Nankai District
Encyclopedia
Nankai District is a district
located in Tianjin
, China
. Nankai District borders the Haihe River in the east and Chentangzhuang Railway in the west and south.
A number of important Tianjin landmarks lie in the district including the Tianjin Museum
, Tianjin Radio and Television Tower
, Tianjin Water Park
, Tianjin Zoo
and Tianjin Olympic Center Stadium. Nankai is also home to the city's most prestigious educational institutions including Tianjin University
and Nankai University
. The Tianjin New Technology Industrial Area, a 12 square km precinct, is also located in Nankai.
was built in north-eastern Nankai in the year 1326. In the Ming Dynasty
, the heart of the city of Tianjin was set up in Nankai. Nankai became part of the military garrisons during the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the city wall served as a major defense system against foreign invasion
in the late 19th century.
District to the north, Hebei
and Heping Districts to the north-east, Hexi
District to the east and Xiqing District to the south-west. It occupies an area of 40.64 square kilometres. The natural topography is characterised by higher elevation in the north of the district and a lower elevation in the south, with the average altitude being 3 metres.
. The population was 220,000 in 1949. In 2006, the population was 925,000 and the density was 19621/km2.
The rate of population growth
has been negative since 1993 with the birth rate
averaging 3.97% and death rate registering 4.56% in 2005.
The majority of people in Nankai District are Han Chinese
. Small populations of ethnic minorities
such as the Hui
, Manchu
and Mongol peoples also exist.
District (China)
The term district, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China....
located in Tianjin
Tianjin
' is a metropolis in northern China and one of the five national central cities of the People's Republic of China. It is governed as a direct-controlled municipality, one of four such designations, and is, thus, under direct administration of the central government...
, China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
. Nankai District borders the Haihe River in the east and Chentangzhuang Railway in the west and south.
A number of important Tianjin landmarks lie in the district including the Tianjin Museum
Tianjin Museum
Tianjin Museum is the largest museum in Tianjin, China, exhibiting a range of cultural and historical relics significant to Tianjin. The museum lies in Yinhe Plaza in the Hexi District of Tianjin and covers an area of about 50,000 sq metres...
, Tianjin Radio and Television Tower
Tianjin Radio and Television Tower
The Tianjin Radio and Television Tower is a 415.2 m tower in Tianjin, China used primarily for communication. It was built in 1991 at a cost of $45 million. Approximately two-thirds up the tower is an observation pod with floor space 253m...
, Tianjin Water Park
Tianjin Water Park
The Tianjin Water Park is the largest urban park and recreation area in Tianjin, China. The park was formally established in 1951, covering an area of 126.71 hectares. The park is one of Tianjin's leading tourist attractions, which was officially acknowledged when it was listed in the National...
, Tianjin Zoo
Tianjin Zoo
The Tianjin Zoo is located in Nankai District, Tianjin, China, as the south-most part of the Water Park complex. It covers an area of , which includes about of lakes. Construction began in 1975 and it was opened to the public on January 1st, 1980...
and Tianjin Olympic Center Stadium. Nankai is also home to the city's most prestigious educational institutions including Tianjin University
Tianjin University
Tianjin University is a national university under the direct administration of the Ministry of Education of China. It is the first university in modern Chinese education history. It was part of Peiyang University in 1895...
and Nankai University
Nankai University
Nankai University , commonly known as Nankai, is a public research university based in Tianjin on mainland China. Founded in 1919 by educators Zhang Boling and Yan Fansun , Nankai University is a member of the Nankai serial schools. It is the alma mater of former Chinese Premier and key historical...
. The Tianjin New Technology Industrial Area, a 12 square km precinct, is also located in Nankai.
History
Historically, northern parts of Nankai District were located inside ancient Tianjin. The Tianfei Palace or Palace of the Queen of Heaven of the Yuan DynastyYuan Dynasty
The Yuan Dynasty , or Great Yuan Empire was a ruling dynasty founded by the Mongol leader Kublai Khan, who ruled most of present-day China, all of modern Mongolia and its surrounding areas, lasting officially from 1271 to 1368. It is considered both as a division of the Mongol Empire and as an...
was built in north-eastern Nankai in the year 1326. In the Ming Dynasty
Ming Dynasty
The Ming Dynasty, also Empire of the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty. The Ming, "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history", was the last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic...
, the heart of the city of Tianjin was set up in Nankai. Nankai became part of the military garrisons during the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the city wall served as a major defense system against foreign invasion
Eight-Nation Alliance
The Eight-Nation Alliance was an alliance of Austria-Hungary, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States whose military forces intervened in China to suppress the anti-foreign Boxers and relieve the siege of the diplomatic legations in Beijing .- Events :The...
in the late 19th century.
Geography
Nankai District is located in the south-west corner of the urban Tianjin, bordered by HongqiaoHongqiao
Hongqiao may refer to the following entities in China:* Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport , airport in Shanghai* Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station , one of the four major railway stations in Shanghai...
District to the north, Hebei
Hebei
' is a province of the People's Republic of China in the North China region. Its one-character abbreviation is "" , named after Ji Province, a Han Dynasty province that included what is now southern Hebei...
and Heping Districts to the north-east, Hexi
Hexi
-Historical entities of China:*Hexi Corridor , corridor in Gansu*Hexi Regime , a regime during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period*Hexi Province , a province, now defunct created during the ROC National Government period...
District to the east and Xiqing District to the south-west. It occupies an area of 40.64 square kilometres. The natural topography is characterised by higher elevation in the north of the district and a lower elevation in the south, with the average altitude being 3 metres.
Demographics
Nankai District has been one of the fastest growing districts in Tianjin since the formation of the People's Republic of ChinaPeople's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
. The population was 220,000 in 1949. In 2006, the population was 925,000 and the density was 19621/km2.
The rate of population growth
Population growth
Population growth is the change in a population over time, and can be quantified as the change in the number of individuals of any species in a population using "per unit time" for measurement....
has been negative since 1993 with the birth rate
Birth rate
Crude birth rate is the nativity or childbirths per 1,000 people per year . Another word used interchangeably with "birth rate" is "natality". When the crude birth rate is subtracted from the crude death rate, it reveals the rate of natural increase...
averaging 3.97% and death rate registering 4.56% in 2005.
The majority of people in Nankai District are Han Chinese
Han Chinese
Han Chinese are an ethnic group native to China and are the largest single ethnic group in the world.Han Chinese constitute about 92% of the population of the People's Republic of China , 98% of the population of the Republic of China , 78% of the population of Singapore, and about 20% of the...
. Small populations of ethnic minorities
Ethnic minorities in China
Ethnic minorities in China are the non-Han Chinese population in the People's Republic of China. The People's Republic of China officially recognizes 55 ethnic minority groups within China in addition to the Han majority. As of 2010, the combined population of officially recognised minority...
such as the Hui
Hui people
The Hui people are an ethnic group in China, defined as Chinese speaking people descended from foreign Muslims. They are typically distinguished by their practice of Islam, however some also practice other religions, and many are direct descendants of Silk Road travelers.In modern People's...
, Manchu
Manchu
The Manchu people or Man are an ethnic minority of China who originated in Manchuria . During their rise in the 17th century, with the help of the Ming dynasty rebels , they came to power in China and founded the Qing Dynasty, which ruled China until the Xinhai Revolution of 1911, which...
and Mongol peoples also exist.