NOL1
Encyclopedia
Putative ribosomal RNA methyltransferase NOP2 is an enzyme
that in humans is encoded by the NOP2 gene
.
The protein
encoded by this gene is a nucleolar
antigen
expressed in proliferating cells
. It is not detectable in non-proliferating normal tissue but is detectable in many human tumors.
Overexpression of p120 leads to malignant transformation
of 3T3 cells
while treatment with antisense p120 mRNA causes the transformed cells to revert to their original non-malignant phenotype
.
The p120 protein displays a dramatic increase in expression at the G1/S transition
suggesting that p120 regulates the cell cycle
and nucleolar activity that is required for cell proliferation.
Enzyme
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process, called substrates, are converted into different molecules, called products. Almost all chemical reactions in a biological cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates...
that in humans is encoded by the NOP2 gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
.
The protein
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
encoded by this gene is a nucleolar
Nucleolus
The nucleolus is a non-membrane bound structure composed of proteins and nucleic acids found within the nucleus. Ribosomal RNA is transcribed and assembled within the nucleolus...
antigen
Antigen
An antigen is a foreign molecule that, when introduced into the body, triggers the production of an antibody by the immune system. The immune system will then kill or neutralize the antigen that is recognized as a foreign and potentially harmful invader. These invaders can be molecules such as...
expressed in proliferating cells
Cell growth
The term cell growth is used in the contexts of cell development and cell division . When used in the context of cell division, it refers to growth of cell populations, where one cell grows and divides to produce two "daughter cells"...
. It is not detectable in non-proliferating normal tissue but is detectable in many human tumors.
Overexpression of p120 leads to malignant transformation
Malignant transformation
Malignant transformation is the process by which cells acquire the properties of cancer. This may occur as a primary process in normal tissue, or secondarily as malignant degeneration of a previously existing benign tumor....
of 3T3 cells
3T3 cells
3T3 cells come from a cell line established in 1962 by two scientists then at the Department of Pathology in the New York University School of Medicine, George Todaro and Howard Green. The 3T3 cell line has become the standard fibroblast cell line...
while treatment with antisense p120 mRNA causes the transformed cells to revert to their original non-malignant phenotype
Phenotype
A phenotype is an organism's observable characteristics or traits: such as its morphology, development, biochemical or physiological properties, behavior, and products of behavior...
.
The p120 protein displays a dramatic increase in expression at the G1/S transition
G1/S transition
The G1/S transition is a stage in the cell cycle at the boundary between the G1 phase and the S phase.It is a "point of no return" beyond which the cell is committed to dividing; in yeast this is called START and in multicellular eukaryotes it is termed the restriction point....
suggesting that p120 regulates the cell cycle
Cell cycle
The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that takes place in a cell leading to its division and duplication . In cells without a nucleus , the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission...
and nucleolar activity that is required for cell proliferation.