Monacha is a genus

Genus

In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...

 of air-breathing land snail

Land snail

A land snail is any of the many species of snail that live on land, as opposed to those that live in salt water and fresh water. Land snails are terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells, It is not always an easy matter to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less...

s, terrestrial

Terrestrial animal

Terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land , as compared with aquatic animals, which live predominantly or entirely in the water , or amphibians, which rely on a combination of aquatic and terrestrial habitats...

 pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Hygromiidae

Hygromiidae

Hygromiidae is a taxonomic family of small to medium-sized air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea.-Anatomy:...

, the hairy snails and their allies.

Distribution

The distribution of the genus Monacha includes western Europe, Central Europe, Mediterranean, Asia minor and Turkey (more than 50 species of Monacha), Georgia, Russia, Arabia, Iran, Azerbaijan (1 species). It is not in Armenia.

The greatest diversity of species is in the Pontic

Black Sea

The Black Sea is bounded by Europe, Anatolia and the Caucasus and is ultimately connected to the Atlantic Ocean via the Mediterranean and the Aegean seas and various straits. The Bosphorus strait connects it to the Sea of Marmara, and the strait of the Dardanelles connects that sea to the Aegean...

 region.

Species

Species within the genus Monacha include:

subgenus Monacha

• Monacha cartusiana
  Monacha cartusiana
  Monacha cartusiana is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies.This is the type species of the genus Monacha.- Distribution :...
  
  (Müller, 1774) - type species
• Monacha oecali Hausdorf & Páll-Gergely, 2009

subgenus Paratheba

• Monacha claussi Hausdorf, 2000
• Monacha kuznetsovi Hausdorf, 2000
• Monacha roseni (Hesse, 1914)

subgenus Metatheba

• Monacha ciscaucasica Hausdorf, 2000
• Monacha georgievi Páll-Gergely, 2010
• Monacha perfrequens (Hesse, 1914)
• Monacha samsunensis (L. Pfeifer, 1868)
• Monacha subcarthusiana (Lindholm, 1913)

subgenus ?

• Monacha cantiana
  Monacha cantiana
  Monacha cantiana, common name the "Kentish snail" or "Kentish garden snail", is a species of medium-sized air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies....
  
  (Montagu, 1803)

The species Ashfordiana granulata (Alder, 1830) is often also grouped under the genus Monacha.