for the previous election, but as the official statistics for that election are regarded as highly misleading, the comparison is probably not valid. It is likely that turnout in the 1981 election was about the same as in the election before it.Summary of results
The 1981 election saw the National PartyNew Zealand National Party
The New Zealand National Party is the largest party in the New Zealand House of Representatives and in November 2008 formed a minority government with support from three minor parties.-Policies:...
win 47 of the 92 seats in parliament, a drop of three from before the election (National lost Hunua, Kapiti, Miramar and Wellington Central but won Taupo). This meant that National kept its majority by only a single seat, a fact which would prove highly problematic over the next parliamentary term. The Labour Party
New Zealand Labour Party
The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party. It describes itself as centre-left and socially progressive and has been one of the two primary parties of New Zealand politics since 1935....
won 43 seats, a gain of three (Labour won Hunua, Kapiti, Miramar and Wellington Central but lost Taupo). The Social Credit Party
Social Credit Party (New Zealand)
The New Zealand Social Credit Party was a political party which served as the country's "third party" from the 1950s through into the 1980s. The party held a number of seats in the New Zealand Parliament, although never more than two at a time...
managed to retain its two seats, East Coast Bays and Rangitikei.
For the second election in a row, Labour
New Zealand Labour Party
The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party. It describes itself as centre-left and socially progressive and has been one of the two primary parties of New Zealand politics since 1935....
won more votes than National
New Zealand National Party
The New Zealand National Party is the largest party in the New Zealand House of Representatives and in November 2008 formed a minority government with support from three minor parties.-Policies:...
, but fewer seats, allowing National to retain government despite not winning the popular vote. Social Credit
Social Credit Party (New Zealand)
The New Zealand Social Credit Party was a political party which served as the country's "third party" from the 1950s through into the 1980s. The party held a number of seats in the New Zealand Parliament, although never more than two at a time...
won more than 20% of the popular vote but only two seats. This result, and that of 1978
New Zealand general election, 1978
The 1978 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to elect the 39th New Zealand Parliament. It saw the governing National Party, led by Robert Muldoon, retain office, although the opposition Labour Party managed to win the largest share of the vote...
, contributed to New Zealand adopting the Mixed Member Proportional system of proportional representation
Proportional representation
Proportional representation is a concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council. PR means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received. For example, under a PR voting system if 30% of voters support a particular...
in the 1990s.
Party totals
| Party | Candidates | Total votes | Percentage | Seats won |
| National Party New Zealand National Party The New Zealand National Party is the largest party in the New Zealand House of Representatives and in November 2008 formed a minority government with support from three minor parties.-Policies:... |
92 | 698,508 | 38.77% | 47 |
| Labour Party New Zealand Labour Party The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party. It describes itself as centre-left and socially progressive and has been one of the two primary parties of New Zealand politics since 1935.... |
92 | 702,630 | 39.01% | 43 |
| Social Credit Party Social Credit Party (New Zealand) The New Zealand Social Credit Party was a political party which served as the country's "third party" from the 1950s through into the 1980s. The party held a number of seats in the New Zealand Parliament, although never more than two at a time... |
92 | 372,056 | 20.65% | 2 |
| Mana Motuhake Mana Motuhake Mana Māori Motuhake was a Māori political party in New Zealand. The name is difficult to translate accurately, but essentially refers to Māori self-rule and self-determination — mana, in this context, can be understood as "authority" or "power", while motuhake can be understood as... |
4 | 8,332 | 0.46% | - |
| Values Party Values Party The Values Party, considered the world's first national-level environmentalist party that pre-dated any fashionable Green terminology, was established in 1972 at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, one of its initial leaders being Tony Brunt... |
17 | 3,460 | 0.19% | - |
| Independents Independent (politician) In politics, an independent or non-party politician is an individual not affiliated to any political party. Independents may hold a centrist viewpoint between those of major political parties, a viewpoint more extreme than any major party, or they may have a viewpoint based on issues that they do... (including Mel Courtney Mel Courtney Melvyn Francis Courtney is a former Labour then Independent Member of Parliament for Nelson, in the South Island of New Zealand.-Member of Parliament:... and Aubrey Begg Aubrey Begg Aubrey Wilbert Begg is a former New Zealand Member of Parliament, for Awarua in Southland.-Member of Parliament:Begg represented the Awarua electorate for the Labour Party in the New Zealand House of Representatives from 1972 to 1975. In the 1978 election, he was the Labour candidate for... ) |
3 | 11,221 | 0.62% | - |
| Miscellaneous | 39 | 5,096 | 0.28% | - |
| Total | 338 | 1,801,303 | 92 |
Individual electorate results
| Albany | Don McKinnon Don McKinnon Sir Donald Charles "Don" McKinnon, ONZ, GCVO is a former Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of New Zealand. He was the Secretary-General of the Commonwealth of Nations from 2000 until 2008.-Early life:... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Don McKinnon Don McKinnon Sir Donald Charles "Don" McKinnon, ONZ, GCVO is a former Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of New Zealand. He was the Secretary-General of the Commonwealth of Nations from 2000 until 2008.-Early life:... (National) |
2nd Place: B Mockridge (Labour) | |
| Ashburton | Rob Talbot Rob Talbot Robert Leslie Gapper Talbot was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. A Muldoon loyalist, he was a cabinet minister 1981-84 in the Third National Government, as Postmaster-General and Minister of Tourism .... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Rob Talbot Rob Talbot Robert Leslie Gapper Talbot was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. A Muldoon loyalist, he was a cabinet minister 1981-84 in the Third National Government, as Postmaster-General and Minister of Tourism .... (National) |
2nd Place: A J Srhoy (Labour) | |
| Auckland Central | Richard Prebble Richard Prebble Richard William Prebble CBE, born 7 February 1948, was for many years a member of the New Zealand Parliament. Initially a member of the Labour Party, he joined the newly formed ACT New Zealand party under Roger Douglas in 1996.-Early and personal life:... (Labour) |
|
| Incumbent: Richard Prebble Richard Prebble Richard William Prebble CBE, born 7 February 1948, was for many years a member of the New Zealand Parliament. Initially a member of the Labour Party, he joined the newly formed ACT New Zealand party under Roger Douglas in 1996.-Early and personal life:... (Labour) |
2nd Place: R D Reid (National) | |
| Avon | Mary Batchelor Mary Batchelor Mary Dorothy Batchelor, QSO was a Labour Member of Parliament for the Avon electorate for 15 years from 1972 to 1987.... (Labour) |
|
| Incumbent: Mary Batchelor Mary Batchelor Mary Dorothy Batchelor, QSO was a Labour Member of Parliament for the Avon electorate for 15 years from 1972 to 1987.... (Labour) |
2nd Place: C M McNicholl (National) | |
| Awarua | Rex Austin Rex Austin William Rex Austin, known as Rex Austin, was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.In the 1975 election he was elected to Parliament as the National Party MP for Awarua, which he represented until 1987.... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Rex Austin Rex Austin William Rex Austin, known as Rex Austin, was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.In the 1975 election he was elected to Parliament as the National Party MP for Awarua, which he represented until 1987.... (National) |
2nd Place: R G Fitzgerald (Labour) | |
| Bay of Islands | Neill Austin (National) | |
| Incumbent: Neill Austin (National) | 2nd Place: Leslie William Hunter (Social Credit) | |
| Birkenhead | Jim McLay Jim McLay James Kenneth McLay, CNZM, QSO , generally known as Jim McLay, is a former New Zealand politician. He was Deputy Prime Minister, leader of the National Party and Leader of the Opposition for a short time. McLay is currently New Zealand's Permanent Representative to the United Nations.-Early... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Jim McLay Jim McLay James Kenneth McLay, CNZM, QSO , generally known as Jim McLay, is a former New Zealand politician. He was Deputy Prime Minister, leader of the National Party and Leader of the Opposition for a short time. McLay is currently New Zealand's Permanent Representative to the United Nations.-Early... (National) |
2nd Place: H W Smith (Labour) | |
| Christchurch Central | Geoffrey Palmer (Labour) | |
| Incumbent: Geoffrey Palmer (Labour) | 2nd Place: I G B Wilson (National) | |
| Clutha | Robin Gray Robin Gray (New Zealand) Sir Robert "Robin" McDowall Gray is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1978 to 1996, and served as Speaker of the House of Representatives between 1990 and 1993.-Early life:Gray was born in Borgue, Scotland... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Robin Gray Robin Gray (New Zealand) Sir Robert "Robin" McDowall Gray is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1978 to 1996, and served as Speaker of the House of Representatives between 1990 and 1993.-Early life:Gray was born in Borgue, Scotland... (National) |
2nd Place: Clive Matthewson Clive Matthewson Clive Denby Matthewson MNZM , is a former New Zealand politician.Matthewson was originally a member of the Labour Party, representing the Dunedin West seat. He left Labour in 1995 to jointly establish the United New Zealand party with six other sitting MPs... (Labour) |
|
| Dunedin Central | Brian MacDonell Brian MacDonell Brian Peter MacDonell, QSO, is a former New Zealand Member of Parliament for Dunedin Central, in the South Island.MacDonell represented the Dunedin Central electorate in Parliament for 21 years from 1963 to 1984. He was Parliamentary Under-Secretary for Trade & Industry and Energy Resources... (Labour) |
|
| Incumbent: Brian MacDonell Brian MacDonell Brian Peter MacDonell, QSO, is a former New Zealand Member of Parliament for Dunedin Central, in the South Island.MacDonell represented the Dunedin Central electorate in Parliament for 21 years from 1963 to 1984. He was Parliamentary Under-Secretary for Trade & Industry and Energy Resources... (Labour) |
2nd Place: N R King (National) | |
| Dunedin North | Stan Rodger Stan Rodger Stanley Joseph Rodger was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Dunedin North in Parliament from 1978 to 1990, when he retired and was replaced by Pete Hodgson. He was the Minister of Labour and formerly employed by the Public Service Association... (Labour) |
|
| Incumbent: Stan Rodger Stan Rodger Stanley Joseph Rodger was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Dunedin North in Parliament from 1978 to 1990, when he retired and was replaced by Pete Hodgson. He was the Minister of Labour and formerly employed by the Public Service Association... (Labour) |
2nd Place: C D Bleach (National) | |
| East Cape | Duncan MacIntyre Duncan MacIntyre (New Zealand) Brigadier-General Duncan MacIntyre, CMG, DSO, OBE, ED, PC was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. He served as Deputy Prime Minister from 1981 to 1984 under Prime Minister Robert Muldoon.-Member of Parliament:... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Duncan MacIntyre Duncan MacIntyre (New Zealand) Brigadier-General Duncan MacIntyre, CMG, DSO, OBE, ED, PC was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. He served as Deputy Prime Minister from 1981 to 1984 under Prime Minister Robert Muldoon.-Member of Parliament:... (National) |
2nd Place: P A Dey (Labour) | |
| East Coast Bays | Gary Knapp Gary Knapp Garry Thomas Knapp was a New Zealand politician of the Social Credit Party.He became Member of Parliament for East Coast Bays in 1980 when he defeated National candidate Don Brash in the 1980 by-election in East Coast Bays caused by the resignation of the sitting National MP... (Social Credit) |
|
| Incumbent: Gary Knapp Gary Knapp Garry Thomas Knapp was a New Zealand politician of the Social Credit Party.He became Member of Parliament for East Coast Bays in 1980 when he defeated National candidate Don Brash in the 1980 by-election in East Coast Bays caused by the resignation of the sitting National MP... (Social Credit) |
2nd Place: Don Brash Don Brash Donald "Don" Thomas Brash , a New Zealand politician, was Leader of the Opposition, parliamentary leader of the National Party from 28 October 2003 to 27 November 2006 and the leader of the ACT Party for 28th April 2011 - 26 November 2011... (National) |
|
| Eastern Hutt | Trevor Young Trevor Young Trevor James Young was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Hutt in Parliament from 1968 to 1978, and then the Eastern Hutt electorate from 1978 to 1990, when he was replaced by Paul Swain.... (Labour) |
|
| Incumbent: Trevor Young Trevor Young Trevor James Young was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Hutt in Parliament from 1968 to 1978, and then the Eastern Hutt electorate from 1978 to 1990, when he was replaced by Paul Swain.... (Labour) |
2nd Place: A J Duthie (National) | |
| Eden | Aussie Malcolm (National) | |
| Incumbent: Aussie Malcolm (National) | 2nd Place: I K Scott (Labour) | |
| Fendalton | Philip Burdon Philip Burdon Philip Burdon is a former New Zealand politician and lawyer by profession. He is also part owner of Meadow Mushrooms. He was an MP from 1981 to 1996, representing the National Party... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Eric Holland Eric Holland (politician) Eric Sidney Fostyn Holland is a New Zealand politician who served as cabinet minister and was an elected member of the Parliament of New Zealand from 1967 to 1981.... (National) |
2nd Place: D C Close (Labour) | |
| Gisborne | Bob Bell Robert Linfield Bell Robert Linfield Bell was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Gisborne electorate in Parliament from 1975 to 1984, when he was defeated by Allan Wallbank.-References:... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Bob Bell Robert Linfield Bell Robert Linfield Bell was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Gisborne electorate in Parliament from 1975 to 1984, when he was defeated by Allan Wallbank.-References:... (National) |
2nd Place: Allan Wallbank Allan Wallbank Allan Robert Wallbank was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Gisborne in Parliament from 1984 to 1990. He was defeated by Wayne Kimber; one of a number of losses contributing to the fall of the Fourth Labour Government.-References:... (Labour) |
|
| Hamilton East | Ian Shearer Ian Shearer Ian John Shearer was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Hamilton East electorate in Parliament from 1975 to 1984, when he was defeated by Bill Dillon. He was a cabinet minister.-References:... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Ian Shearer Ian Shearer Ian John Shearer was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Hamilton East electorate in Parliament from 1975 to 1984, when he was defeated by Bill Dillon. He was a cabinet minister.-References:... (National) |
2nd Place: L J Welch (Labour) | |
| Hamilton West | Mike Minogue Mike Minogue Michael John "Mike" Minogue was a National Party politician, lawyer and mayor.He was Mayor of Hamilton, New Zealand between 1968 and 1976, when he resigned to become a Member of Parliament... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Mike Minogue Mike Minogue Michael John "Mike" Minogue was a National Party politician, lawyer and mayor.He was Mayor of Hamilton, New Zealand between 1968 and 1976, when he resigned to become a Member of Parliament... (National) |
2nd Place: P O McCaffrey (Labour) | |
| Hastings | David Butcher David Butcher David John Butcher is a former New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Hastings in Parliament from 1978 to 1990, when he was defeated by Jeff Whitaker: one of a number of losses contributing to the fall of the Fourth Labour Government... (Labour) |
|
| Incumbent: David Butcher David Butcher David John Butcher is a former New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Hastings in Parliament from 1978 to 1990, when he was defeated by Jeff Whitaker: one of a number of losses contributing to the fall of the Fourth Labour Government... (Labour) |
2nd Place: H F W Kynoch (National) | |
| Hauraki | Graeme Lee Graeme Lee Graeme Ernest Lee, MZNM, JP is a former New Zealand politician. Originally a National Party MP, he broke away to found the Christian Democrat Party.-Member of Parliament:... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Leo Schultz Leo Schultz Leo Charles Schultz was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. He was a farmer.He represented the electorate of Hauraki in Parliament from 1969 to 1972, Coromandel from 1972 to 1978 and then Hauraki again from 1978 to 1981, when he retired.-References:*New Zealand Parliamentary Record... (National) |
2nd Place: G O Miller (Labour) | |
| Hawke's Bay | Richard Harrison (National) | |
| Incumbent: Richard Harrison (National) | 2nd Place: M. E. (Mike) Cullen (Labour) | |
| Helensville | Dail Jones Dail Jones Dail Michael John Jones QSO is a New Zealand politician. He is a member of the New Zealand First party, and was formerly in the National Party.-Early life:Jones was born in Karachi, Pakistan, and attended Karachi Grammar School... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Dail Jones Dail Jones Dail Michael John Jones QSO is a New Zealand politician. He is a member of the New Zealand First party, and was formerly in the National Party.-Early life:Jones was born in Karachi, Pakistan, and attended Karachi Grammar School... (National) |
2nd Place: Jack Elder Jack Elder Jack Arnold Elder is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1984 to 1999, representing first the Labour Party, then New Zealand First, and then Mauri Pacific.-Early life:... (Labour) |
|
| Heretaunga | Bill Jeffries Bill Jeffries William Patrick "Bill" Jeffries was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the Heretaunga electorate from 1981 to 1990, when he was defeated by a National candidate in a swing against Labour.... (Labour) |
|
| Incumbent: Ron Bailey Ron Bailey (New Zealand) Ronald "Ron" Leslie Bailey was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party. He was the Member of Parliament for Heretaunga from 1960 to 1981, when he retired.... (Labour) |
2nd Place: R A J Palmer (National) | |
| Horowhenua | Geoff Thompson Geoffrey Thompson Geoffrey "Geoff" William Fleetwood Thompson, CNZM was the former New Zealand Member of Parliament for Horowhenua, in the North Island.-Member of Parliament:... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Geoff Thompson Geoffrey Thompson Geoffrey "Geoff" William Fleetwood Thompson, CNZM was the former New Zealand Member of Parliament for Horowhenua, in the North Island.-Member of Parliament:... (National) |
2nd Place: D G Page (Labour) | |
| Hunua | Colin Moyle Colin Moyle Colin James Moyle, CBE is a former politician of the New Zealand Labour Party. He was a Government Minister in the Third Labour and Fourth Labour Governments. In the Fourth Labour Government he oversaw the removal of farming subsidies and the establishment of a fisheries quota system.-Early... (Labour) |
|
| Incumbent: Winston Peters Winston Peters Winston Raymond Peters is a New Zealand politician and leader of New Zealand First, a political party he founded in 1993. Peters has had a turbulent political career since entering Parliament in 1978. He served as Minister of Maori Affairs in the Bolger National Party Government before being... (National) |
2nd Place: Winston Peters Winston Peters Winston Raymond Peters is a New Zealand politician and leader of New Zealand First, a political party he founded in 1993. Peters has had a turbulent political career since entering Parliament in 1978. He served as Minister of Maori Affairs in the Bolger National Party Government before being... (National) |
|
| Invercargill | Norm Jones (National) | |
| Incumbent: Norm Jones (National) | 2nd Place: Dougal Soper (Labour) | |
| Island Bay | Frank O'Flynn Frank O'Flynn Francis Duncan O'Flynn QC. was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the seat of Kapiti from 1972 to 1975, when he was defeated, and then Island Bay from 1978 to 1990, when he retired. He was the Minister of Defence from 1984 to 1987.He was a Queen's Counsel... (Labour) |
|
| Incumbent: Frank O'Flynn Frank O'Flynn Francis Duncan O'Flynn QC. was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the seat of Kapiti from 1972 to 1975, when he was defeated, and then Island Bay from 1978 to 1990, when he retired. He was the Minister of Defence from 1984 to 1987.He was a Queen's Counsel... (Labour) |
2nd Place: D H Catley (National) | |
| Kaimai | Bruce Townshend Bruce Townshend Charles Bruce Townshend, known as Bruce Townshend was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Kaimai electorate in Parliament from 1978 to 1987, when he died. Robert Anderson was elected later that year to replace him.-References:New Zealand Parliamentary Record 1840-1984... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Bruce Townshend Bruce Townshend Charles Bruce Townshend, known as Bruce Townshend was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Kaimai electorate in Parliament from 1978 to 1987, when he died. Robert Anderson was elected later that year to replace him.-References:New Zealand Parliamentary Record 1840-1984... (National) |
2nd Place: D J F Conway (Social Credit) | |
| Kaipara | Peter Wilkinson (National) | |
| Incumbent: Peter Wilkinson (National) | 2nd Place: N C Connachy (Social Credit) | |
| Kapiti | Margaret Shields Margaret Shields Dame Margaret Kerslake Shields, DNZM, QSO, JP is a former New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.She represented the electorate of Kapiti in Parliament from 1981 to 1990, when she was defeated by Roger Sowry, one of a number of losses contributing to the fall of the Fourth Labour Government... (Labour) |
|
| Incumbent: Barry Brill Barry Brill Barry Edward Brill is a New Zealand politician and a lawyer. Brill was a cabinet minister in the Third National Government from 1978 to 1981.-Member of Parliament:... (National ) |
2nd Place: Barry Brill Barry Brill Barry Edward Brill is a New Zealand politician and a lawyer. Brill was a cabinet minister in the Third National Government from 1978 to 1981.-Member of Parliament:... (National) |
|
| King Country | Jim Bolger Jim Bolger James Brendan "Jim" Bolger, ONZ was the 35th Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1990 to 1997. Bolger was elected on the promise of delivering a "Decent Society" following the previous Labour government's economic reforms, known as Rogernomics... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Jim Bolger Jim Bolger James Brendan "Jim" Bolger, ONZ was the 35th Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1990 to 1997. Bolger was elected on the promise of delivering a "Decent Society" following the previous Labour government's economic reforms, known as Rogernomics... (National) |
2nd Place: D H Mason (Labour) | |
| Lyttelton | Ann Hercus Ann Hercus Dame Margaret Ann Sayers Hercus DCMG, BA, LLB , best known as Ann Hercus, is a New Zealand politician and diplomat... (Labour) |
|
| Incumbent: Ann Hercus Ann Hercus Dame Margaret Ann Sayers Hercus DCMG, BA, LLB , best known as Ann Hercus, is a New Zealand politician and diplomat... (Labour) |
2nd Place: Simon Stamers-Smith (National) | |
| Manawatu | Michael Cox Michael Cox (Politician) Michael Ernest Christopher Cox, , was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Manawatu electorate in Parliament from 1978 to 1987, when he was defeated by David Robinson... (National) |
|
| Incumbent: Michael Cox Michael Cox (Politician) Michael Ernest Christopher Cox, , was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Manawatu electorate in Parliament from 1978 to 1987, when he was defeated by David Robinson... (National) |
2nd Place: D G Kessell (Labour) | |
| Mangere | David Lange David Lange David Russell Lange, ONZ, CH , served as the 32nd Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1984 to 1989. He headed New Zealand's fourth Labour Government, one of the most reforming administrations in his country's history, but one which did not always conform to traditional expectations of a... (Labour) |
|
| Incumbent: David Lange David Lange David Russell Lange, ONZ, CH , served as the 32nd Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1984 to 1989. He headed New Zealand's fourth Labour Government, one of the most reforming administrations in his country's history, but one which did not always conform to traditional expectations of a... (Labour) |
2nd Place: J F Pettit (Social Credit) | |
| Manurewa | Roger Douglas Roger Douglas Sir Roger Owen Douglas , is a New Zealand politician who formerly served as a senior New Zealand Labour Party Cabinet minister. He became arguably best-known for his prominent role in the radical economic restructuring undertaken by the Fourth Labour Government during the 1980s... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Roger Douglas Roger Douglas Sir Roger Owen Douglas , is a New Zealand politician who formerly served as a senior New Zealand Labour Party Cabinet minister. He became arguably best-known for his prominent role in the radical economic restructuring undertaken by the Fourth Labour Government during the 1980s... (Labour) |
2nd Place: K T Ralph (National) | |
| Marlborough | Doug Kidd Doug Kidd Sir Douglas Lorimer Kidd, KNZM is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1978 to 2002, representing the National Party. He served for three years as Speaker of the House of Representatives.-Early life:... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Doug Kidd Doug Kidd Sir Douglas Lorimer Kidd, KNZM is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1978 to 2002, representing the National Party. He served for three years as Speaker of the House of Representatives.-Early life:... (National) |
2nd Place: G E Macann (Labour) | |
| Matamata | John Luxton John Luxton Murray John Finlay Luxton, QSO is a former New Zealand National Party politician, and a son of Jack Luxton who had previously held the same seat of Matamata... (National) |
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| Incumbent: John Luxton John Luxton Murray John Finlay Luxton, QSO is a former New Zealand National Party politician, and a son of Jack Luxton who had previously held the same seat of Matamata... (National) |
2nd Place: D R Mawdsley (Social Credit) | |
| Miramar | Peter Neilson (Labour) | |
| Incumbent: Bill Young Bill Young (New Zealand) William "Bill" Lambert Young, CMG, was a New Zealand politician, born in Kawakawa. He attended Ngawha Native School where his parents were teachers, and then Wellington College.... (National) |
2nd Place: Bill Young Bill Young (New Zealand) William "Bill" Lambert Young, CMG, was a New Zealand politician, born in Kawakawa. He attended Ngawha Native School where his parents were teachers, and then Wellington College.... (National) |
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| Mount Albert | Helen Clark Helen Clark Helen Elizabeth Clark, ONZ is a New Zealand political figure who was the 37th Prime Minister of New Zealand for three consecutive terms from 1999 to 2008... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Warren Freer Warren Freer Warren Wilfred Freer was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the Mount Albert electorate in Parliament from 1947 to 1981, when he retired. He was only 26 when he entered Parliament in a by-election for the Mount Albert seat following the death of Arthur Richards, and he... (Labour) |
2nd Place: Warren W Moyes (National) | |
| Napier | Geoff Braybrooke Geoff Braybrooke Geoffrey Bernard Braybrooke, QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1981 to 2002, representing the Labour Party. He was one of the party's more conservative MPs.-Early years:... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Gordon Christie Gordon Christie Gordon Christie, MBE was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Napier in Parliament from 1966 to 1981, when he retired and was replaced by Geoff Braybrooke.He was awarded a MBE in 1984.... (Labour) |
2nd Place: K J Rose (National) | |
| Nelson | Philip Woollaston Philip Woollaston Hon Philip Tosswill Edmond Woollaston was a New Zealand member of Parliament of the Labour Party from 1981 to 1990 and Mayor of Nelson, New Zealand from 1992 to 1998.... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Mel Courtney Mel Courtney Melvyn Francis Courtney is a former Labour then Independent Member of Parliament for Nelson, in the South Island of New Zealand.-Member of Parliament:... (Labour) |
2nd Place: Mel Courtney Mel Courtney Melvyn Francis Courtney is a former Labour then Independent Member of Parliament for Nelson, in the South Island of New Zealand.-Member of Parliament:... (Independent) |
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| New Lynn | Jonathan Hunt Jonathan Hunt (New Zealand) Jonathan Lucas Hunt, ONZ is a New Zealand politician, and was New Zealand's High Commissioner to the United Kingdom from 2005 to March 2008. He formerly served as Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives. He is a member of the Labour Party, and was until recently the longest-serving MP... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Jonathan Hunt Jonathan Hunt (New Zealand) Jonathan Lucas Hunt, ONZ is a New Zealand politician, and was New Zealand's High Commissioner to the United Kingdom from 2005 to March 2008. He formerly served as Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives. He is a member of the Labour Party, and was until recently the longest-serving MP... (Labour) |
2nd Place: R A Hanson (National) | |
| New Plymouth | Tony Friedlander Tony Friedlander Anthony Peter David Friedlander was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the New Plymouth electorate in Parliament from 1975 to 1987, when he was defeated by Harry Duynhoven... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Tony Friedlander Tony Friedlander Anthony Peter David Friedlander was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the New Plymouth electorate in Parliament from 1975 to 1987, when he was defeated by Harry Duynhoven... (National) |
2nd Place: D W Duggan (Labour) | |
| North Shore | George Gair George Gair George Frederick Gair, CMG, QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He was once deputy leader of the National Party in the Parliament of New Zealand, and was considered by many to be a possible contender for the leadership itself... (National) |
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| Incumbent: George Gair George Gair George Frederick Gair, CMG, QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He was once deputy leader of the National Party in the Parliament of New Zealand, and was considered by many to be a possible contender for the leadership itself... (National) |
2nd Place: P G Chambers (Labour) | |
| Ohariu | Hugh Templeton Hugh Templeton Hugh Campbell Templeton QSO AO is a former New Zealand diplomat, politician and member of parliament for the National Party.-Early life and family:Templeton was born in Southland... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Hugh Templeton Hugh Templeton Hugh Campbell Templeton QSO AO is a former New Zealand diplomat, politician and member of parliament for the National Party.-Early life and family:Templeton was born in Southland... (National) |
2nd Place: N R Ely (Labour) | |
| Onehunga | Fred Gerbic Fred Gerbic Frederick "Fred" Miroslav Gerbic, MBE was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.-Member of Parliament:He was elected in the ensuing by-election to replace Frank Rogers in the seat of Onehunga when Rogers died in 1980. He retired in 1990, when he was defeated by National's Graham... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Fred Gerbic Fred Gerbic Frederick "Fred" Miroslav Gerbic, MBE was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.-Member of Parliament:He was elected in the ensuing by-election to replace Frank Rogers in the seat of Onehunga when Rogers died in 1980. He retired in 1990, when he was defeated by National's Graham... (Labour) |
2nd Place: Sue Wood Sue Wood Suzanne Mary Wood, born in Onehunga in 1948, was the president of the National Party from 1982 to 1986, the first woman to hold the post. She had been a teacher, journalist and swimming coach.... (National) |
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| Otago | Warren Cooper Warren Cooper Warren Cooper QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He was a National Party MP from 1975 to 1996, holding cabinet positions including Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister of Defence. Cooper also twice served as Mayor of Queenstown, from 1968 to 1975 and 1995 to 2001.-Early life:Cooper was... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Warren Cooper Warren Cooper Warren Cooper QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He was a National Party MP from 1975 to 1996, holding cabinet positions including Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister of Defence. Cooper also twice served as Mayor of Queenstown, from 1968 to 1975 and 1995 to 2001.-Early life:Cooper was... (National) |
2nd Place: B O Griffiths (Labour) | |
| Otahuhu | Bob Tizard (Labour) | |
| Incumbent: Bob Tizard (Labour) | 2nd Place: S McDowell (National) | |
| Pahiatua | John Falloon John Falloon John Howard Falloon was a New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1977 to 1996, representing the National Party in the Pahiatua electorate.... (National) |
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| Incumbent: John Falloon John Falloon John Howard Falloon was a New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1977 to 1996, representing the National Party in the Pahiatua electorate.... (National) |
2nd Place: Bill Sutton (Labour) | |
| Pakuranga | Pat Hunt Pat Hunt Thomas de Vere Hunt was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.In 1978 Hunt replaced Gavin Downie as the National candidate for Pakuranga, in a controversial challenge to a sitting MP.... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Pat Hunt Pat Hunt Thomas de Vere Hunt was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.In 1978 Hunt replaced Gavin Downie as the National candidate for Pakuranga, in a controversial challenge to a sitting MP.... (National) |
2nd Place: Neil Morrison Neil Morrison Neil Joseph Morrison was a New Zealand politician of the Social Credit Party.He won the Pakuranga seat in the 1984 election by 419 votes, from two-term MP Pat Hunt. Garry Knapp retained East Coast Bays, but the party leader Bruce Beetham lost his Rangitikei seat.In 1986 Beetham lost the leadership... (Social Credit) |
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| Palmerston North | Trevor De Cleene Trevor De Cleene Trevor Albert de Cleene was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party, and a lawyer.-Member of Parliament:He represented the Palmerston North electorate in Parliament from 1981 to 1990.... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Joe Walding Joe Walding Joseph Albert Walding was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the Palmerston North electorate from 1967 to 1975, when he was defeated by John Lancelot Lithgow, and from 1978 to 1981, when he retired. He was a cabinet minister, and High Commissioner to the United Kingdom in... (Labour) |
2nd Place: Brian Elwood (National) | |
| Papakura | Merv Wellington Merv Wellington Mervyn Langlois "Merv" Wellington, QSO was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.-Member of Parliament:... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Merv Wellington Merv Wellington Mervyn Langlois "Merv" Wellington, QSO was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.-Member of Parliament:... (National) |
2nd Place: J S Cheeseman (Labour) | |
| Papanui | Mike Moore (Labour) | |
| Incumbent: Mike Moore (Labour) | 2nd Place: B S Keeley (National) | |
| Papatoetoe | Eddie Isbey Eddie Isbey Edward Emanuel Isbey was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorates of Grey Lynn from 1969 to 1978, and then Papatoetoe from 1978 to 1987, when he retired. He was replaced in the Papatoetoe seat by Ross Robertson.He was formerly a union official.-References:New... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Eddie Isbey Eddie Isbey Edward Emanuel Isbey was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorates of Grey Lynn from 1969 to 1978, and then Papatoetoe from 1978 to 1987, when he retired. He was replaced in the Papatoetoe seat by Ross Robertson.He was formerly a union official.-References:New... (Labour) |
2nd Place: Roy McKeen (National) | |
| Pencarrow | Fraser Colman Fraser Colman Fraser MacDonald Colman QSO was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorates of Petone from 1967 to 1978, and then when Petone was renamed, Pencarrow from 1978 to 1987, when he retired. He was replaced in Pencarrow by Sonya Davies.-Early life:Colman was born in... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Fraser Colman Fraser Colman Fraser MacDonald Colman QSO was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorates of Petone from 1967 to 1978, and then when Petone was renamed, Pencarrow from 1978 to 1987, when he retired. He was replaced in Pencarrow by Sonya Davies.-Early life:Colman was born in... (Labour) |
2nd Place: Willard Amaru (National) | |
| Porirua | Gerry Wall (Labour) | |
| Incumbent: Gerry Wall (Labour) | 2nd Place: E A Brittain (Social Credit) | |
| Rangiora | Derek Quigley Derek Quigley Derek Francis Quigley, QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He was a prominent member of the National Party during the late 1970s and early 1980s, and was known for his support of free market economics and trade liberalization... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Derek Quigley Derek Quigley Derek Francis Quigley, QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He was a prominent member of the National Party during the late 1970s and early 1980s, and was known for his support of free market economics and trade liberalization... (National) |
2nd Place: C G M Hayward (Labour) | |
| Rangiriri | Bill Birch Bill Birch Sir William Francis Birch, GNZM , usually known as Bill Birch, is a former New Zealand politician. He served as Minister of Finance for several years in the fourth National government.-Early life:... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Bill Birch Bill Birch Sir William Francis Birch, GNZM , usually known as Bill Birch, is a former New Zealand politician. He served as Minister of Finance for several years in the fourth National government.-Early life:... (National) |
2nd Place: R Hayward (Labour) | |
| Rangitikei | Bruce Beetham Bruce Beetham Bruce Craig Beetham was an academic and politician from New Zealand, whose career spanned the 1970s and early 1980s.A lecturer at Hamilton's University of Waikato and at the Hamilton Teacher's Training College, he was elected leader of the Social Credit Party in 1972, at a time when the party was... (Social Credit) |
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| Incumbent: Bruce Beetham Bruce Beetham Bruce Craig Beetham was an academic and politician from New Zealand, whose career spanned the 1970s and early 1980s.A lecturer at Hamilton's University of Waikato and at the Hamilton Teacher's Training College, he was elected leader of the Social Credit Party in 1972, at a time when the party was... (Social Credit) |
2nd Place: P M Bardwell (National) | |
| Remuera | Allan Highet Allan Highet David Allan Highet QSO was a New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1966 to 1984, representing the National Party for Remuera, holding the then largest majorities in the House.-Early life and family:... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Allan Highet Allan Highet David Allan Highet QSO was a New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1966 to 1984, representing the National Party for Remuera, holding the then largest majorities in the House.-Early life and family:... (National) |
2nd Place: Judith Tizard Judith Tizard Judith Tizard is a former New Zealand politician. She was a member of the Labour Party.-Early life:Judith Ngaire Tizard was born in Auckland in 1956... (Labour) |
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| Roskill | Phil Goff Phil Goff Philip Bruce Goff is the current Leader of the Opposition and the Leader of the New Zealand Labour Party. During the Fifth Labour Government, he served in a number of ministerial portfolios, including Minister of Defence of New Zealand, Minister of Corrections, Minister of Foreign Affairs and... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Arthur Faulkner Arthur Faulkner Arthur James Faulkner was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.-Member of Parliament:He stood unsuccessfully for the Franklin electorate in 1951 and the North Shore electorate in 1954... (Labour) |
2nd Place: C A Parsons (National) | |
| Rotorua | Paul East Paul East Paul Clayton East, CNZM, QC, is a former New Zealand politician.-Early life:Paul East was educated at King's College and The University of Auckland He was a Member of Parliament from 1978 to 1999, representing the National Party.... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Paul East Paul East Paul Clayton East, CNZM, QC, is a former New Zealand politician.-Early life:Paul East was educated at King's College and The University of Auckland He was a Member of Parliament from 1978 to 1999, representing the National Party.... (National) |
2nd Place: Johnny Lepper (Labour) | |
| St. Albans | David Caygill David Caygill David Caygill, CBE is a former New Zealand politician. After being New Zealand's youngest city councillor at 22 , he was an MP from 1978 to 1996, representing the Labour Party... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: David Caygill David Caygill David Caygill, CBE is a former New Zealand politician. After being New Zealand's youngest city councillor at 22 , he was an MP from 1978 to 1996, representing the Labour Party... (Labour) |
2nd Place: J D Baker (National) | |
| St. Kilda | Michael Cullen (Labour) | |
| Incumbent: William Fraser William Fraser (New Zealand) William Alex Fraser was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the Dunedin electorate of St Kilda from 1957 to 1981, when he retired.... (Labour) |
2nd Place: Stewart Clark (National) | |
| Selwyn | Ruth Richardson Ruth Richardson Ruth Richardson served as New Zealand's Minister of Finance from 1990 to 1993, and is known for her strong pursuit of free-market economic reforms .-Early life:... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Colin McLachlan Colin McLachlan Colin Campbell Alexander McLachlan was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. A farmer by profession, he was the Member of Parliament for Selwyn 1966–72, Rakaia 1972–78, then Selwyn again 1978–81, when he retired.... (National) |
2nd Place: W E Woods (Labour) | |
| Sydenham | John Kirk John Kirk (New Zealand politician) Norman John Kirk, generally called John Kirk, , is a former New Zealand Member of Parliament for Sydenham, in the South Island.-Early life:... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: John Kirk John Kirk (New Zealand politician) Norman John Kirk, generally called John Kirk, , is a former New Zealand Member of Parliament for Sydenham, in the South Island.-Early life:... (Labour) |
2nd Place: R R Bach (Social Credit) | |
| Tamaki | Robert Muldoon Robert Muldoon Sir Robert David "Rob" Muldoon, GCMG, CH served as the 31st Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1975 to 1984, as leader of the governing National Party. Muldoon had been a prominent member of the National party and MP for the Tamaki electorate for some years prior to becoming leader of the party... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Robert Muldoon Robert Muldoon Sir Robert David "Rob" Muldoon, GCMG, CH served as the 31st Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1975 to 1984, as leader of the governing National Party. Muldoon had been a prominent member of the National party and MP for the Tamaki electorate for some years prior to becoming leader of the party... (National) |
2nd Place: Richard Northey Richard Northey Richard John Northey, ONZM is a New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1984 to 1990, and again from 1993 to 1996. He currently serves on the Auckland Council, and is a member of the Labour Party.-Member of Parliament:... (Labour) |
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| Taranaki | David Thompson David Spence Thomson David Spence Thomson, MC was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He was a dairy farmer, born in Stratford, the son of former Stratford mayor Percy Thomson.... (National) |
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| Incumbent: David Thompson David Spence Thomson David Spence Thomson, MC was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He was a dairy farmer, born in Stratford, the son of former Stratford mayor Percy Thomson.... (National) |
2nd Place: B J Heilihy (Social Credit) | |
| Tarawera | Ian McLean Ian McLean (New Zealand) Ian McLean was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Tarawera electorate from the 1978 general election to 1990, when he retired and was replaced by Max Bradford.-References:... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Ian McLean Ian McLean (New Zealand) Ian McLean was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Tarawera electorate from the 1978 general election to 1990, when he retired and was replaced by Max Bradford.-References:... (National) |
2nd Place: N Scott (Labour) | |
| Tasman | Bill Rowling Bill Rowling Sir Wallace Edward Rowling, KCMG , often known as Bill Rowling, was the 30th Prime Minister of New Zealand. He was in office for just over a year, having been appointed Prime Minister following the death of the highly popular Norman Kirk... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Bill Rowling Bill Rowling Sir Wallace Edward Rowling, KCMG , often known as Bill Rowling, was the 30th Prime Minister of New Zealand. He was in office for just over a year, having been appointed Prime Minister following the death of the highly popular Norman Kirk... (Labour) |
2nd Place: E L Krammer (National) | |
| Taupo | Roger McClay Roger McClay Roger Neville McClay, QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He attended secondary school at Wesley College, Auckland.-Member of Parliament:... (National) |
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| Incumbent: J. W. Ridley J. W. Ridley John Wallace Ridley was a New Zealand Member of Parliament for Taupo in the North Island, a Rhodes Scholar and a civil engineer. He was awarded the QSO and the NZ 1990 Medal for services to New Zealand.-Early years:... (Labour) |
2nd Place: J. W. Ridley J. W. Ridley John Wallace Ridley was a New Zealand Member of Parliament for Taupo in the North Island, a Rhodes Scholar and a civil engineer. He was awarded the QSO and the NZ 1990 Medal for services to New Zealand.-Early years:... (Labour) |
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| Tauranga | Keith Allen Keith Reading Allen Keith Reading Allen was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. He was a Cabinet minister who held the Customs portfolio.... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Keith Allen Keith Reading Allen Keith Reading Allen was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. He was a Cabinet minister who held the Customs portfolio.... (National) |
2nd Place: T P Hills (Social Credit) | |
| Te Atatu | Michael Bassett Michael Bassett Michael Edward Rainton Bassett, QSO is a former Labour Party member of the New Zealand House of Representatives and cabinet minister in the reformist fourth Labour government... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Michael Bassett Michael Bassett Michael Edward Rainton Bassett, QSO is a former Labour Party member of the New Zealand House of Representatives and cabinet minister in the reformist fourth Labour government... (Labour) |
2nd Place: S Noble (National) | |
| Timaru | Basil Arthur Basil Arthur Sir Basil Malcolm Arthur, 5th Baronet served as Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives from 1984 to 1985. He was a member of the Labour Party.-Early life:... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Basil Arthur Basil Arthur Sir Basil Malcolm Arthur, 5th Baronet served as Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives from 1984 to 1985. He was a member of the Labour Party.-Early life:... (Labour) |
2nd Place: Jane Coughlan (National) | |
| Waikato | Simon Upton Simon Upton Simon David Upton, QSO is a former New Zealand politician and member of Parliament from 1981 to 2001, representing the National Party.-Early life:... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Simon Upton Simon Upton Simon David Upton, QSO is a former New Zealand politician and member of Parliament from 1981 to 2001, representing the National Party.-Early life:... (National) |
2nd Place: N W Johnstone (Social Credit) | |
| Waipa | Marilyn Waring Marilyn Waring Marilyn Waring, CNZM, D.Phil., D.Litt. is a New Zealand feminist, a politician, an activist for female human rights and environmental issues, an author and an academic, known for her contributions to feminist economics.... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Marilyn Waring Marilyn Waring Marilyn Waring, CNZM, D.Phil., D.Litt. is a New Zealand feminist, a politician, an activist for female human rights and environmental issues, an author and an academic, known for her contributions to feminist economics.... (National) |
2nd Place: J I Kilbride (Social Credit) | |
| Wairarapa | Ben Couch Ben Couch Manuera Benjamin Riwai Couch or, as he was generally known, Ben Couch , was a New Zealand politician and rugby union player and a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Ben Couch Ben Couch Manuera Benjamin Riwai Couch or, as he was generally known, Ben Couch , was a New Zealand politician and rugby union player and a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints... (National) |
2nd Place: T Gemmell (Labour) | |
| Waitakere | Ralph Maxwell Ralph Maxwell Ralph Kerr Maxwell was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Waitakere in Parliament from 1978 to 1984, then Titirangi from 1984 to 1990, when he was defeated by Marie Hasler, one of a number of losses contributing to the fall of the Fourth Labour... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Ralph Maxwell Ralph Maxwell Ralph Kerr Maxwell was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.He represented the electorate of Waitakere in Parliament from 1978 to 1984, then Titirangi from 1984 to 1990, when he was defeated by Marie Hasler, one of a number of losses contributing to the fall of the Fourth Labour... (Labour) |
2nd Place: M R Gummer (National) | |
| Waitaki | Jonathan Elworthy Jonathan Elworthy Hon. Jonathan Herbert Elworthy was a New Zealand Member of Parliament for Oamaru and Waitaki, in the South Island, representing the National Party.-Member of Parliament:... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Jonathan Elworthy Jonathan Elworthy Hon. Jonathan Herbert Elworthy was a New Zealand Member of Parliament for Oamaru and Waitaki, in the South Island, representing the National Party.-Member of Parliament:... (National) |
2nd Place: Jim Sutton Jim Sutton James Robert Sutton, CNZM , generally known as Jim Sutton, was a New Zealand politician from 1984–1990 and from 1993–2006. He has held a range of ministerial portfolios including Agriculture, Forestry, Rural Affairs, Biosecurity, and Trade Negotiations.-Biography:Sutton was born in... (Labour) |
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| Waitotara | Venn Young Venn Young Venn Spearman Young was a New Zealand politician. He was a member of the National Party, and served as a Cabinet Minister in the government of Robert Muldoon. He is known for his failed attempt to legalise "homosexual acts" in 1975.-Early life:Young was born in Stratford, Taranaki... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Venn Young Venn Young Venn Spearman Young was a New Zealand politician. He was a member of the National Party, and served as a Cabinet Minister in the government of Robert Muldoon. He is known for his failed attempt to legalise "homosexual acts" in 1975.-Early life:Young was born in Stratford, Taranaki... (National) |
2nd Place: S K Gray (Social Credit) | |
| Wallace | Derek Angus Derek Angus Derek Alan Angus was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Wallace electorate in Parliament from 1981 to 1990, when he retired. He was replaced by Bill English.-Further reading:... (National) |
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| Incumbent: Derek Angus Derek Angus Derek Alan Angus was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He represented the Wallace electorate in Parliament from 1981 to 1990, when he retired. He was replaced by Bill English.-Further reading:... (National) |
2nd Place: O W Horton (Social Credit) | |
| Wanganui | Russell Marshall Russell Marshall Cedric Russell Marshall, CNZM was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party, who had been a Methodist minister from 1960 to 1972, and school teacher 1955–56 and 1972.-Member of Parliament:... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Russell Marshall Russell Marshall Cedric Russell Marshall, CNZM was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party, who had been a Methodist minister from 1960 to 1972, and school teacher 1955–56 and 1972.-Member of Parliament:... (Labour) |
2nd Place: Terry Heffernan Terry Heffernan Terry Heffernan was a New Zealand politician who stood for Parliament on eight separate occasions. Heffernan was originally a member of the Social Credit Party before joining the New Zealand First Party and later, the New Zealand National Party.-Early years:He was born in Oamaru and attended St... (Social Credit) |
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| Wellington Central | Fran Wilde Fran Wilde The Honorable Fran Wilde QSO , is a New Zealand politician, and former Wellington Labour MP, Minister of Tourism and 31st Mayor of Wellington... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Ken Comber Ken Comber Kenneth Mark Comber, in New Plymouth, is a former New Zealand politician of the National Party, and an accountant.He represented the Wellington Central electorate in Parliament from 1972 to 1981, when he was defeated by Fran Wilde.... (National) |
2nd Place: Ken Comber Ken Comber Kenneth Mark Comber, in New Plymouth, is a former New Zealand politician of the National Party, and an accountant.He represented the Wellington Central electorate in Parliament from 1972 to 1981, when he was defeated by Fran Wilde.... (National) |
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| West Coast | Kerry Burke Kerry Burke Sir Thomas Kerry Burke served as Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives from 1987 to 1990. He was a member of the Labour Party, and served throughout the second term of the Fourth Labour Government.-Early life:... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Kerry Burke Kerry Burke Sir Thomas Kerry Burke served as Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives from 1987 to 1990. He was a member of the Labour Party, and served throughout the second term of the Fourth Labour Government.-Early life:... (Labour) |
2nd Place: D J Truman (National) | |
| Western Hutt | John Terris John Terris John James Terris, QSO is a New Zealand politician, priest and broadcaster who represented the Labour Party in the New Zealand parliament.-Member of Parliament :Terris was first elected as the member of Western Hutt in 1978... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: John Terris John Terris John James Terris, QSO is a New Zealand politician, priest and broadcaster who represented the Labour Party in the New Zealand parliament.-Member of Parliament :Terris was first elected as the member of Western Hutt in 1978... (Labour) |
2nd Place: J W Tanner (National) | |
| Whangarei | John Banks John Banks (New Zealand) John Archibald Banks, CNZM QSO is a New Zealand politician. He served as Mayor of Auckland City for two terms, from 2001 to 2004, and from 2007 to 2010... (National) |
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| Incumbent: John Elliott John Gordon Elliott John Gordon Elliott was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He won the Whangarei electorate from Murray Robert Smith in 1975 and was re-elected in 1978, but was deselected for the seat by John Banks in 1981, so stood for the New Lynn electorate in 1981.-References:*New Zealand... (National) |
2nd Place: M E Penney (Labour) | |
| Yaldhurst | Mick Connelly Mick Connelly Michael Anysley Connelly was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party, and a Cabinet Minister from 1972 to 1975 in the Third Labour Government... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Mick Connelly Mick Connelly Michael Anysley Connelly was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party, and a Cabinet Minister from 1972 to 1975 in the Third Labour Government... (Labour) |
2nd Place: M E Murray (National) | |
| Eastern Maori | Peter Tapsell Peter Tapsell (New Zealand) Sir Peter Wilfred Tapsell, KNZM, MBE, FRCS, FRCSEd was Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives from 1993 to 1996... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Paraone Reweti Paraone Reweti Paraone Brown Reweti was a New Zealand politician and Ratana morehu.-Early life:Of Ngati-Ranginui ancestry, Reweti came to Parliament from a position as an executive member of the Mount Maunganui Watersiders' Union.-Political career:... (Labour) |
2nd Place: A Tahana (Mana Motuhake) | |
| Northern Maori | Bruce Gregory Bruce Gregory Bruce Craig Gregory was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.Gregory won the , which was caused by the resignation of the previous incumbent, Matiu Rata and held the seat until 1993, when Tau Henare won the seat for New Zealand First.-References:New Zealand Parliamentary Record 1840-1984... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Bruce Gregory Bruce Gregory Bruce Craig Gregory was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.Gregory won the , which was caused by the resignation of the previous incumbent, Matiu Rata and held the seat until 1993, when Tau Henare won the seat for New Zealand First.-References:New Zealand Parliamentary Record 1840-1984... (Labour) |
2nd Place: Matiu Rata Matiu Rata Matiu Rata was a New Zealand Māori politician. He was the Member of Parliament for Northern Maori from 1963 to 1979, the Minister of Lands and Minister of Māori Affairs in the Third Labour Government of New Zealand between 1972 and 1975... (Mana Motuhake) |
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| Southern Maori | Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan Tini "Whetu" Marama Tirikatene-Sullivan, ONZ was a New Zealand politician. She was an MP from 1967 to 1996, representing the Labour Party. At the time of her retirement, she was the second longest-serving MP in Parliament, being in her tenth term of office... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan Tini "Whetu" Marama Tirikatene-Sullivan, ONZ was a New Zealand politician. She was an MP from 1967 to 1996, representing the Labour Party. At the time of her retirement, she was the second longest-serving MP in Parliament, being in her tenth term of office... (Labour) |
2nd Place: N A Reedy (Mana Motuhake) | |
| Western Maori | Koro Wetere Koro Wetere Koro Tainui Wētere, CBE is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1969 to 1996, representing the Labour Party. He served as Minister of Māori Affairs in the Fourth Labour Government .-Member of Parliament:... (Labour) |
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| Incumbent: Koro Wetere Koro Wetere Koro Tainui Wētere, CBE is a former New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1969 to 1996, representing the Labour Party. He served as Minister of Māori Affairs in the Fourth Labour Government .-Member of Parliament:... (Labour) |
2nd Place: Eva Rickard Eva Rickard Eva Rickard rose to prominence as an activist for Māori land rights activist and for women’s rights within Māoridom. Her methods included public civil disobedience and she is best known for leading the occupation of Raglan golf course in the 1970s.-Biography:Eva Rickard was most notably regarded... (Mana Motuhake) |
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Summary of changes
- The seats of Hunua, Kapiti, Miramar and Wellington Central were won from incumbent National MPs by Labour challengers. The challengers in question were Colin MoyleColin MoyleColin James Moyle, CBE is a former politician of the New Zealand Labour Party. He was a Government Minister in the Third Labour and Fourth Labour Governments. In the Fourth Labour Government he oversaw the removal of farming subsidies and the establishment of a fisheries quota system.-Early...
, Margaret ShieldsMargaret ShieldsDame Margaret Kerslake Shields, DNZM, QSO, JP is a former New Zealand politician of the Labour Party.She represented the electorate of Kapiti in Parliament from 1981 to 1990, when she was defeated by Roger Sowry, one of a number of losses contributing to the fall of the Fourth Labour Government...
, Peter Neilson and Fran WildeFran WildeThe Honorable Fran Wilde QSO , is a New Zealand politician, and former Wellington Labour MP, Minister of Tourism and 31st Mayor of Wellington...
, respectively. The defeated incumbents were Winston PetersWinston PetersWinston Raymond Peters is a New Zealand politician and leader of New Zealand First, a political party he founded in 1993. Peters has had a turbulent political career since entering Parliament in 1978. He served as Minister of Maori Affairs in the Bolger National Party Government before being...
, Barry BrillBarry BrillBarry Edward Brill is a New Zealand politician and a lawyer. Brill was a cabinet minister in the Third National Government from 1978 to 1981.-Member of Parliament:...
, Bill YoungBill YoungCharles William "Bill" Young is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1971. He is a member of the Republican Party, and is currently the longest-serving Republican member of Congress...
and Ken ComberKen ComberKenneth Mark Comber, in New Plymouth, is a former New Zealand politician of the National Party, and an accountant.He represented the Wellington Central electorate in Parliament from 1972 to 1981, when he was defeated by Fran Wilde....
, respectively. - The seat of Taupo was won from the incumbent Labour MP by a National challenger. The challenger was Roger McClayRoger McClayRoger Neville McClay, QSO is a former New Zealand politician. He attended secondary school at Wesley College, Auckland.-Member of Parliament:...
and the defeated incumbent was Jack RidleyJ. W. RidleyJohn Wallace Ridley was a New Zealand Member of Parliament for Taupo in the North Island, a Rhodes Scholar and a civil engineer. He was awarded the QSO and the NZ 1990 Medal for services to New Zealand.-Early years:...
. - The seats of Heretaunga, Mt. Albert, Napier, Palmerston North, Roskill, St. Kilda and Northern Maori passed from incumbent Labour MPs to new Labour MPs.
- In Nelson, Mel CourtneyMel CourtneyMelvyn Francis Courtney is a former Labour then Independent Member of Parliament for Nelson, in the South Island of New Zealand.-Member of Parliament:...
achieved the best result by an Independent candidate in New Zealand Elections in nearly forty years. - The seats of Fendalton, Hauraki, Selwyn and Whangarei passed from incumbent National MPs to new National MPs. Two of these changes were the result of MPs retiring, but two (in Selwyn and Whangarei) were the result of controversial challenges to the re-selection of the incumbents. In Selwyn, Ruth RichardsonRuth RichardsonRuth Richardson served as New Zealand's Minister of Finance from 1990 to 1993, and is known for her strong pursuit of free-market economic reforms .-Early life:...
successfully challenged the re-nomination of incumbent Colin McLachlanColin McLachlanColin Campbell Alexander McLachlan was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. A farmer by profession, he was the Member of Parliament for Selwyn 1966–72, Rakaia 1972–78, then Selwyn again 1978–81, when he retired....
, and in Whangarei, John BanksJohn Banks (New Zealand)John Archibald Banks, CNZM QSO is a New Zealand politician. He served as Mayor of Auckland City for two terms, from 2001 to 2004, and from 2007 to 2010...
successfully challenged the re-nomination of incumbent John ElliottJohn Gordon ElliottJohn Gordon Elliott was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.He won the Whangarei electorate from Murray Robert Smith in 1975 and was re-elected in 1978, but was deselected for the seat by John Banks in 1981, so stood for the New Lynn electorate in 1981.-References:*New Zealand...
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