Nemyriv
Encyclopedia
Nemyriv is a historic city
in the Vinnytsia Oblast
(province
) of western Ukraine
. It is the administrative center
of the Nemyriv Raion
(district
). Nemyriv is one of the eldest cities in Vinnytska oblast, Ukraine. It was founded by Prince Nemyr in 1390.
It is a minor industrial center with a current estimated population of around 10,000.
The distiller company that produces world-famous Ukrainian Nemiroff
(Russian spelling) vodka is located in Nemyriv.
, destroyed during the Mongol invasion of Rus
. It was first mentioned under its modern name in 1506.
Notable events of Cossack
wars happened in the town through 17th century and the city was captured by Andrii Abazyn
between 1702 and 1704.
In 1737, an abortive congress was held in Nemyriv, aimed at the conclusion of peace between the emperors of Russia
, Austria-Hungary
, and Ottoman Turkey, and bringing an end to the Russo-Turkish War of 1735-1739
.
, Nemyriv had a large Jewish community. The Hasidic Rabbi Jacob Joseph of Polonne
was appointed as rabbi in Nemyriv after he left Rashkov, during the 3rd quarter of the 18th century. By the 19th century it had become one of the centers of Breslov Hasidism
, being the birthplace and home of Nathan of Breslov
("Reb Noson"), the foremost disciple and scribe of rebbe
Nachman of Breslov
. After Nachman's death in 1810, Reb Noson moved to Bratslav
to disseminate and publish his teachings from there. The city acted as a center of Jewish studies and linked with several Rabbi.Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller
and Jehiel Michael ben Eliezer. Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller
once chief Rabbi of Vienna
and Prague
was the Chief Rabbi of Nemyriv from 1631 to 1634
and the geneticist Theodosius Dobzhansky
were born in the town in the 19th century.
The town's tourist attractions include a late 19th century palace
and a park complex.
City
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
in the Vinnytsia Oblast
Vinnytsia Oblast
Vinnytsia Oblast is an oblast of Ukraine. Its administrative center is Vinnytsia.-Geography:The area of the region is 26,500 km²; its population is 1.7 million....
(province
Oblast
Oblast is a type of administrative division in Slavic countries, including some countries of the former Soviet Union. The word "oblast" is a loanword in English, but it is nevertheless often translated as "area", "zone", "province", or "region"...
) of western Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
. It is the administrative center
Capital City
Capital City was a television show produced by Euston Films which focused on the lives of investment bankers in London living and working on the corporate trading floor for the fictional international bank Shane-Longman....
of the Nemyriv Raion
Nemyriv Raion
Nemyriv Raion - is a raion in the Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine. The central city of the Nemyriv Raion is the famous town of Nemyriv. The area of the raion is 1293 square km. The population is 52,6 thousand people. There are 94 settlements in the raion.-Sources:* * *...
(district
Raion
A raion is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet countries. The term, which is from French rayon 'honeycomb, department,' describes both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is commonly translated in English as "district"...
). Nemyriv is one of the eldest cities in Vinnytska oblast, Ukraine. It was founded by Prince Nemyr in 1390.
It is a minor industrial center with a current estimated population of around 10,000.
The distiller company that produces world-famous Ukrainian Nemiroff
Nemiroff
Nemiroff is a Ukrainian producer of alcoholic beverages, specializing in horilkas, vodkas and other spirits, based in the town of Nemyriv in Vinnytska oblast. The Nemiroff company itself was founded in 1992 by Stepan Glus, and has grown into a worldwide drink, now exported to over 50 countries...
(Russian spelling) vodka is located in Nemyriv.
History
Nemyriv was built on the site of ancient Scythian settlement MyrivMyriv
Myriv was an ancient Scythian settlement in Ukraine. It was one of the largest Scythian cities in Ukraine between the rivers of Dniester and Dnieper. It was founded 700-500 BC. In 900-1250 AD it was a Ruthenian settlement of Kyivan Rus. The city was destroyed during the Mongol invasion of Rus....
, destroyed during the Mongol invasion of Rus
Mongol invasion of Rus
The Mongol invasion of Russia was resumed on 21 December 1237 marking the resumption of the Mongol invasion of Europe, during which the Mongols attacked the medieval powers of Poland, Kiev, Hungary, and miscellaneous tribes of less organized peoples...
. It was first mentioned under its modern name in 1506.
Notable events of Cossack
Cossack
Cossacks are a group of predominantly East Slavic people who originally were members of democratic, semi-military communities in what is today Ukraine and Southern Russia inhabiting sparsely populated areas and islands in the lower Dnieper and Don basins and who played an important role in the...
wars happened in the town through 17th century and the city was captured by Andrii Abazyn
Andrii Abazyn
Andrii Abazyn was a Ukrainian colonel in the Bratislav Regiment and leader of the Cossack formations in Right-Bank Ukraine.Between 1691 to 1696 he fought leading the Right-Bank Cossacks against the Turks and the Tatars and during the anti-Polish rebellion between 1702 and 1704 he captured the city...
between 1702 and 1704.
In 1737, an abortive congress was held in Nemyriv, aimed at the conclusion of peace between the emperors of Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary , more formally known as the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown of Saint Stephen, was a constitutional monarchic union between the crowns of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary in...
, and Ottoman Turkey, and bringing an end to the Russo-Turkish War of 1735-1739
Russo-Turkish War, 1735-1739
Russo–Turkish War of 1735–1739, a war between Russia and the Ottoman Empire, caused by intensified contradictions over the results of the War of the Polish Succession of 1733–1735 and endless raids by the Crimean Tatars...
.
Jewish history of the city
Before the World War IIWorld War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, Nemyriv had a large Jewish community. The Hasidic Rabbi Jacob Joseph of Polonne
Jacob Joseph of Polonne
Rabbi Jacob Joseph of Polonne, is also known as Yaakov Yosef HaKohain of Polnoye, was one of the first and most dedicated of the disciples of the founder of Chassidut, the Holy Baal Shem Tov....
was appointed as rabbi in Nemyriv after he left Rashkov, during the 3rd quarter of the 18th century. By the 19th century it had become one of the centers of Breslov Hasidism
Breslov (Hasidic dynasty)
Breslov is a branch of Hasidic Judaism founded by Rebbe Nachman of Breslov a great-grandson of the Baal Shem Tov, founder of Hasidism...
, being the birthplace and home of Nathan of Breslov
Nathan of Breslov
Nathan of Breslov , also known as Reb Noson, born Nathan Sternhartz, was the chief disciple and scribe of Rebbe Nachman of Breslov, founder of the Breslov Hasidic dynasty. Reb Noson is credited with preserving, promoting and expanding the Breslov movement after the Rebbe's death...
("Reb Noson"), the foremost disciple and scribe of rebbe
Rebbe
Rebbe , which means master, teacher, or mentor, is a Yiddish word derived from the Hebrew word Rabbi. It often refers to the leader of a Hasidic Jewish movement...
Nachman of Breslov
Nachman of Breslov
Nachman of Breslov , also known as Reb Nachman of Bratslav, Reb Nachman Breslover , Nachman from Uman , was the founder of the Breslov Hasidic movement....
. After Nachman's death in 1810, Reb Noson moved to Bratslav
Bratslav
Bratslav |Breslov]] as the name of a Hasidic group, which originated from this town) is a townlet in Ukraine, located in the Nemyriv Raion of Vinnytsia Oblast, by the Southern Bug river. It is a medieval European city having dramatically lost its importance during 19th-20th centuries...
to disseminate and publish his teachings from there. The city acted as a center of Jewish studies and linked with several Rabbi.Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller
Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller
Yom-Tov Lipmann ben Nathan ha-Levi Heller, , was a Bohemian rabbi and Talmudist, best-known for writing a commentary on the Mishnah called the Tosafot Yom-Tov...
and Jehiel Michael ben Eliezer. Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller
Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller
Yom-Tov Lipmann ben Nathan ha-Levi Heller, , was a Bohemian rabbi and Talmudist, best-known for writing a commentary on the Mishnah called the Tosafot Yom-Tov...
once chief Rabbi of Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
and Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
was the Chief Rabbi of Nemyriv from 1631 to 1634
Famous people of Nemyriv
The poet Nikolay Nekrasov, the writer Marko VovchokMarko Vovchok
Marko Vovchok , 22 December 1833 – 10 August 1907) was a famous Ukrainian and Russian writer of Ukrainian descent. Her pen name, Marko Vovchok, was invented by Panteleimon Kulish.-Biography:...
and the geneticist Theodosius Dobzhansky
Theodosius Dobzhansky
Theodosius Grygorovych Dobzhansky ForMemRS was a prominent geneticist and evolutionary biologist, and a central figure in the field of evolutionary biology for his work in shaping the unifying modern evolutionary synthesis...
were born in the town in the 19th century.
The town's tourist attractions include a late 19th century palace
Palace
A palace is a grand residence, especially a royal residence or the home of a head of state or some other high-ranking dignitary, such as a bishop or archbishop. The word itself is derived from the Latin name Palātium, for Palatine Hill, one of the seven hills in Rome. In many parts of Europe, the...
and a park complex.