Nepenthes stenophylla
Encyclopedia
Nepenthes stenophylla or the Narrow-Leaved Pitcher-Plant, is a tropical pitcher plant
endemic to Borneo
. The species produces attractive funnel
-shaped pitchers up to 25 cm high. It is listed as Least Concern
on the IUCN Red List
.
The specific epithet stenophylla is formed from the Greek
words steno (narrow) and phylla (leaves), and refers to the shape of the lamina.
, and the narrow shape of the lid could be an aberrant characteristic resulting from artificial growing conditions.
In his seminal monograph "The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies
", B. H. Danser
treated N. fallax as a heterotypic synonym of N. stenophylla. This interpretation has been supported by most subsequent authors. Jan Schlauer, however, considers the taxa
as two separate species based on the shape of the lid. He suspects the taxon originally named as N. stenophylla may have later been named again as N. faizaliana
.
Nepenthes fallax has a separate conservation status
of Vulnerable
on the IUCN Red List
.
Pitcher plant
Pitcher plants are carnivorous plants whose prey-trapping mechanism features a deep cavity filled with liquid known as a pitfall trap. It has been widely assumed that the various sorts of pitfall trap evolved from rolled leaves, with selection pressure favouring more deeply cupped leaves over...
endemic to Borneo
Borneo
Borneo is the third largest island in the world and is located north of Java Island, Indonesia, at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia....
. The species produces attractive funnel
Funnel
A funnel is a pipe with a wide, often conical mouth and a narrow stem. It is used to channel liquid or fine-grained substances into containers with a small opening. Without a funnel, spillage would occur....
-shaped pitchers up to 25 cm high. It is listed as Least Concern
Least Concern
Least Concern is an IUCN category assigned to extant taxon or lower taxa which have been evaluated but do not qualify for any other category. As such they do not qualify as threatened, Near Threatened, or Conservation Dependent...
on the IUCN Red List
IUCN Red List
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species , founded in 1963, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species. The International Union for Conservation of Nature is the world's main authority on the conservation status of species...
.
The specific epithet stenophylla is formed from the Greek
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
words steno (narrow) and phylla (leaves), and refers to the shape of the lamina.
Nepenthes fallax
There has been confusion surrounding N. stenophylla and N. fallax ever since the latter was first described. Nepenthes fallax matches N. stenophylla in most respects, except for the shape of the lid; the type specimen of N. fallax has an orbiculate lid, whereas that of N. stenophylla is narrow. However, the original description of N. stenophylla was based on a plant raised from seed in a greenhouse in EnglandEngland
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
, and the narrow shape of the lid could be an aberrant characteristic resulting from artificial growing conditions.
In his seminal monograph "The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies
The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies
"The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies" is a seminal monograph by B. H. Danser on the tropical pitcher plants of the Dutch East Indies, North Borneo, the Malay Peninsula, and eastern New Guinea...
", B. H. Danser
B. H. Danser
Benedictus Hubertus Danser , often abbreviated B. H. Danser, was a Dutch taxonomist and botanist...
treated N. fallax as a heterotypic synonym of N. stenophylla. This interpretation has been supported by most subsequent authors. Jan Schlauer, however, considers the taxa
Taxon
|thumb|270px|[[African elephants]] form a widely-accepted taxon, the [[genus]] LoxodontaA taxon is a group of organisms, which a taxonomist adjudges to be a unit. Usually a taxon is given a name and a rank, although neither is a requirement...
as two separate species based on the shape of the lid. He suspects the taxon originally named as N. stenophylla may have later been named again as N. faizaliana
Nepenthes faizaliana
Nepenthes faizaliana is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to the limestone cliffs of Gunung Mulu National Park in Sarawak, Borneo. It is thought to be most closely related to N. boschiana.-Botanical history:...
.
Nepenthes fallax has a separate conservation status
Conservation status
The conservation status of a group of organisms indicates whether the group is still extant and how likely the group is to become extinct in the near future...
of Vulnerable
Vulnerable species
On 30 January 2010, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 9694 Vulnerable species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and sub-populations.-References:...
on the IUCN Red List
IUCN Red List
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species , founded in 1963, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species. The International Union for Conservation of Nature is the world's main authority on the conservation status of species...
.
Natural hybrids
The following natural hybrids involving N. stenophylla have been recorded.- N. fuscaNepenthes fuscaNepenthes fusca , or the Dusky Pitcher-Plant, is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Borneo. It is found throughout a wide altitudinal range and is almost always epiphytic in nature, primarily growing in mossy forest....
× N. stenophylla - N. lowiiNepenthes lowiiNepenthes lowii , or Low's Pitcher-Plant, is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Borneo. It is named after Hugh Low, who discovered it on Mount Kinabalu...
× N. stenophylla - N. rajahNepenthes rajahNepenthes rajah is an insectivorous pitcher plant species of the Nepenthaceae family. It is endemic to Mount Kinabalu and neighbouring Mount Tambuyukon in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Nepenthes rajah grows exclusively on serpentine substrates, particularly in areas of seeping ground water where the...
× N. stenophylla - N. reinwardtianaNepenthes reinwardtianaNepenthes reinwardtiana , Reinwardt's Pitcher-Plant, is a Nepenthes species found on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra. Although some sources have included Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore within the range of this species, these records appear to be erroneous.Nepenthes reinwardtiana has an...
× N. stenophylla - N. stenophylla × N. tentaculataNepenthes tentaculataNepenthes tentaculata , or the Fringed Pitcher-Plant, is a tropical pitcher plant with a very wide distribution across Borneo and Sulawesi...
- N. stenophylla × N. veitchiiNepenthes veitchiiNepenthes veitchii |James Veitch]], nurseryman of the Veitch Nurseries), or Veitch's Pitcher-Plant, is a Nepenthes species from the island of Borneo. The plant is widespread in north-western Borneo and can also be found in parts of Kalimantan. N...
Further reading
- Adam, J.H. 1997. Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science 20(2–3): 121–134.
- Beaman, J.H. & C. Anderson 2004. The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
- Bourke, G. 2011. The Nepenthes of Mulu National Park. Carniflora AustralisCarniflora AustralisCarniflora Australis is a biannual English-language periodical and the official publication of the Australasian Carnivorous Plant Society. Typical articles include matters of horticultural interest, field reports, and scientific studies. The journal was established in March 2003...
8(1): 20–31. - Clarke, C.M. 2006. Introduction. In: Danser, B.H. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands IndiesThe Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies"The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies" is a seminal monograph by B. H. Danser on the tropical pitcher plants of the Dutch East Indies, North Borneo, the Malay Peninsula, and eastern New Guinea...
. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. pp. 1–15. - Hazebroek, H.P. & A.K. bin Abang Morshidi 2002. A Guide to Gunung Mulu National Park: A World Heritage Site in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. Mansur, M. 2001. In: Prosiding Seminar Hari Cinta Puspa dan Satwa Nasional. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Bogor. pp. 244–253.
- Miyagi, I. & T. Toma 2007. A new mosquito of the genus Topomyia (Diptera, Culicidae) from a Nepenthes pitcher plant in a Bario highland of Sarawak, Malaysia. Medical Entomology and Zoology 58(3): 167–174. Abstract
- Sacilotto, R. 2004. Experiments with highland Nepenthes seedlings: A Summary of Measured Tolerances. Carnivorous Plant NewsletterCarnivorous Plant NewsletterThe Carnivorous Plant Newsletter is the official publication of the International Carnivorous Plant Society , the largest such organization in the world.-History and editorship:...
33(1): 26–31. - Thong, J. 2006. Victorian Carnivorous Plant Society JournalVictorian Carnivorous Plant Society JournalThe Victorian Carnivorous Plant Society Journal is a quarterly periodical and the official publication of the Victorian Carnivorous Plant Society of Australia. Typical articles include matters of horticultural interest, field reports, literature reviews, and plant descriptions. The journal was...
81: 12–17. - Thorogood, C. 2010. The Malaysian Nepenthes: Evolutionary and Taxonomic Perspectives. Nova Science Publishers, New York.