Nakhodka
Encyclopedia
Nakhodka is a port
city in Primorsky Krai
, Russia
, situated on the Trudny Peninsula jutting into the Nakhodka Bay
of the Sea of Japan
, about 85 kilometres (52.8 mi) east of Vladivostok
. Population:
In 1950–1991, when the nearby large port of Vladivostok
was closed to foreigners and foreign shipping, Nakhodka became the primary deep water port in the Russian Far East
.
, around which the city is organized, was discovered in 1859 by the Russian corvette Amerika, which sought shelter in the bay during a storm. In honor of this occasion, the ice-free and relatively calm bay was named Nakhodka, which in Russian means "discovery" or "lucky find".
Until the 20th century the area around the bay remained uninhabited, with the first settlement a small fishing village founded in 1907. When the Soviet government decided to build a harbor in the area in the 1930s, a number of small settlements were founded, which were merged as a work settlement
in the 1940s. In 1950, the settlement, by then with a population of about 28,000 residents, was granted town status.
In the early 1950s, Soviet authorities decided to close Vladivostok to foreign shipping and use it as the base for the Soviet Pacific Fleet. Nakhodka became both the eastern terminus for passenger trains on the Trans-Siberian Railway
and only port in the Russian Far East
which was open to foreigners, these factors stimulating the town's rapid growth. The city's heyday was apparently in the 1970s and 1980s, when it was very well-cared for due to its visibility to foreigners.
and canning
, has suffered since 1991 as Vladivostok was opened to foreign activity again. Local industry also took a hit during the 1998 Russian financial crisis. However, Nakhodka has been declared a free economic zone
, and the governments in both Moscow
(federal) and Vladivostok (regional) have seemed interested in opening the city further to foreign investment.
Nakhodka is also an important transport junction where goods from Japan are transferred from ships onto the Russian railway system, including the Trans-Siberian Railway
portion of the Eurasian Land Bridge
.
City's enterprises make their entry in the '100 best goods of Russia' nationwide contest, among numerous others, on a regular basis to a moderate success.
There was also opened The consulting center for young entrepreneurs, a collaboration of sister-cities' municipalities of Nakhodka and Bellingham, Washington
, USA.
is the only professional sport club in the city. It spent the 1992 and 1993 seasons in the Russian Premier League
. It is also the home town of Football player Viktor Fayzulin
.
relationships:
First USSR-Japan
sister city
Port
A port is a location on a coast or shore containing one or more harbors where ships can dock and transfer people or cargo to or from land....
city in Primorsky Krai
Primorsky Krai
Primorsky Krai , informally known as Primorye , is a federal subject of Russia . Primorsky means "maritime" in Russian, hence the region is sometimes referred to as Maritime Province or Maritime Territory. Its administrative center is in the city of Vladivostok...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, situated on the Trudny Peninsula jutting into the Nakhodka Bay
Nakhodka Bay
Nakhodka Bay or Nakhodka Gulf is a bay of the Peter the Great Gulf of the Sea of Japan, on which is sited the port of Nakhodka. It is part of the Primorsky Krai of Russia. The Lisy Island protects the bay from open sea waves...
of the Sea of Japan
Sea of Japan
The Sea of Japan is a marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean, between the Asian mainland, the Japanese archipelago and Sakhalin. It is bordered by Japan, North Korea, Russia and South Korea. Like the Mediterranean Sea, it has almost no tides due to its nearly complete enclosure from the Pacific...
, about 85 kilometres (52.8 mi) east of Vladivostok
Vladivostok
The city is located in the southern extremity of Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula, which is about 30 km long and approximately 12 km wide.The highest point is Mount Kholodilnik, the height of which is 257 m...
. Population:
In 1950–1991, when the nearby large port of Vladivostok
Vladivostok
The city is located in the southern extremity of Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula, which is about 30 km long and approximately 12 km wide.The highest point is Mount Kholodilnik, the height of which is 257 m...
was closed to foreigners and foreign shipping, Nakhodka became the primary deep water port in the Russian Far East
Russian Far East
Russian Far East is a term that refers to the Russian part of the Far East, i.e., extreme east parts of Russia, between Lake Baikal in Eastern Siberia and the Pacific Ocean...
.
Climate
Nakhodka has one of the mildest climates in Primorsky Krai and in whole Asian part of Russia thanks to its southerly location and oceanic influences from the Sea of Japan. Average temperature in January is -9.3 C, in August (the warmest month) 20.6 °C (69.1 °F).History
Nakhodka BayNakhodka Bay
Nakhodka Bay or Nakhodka Gulf is a bay of the Peter the Great Gulf of the Sea of Japan, on which is sited the port of Nakhodka. It is part of the Primorsky Krai of Russia. The Lisy Island protects the bay from open sea waves...
, around which the city is organized, was discovered in 1859 by the Russian corvette Amerika, which sought shelter in the bay during a storm. In honor of this occasion, the ice-free and relatively calm bay was named Nakhodka, which in Russian means "discovery" or "lucky find".
Until the 20th century the area around the bay remained uninhabited, with the first settlement a small fishing village founded in 1907. When the Soviet government decided to build a harbor in the area in the 1930s, a number of small settlements were founded, which were merged as a work settlement
Urban-type settlement
Urban-type settlement ; , selyshche mis'koho typu ) is an official designation for a type of locality used in some of the countries of the former Soviet Union...
in the 1940s. In 1950, the settlement, by then with a population of about 28,000 residents, was granted town status.
In the early 1950s, Soviet authorities decided to close Vladivostok to foreign shipping and use it as the base for the Soviet Pacific Fleet. Nakhodka became both the eastern terminus for passenger trains on the Trans-Siberian Railway
Trans-Siberian Railway
The Trans-Siberian Railway is a network of railways connecting Moscow with the Russian Far East and the Sea of Japan. It is the longest railway in the world...
and only port in the Russian Far East
Russian Far East
Russian Far East is a term that refers to the Russian part of the Far East, i.e., extreme east parts of Russia, between Lake Baikal in Eastern Siberia and the Pacific Ocean...
which was open to foreigners, these factors stimulating the town's rapid growth. The city's heyday was apparently in the 1970s and 1980s, when it was very well-cared for due to its visibility to foreigners.
Economy and infrastructure
The city's economy, based mostly around the port and port-related activity such as fish processingFish processing
The term fish processing refers to the processes associated with fish and fish products between the time fish are caught or harvested, and the time the final product is delivered to the customer...
and canning
Canning
Canning is a method of preserving food in which the food contents are processed and sealed in an airtight container. Canning provides a typical shelf life ranging from one to five years, although under specific circumstances a freeze-dried canned product, such as canned, dried lentils, can last as...
, has suffered since 1991 as Vladivostok was opened to foreign activity again. Local industry also took a hit during the 1998 Russian financial crisis. However, Nakhodka has been declared a free economic zone
Free economic zone
Many countries have, or have had at some time, designated areas where companies are taxed very lightly or not at all to encourage development or for some other reason...
, and the governments in both Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
(federal) and Vladivostok (regional) have seemed interested in opening the city further to foreign investment.
Nakhodka is also an important transport junction where goods from Japan are transferred from ships onto the Russian railway system, including the Trans-Siberian Railway
Trans-Siberian Railway
The Trans-Siberian Railway is a network of railways connecting Moscow with the Russian Far East and the Sea of Japan. It is the longest railway in the world...
portion of the Eurasian Land Bridge
Eurasian Land Bridge
The Eurasian Land Bridge, sometimes called the New Silk Road, is a term used to describe the rail transport route for moving freight and passengers overland from Pacific seaports in Siberia and China to seaports in Europe...
.
Trade
As of 2010, there are 1,932 enterprises listed. There are 646 retail stores, 210 public catering entities, 9 markets. Annual turnover tops 13, 1 bln rubles (over 400, 400 USD). There operate many malls, supermarkets, federal chain store outlets in the city, the examples being Svyaznoy, Yevroset, Eldorado, and many others.City's enterprises make their entry in the '100 best goods of Russia' nationwide contest, among numerous others, on a regular basis to a moderate success.
There was also opened The consulting center for young entrepreneurs, a collaboration of sister-cities' municipalities of Nakhodka and Bellingham, Washington
Bellingham, Washington
Bellingham is the largest city in, and the county seat of, Whatcom County in the U.S. state of Washington. It is the twelfth-largest city in the state. Situated on Bellingham Bay, Bellingham is protected by Lummi Island, Portage Island, and the Lummi Peninsula, and opens onto the Strait of Georgia...
, USA.
Sports
FC Okean NakhodkaFC Okean Nakhodka
Okean Nakhodka is a Russian football club based in Nakhodka, Primorsky Krai. The club's colours are white and blue.-History:In 1989 Okean won the RSFSR Cup, and in 1991 they won the regional league....
is the only professional sport club in the city. It spent the 1992 and 1993 seasons in the Russian Premier League
Russian Premier League
The Russian Premier League , currently called SOGAZ Russian Football Championship due to sponsorship reasons, is the top division of Russian football. There are 16 teams in the competition...
. It is also the home town of Football player Viktor Fayzulin
Viktor Fayzulin
Viktor Igorevich Fayzulin is a Russian football midfielder, who currently plays for Zenit.A graduate of CYSS based in his hometown Nahodka, he started his professional career with Okean. Later he played for SKA-Energia and Spartak Nalchik. In December 2007 he signed a contract with Zenit until...
.
Twin towns/sister cities
Nakhodka has the following sister cityTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
relationships:
| City | State | Country | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maizuru Maizuru, Kyoto is a city located in Kyōto, Japan, on an inlet of the Sea of Japan.As of 2008, the city has an estimated population of 89,626 and the density of 264 persons per km². The total area is .The city was founded on May 27, 1943.... |
Kyoto Kyoto is a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan. It has a population close to 1.5 million. Formerly the imperial capital of Japan, it is now the capital of Kyoto Prefecture, as well as a major part of the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area.-History:... |
 Japan |
June, 1961 |
| Otaru Otaru, Hokkaido is a city and port in Shiribeshi, Hokkaido, Japan, northwest of Sapporo. The city faces the Ishikari Bay, and has long served as the main port of the bay. With its many historical buildings, Otaru is a popular tourist destination... |
 HokkaidoHokkaido , formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso, is Japan's second largest island; it is also the largest and northernmost of Japan's 47 prefectural-level subdivisions. The Tsugaru Strait separates Hokkaido from Honshu, although the two islands are connected by the underwater railway Seikan Tunnel... |
Japan |
September 12, 1966 |
| Bellingham Bellingham, Washington Bellingham is the largest city in, and the county seat of, Whatcom County in the U.S. state of Washington. It is the twelfth-largest city in the state. Situated on Bellingham Bay, Bellingham is protected by Lummi Island, Portage Island, and the Lummi Peninsula, and opens onto the Strait of Georgia... |
 Washington |
 United States |
April, 1975 |
| Oakland Oakland, California Oakland is a major West Coast port city on San Francisco Bay in the U.S. state of California. It is the eighth-largest city in the state with a 2010 population of 390,724... |
 California |
United States |
April, 1975 |
| Tsuruga Tsuruga, Fukui is a city located in southern Fukui Prefecture, Japan.-Outline:One of city of Wakasa Area, present southern Fukui Prececture. Municipalized on April 1, 1937.... |
 FukuiFukui Fukui is a Japanese name meaning "fortunate" or it can mean "one who is from the Fukui prefecture". It may refer to:- Places :* Fukui Prefecture** Fukui, Fukui - the city of the same name in the prefecture... |
Japan |
October, 1982 |
| Jilin City Jilin City Jilin City is the second largest city of Jilin province in Northeast China. At the 2010 census, 4,414,681 people resided within its administrative area of and 1,975,803 in its built up area... |
 JilinJilin Jilin , is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northeastern part of the country. Jilin borders North Korea and Russia to the east, Heilongjiang to the north, Liaoning to the south, and Inner Mongolia to the west... |
Mainland China |
July, 1991 |
| Donghae City Donghae City Donghae is a city in Gangwon Province, South Korea. There are two major ports: Donghae Harbor and Mukho Harbor. The city is located on the Yeongdong Line railroad and the Donghae Expressway. Numerous caverns are found in the city, as in neighboring Samcheok... |
 GangwonGangwon Gangwon or Kangwon may refer to:* Gangwon , the Goryeo and Joseon Dynasty province* Gangwon-do , province of South Korea* Kangwon-do , province of North Korea* Gangwon FC... |
 South Korea |
December, 1991 |
| Clare Clare, Michigan Clare is a city in Clare and Isabella counties in the U.S. state of Michigan. Located primarily in Clare County, the city had a population of 3,173 at the 2000 census.... |
 Michigan |
United States |
October, 1997 |
| Phuket Province Phuket Province Phuket , formerly known as Thalang and, in Western sources, Junk Ceylon , is one of the southern provinces of Thailand... |
 Thailand |
September 21, 2006 |
First USSR-Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
sister city