Mohan Bikram Singh
Encyclopedia
Mohan Bikram Singh often referred to as MBS, party name Gharti, is a Nepal
ese politician. His father was a wealthy landlord in Pyuthan District
who was close to King Tribhuvan. MBS however joined the opposition Nepali Congress
, and took part in the 1950–1951 uprising for democracy.
MBS joined the united Communist Party of Nepal
in 1953. In 1957 he was elected to the Central Committee of the party. In 1961, when the party was divided in different tendencies, MBS rallied the leftist sections, raising the demand for a Constituent Assembly. The line of MBS found much support amongst party grassroots, but he did not get any support from fellow Central Committee members. When the party was divided in 1962, MBS sided with the more radical Communist Party led by Tulsi Lal Amatya
.
In 1971 MBS was released from jail. Man Mohan Adhikari
had been released in 1969. Together with Shamburam Shrestha and Nirmal Lama they formed the 'Central Nucleus', which sought to unify with Communist Party of Nepal (Pushpa Lal)
. That merger never took of, and the Central Nucleus was divided. In 1974 MBS and Nirmal Lama held a 'Fourth Convention' of the Communist Party of Nepal (CPN). Effectively their faction constituted a separate party, Communist Party of Nepal (Fourth Convention).
In 1983 a split surged between MBS and Nirmal Lama. MBS went on to form a separate party, Communist Party of Nepal (Masal)
. This party would suffer several splits. In 1986 a major split occurred, after which MBS was left with leading a minority as the majority formed Communist Party of Nepal (Mashal)
.
During the Panchayat regime, MBS was based in Gorakhpur
, India
.
At the time of the 1990 popular uprising against the autocratic regime, MBS disagreed with the United Left Front in cooperating the Nepali Congress
against the regime. He demanded a Constituent Assembly and advocated that armed struggle was necessary to fight the royal rule over the country. Communist Party of Nepal (Masal), Communist Party of Nepal (Mashal) and Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist-Maoist)
formed the United National People's Movement
.
In 2002 CPN (Masal) merged with Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre)
, and formed Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre-Masal). MBS became the general secretary of the new party.
After the royal coup d'état on February 1, 2005 MBS went underground. Following the restoration of democratic rule, CPN(UC-M) was divided on issues like whether the party should join the coalition government. The party was divided into two, with the group led by MBS leaving the Seven Party Alliance
and staying outside of the government. Singh's faction renamed itself as the Communist Party of Nepal (Masal).
Singh renewed his citizen certificate only in 2007, at the age of 72.
Nepal
Nepal , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by the People's Republic of China, and to the south, east, and west by the Republic of India...
ese politician. His father was a wealthy landlord in Pyuthan District
Pyuthan District
Pyuthan District of 212,484. Pyuthan Khalanga is the district's administrative center.-Geography:Pyuthan borders Dang Deukhuri District to the southwest along the crest of the Mahabharat Range and extends about 50 km northeast through the Middle Hills to a 3,000+ meter ridge that is both...
who was close to King Tribhuvan. MBS however joined the opposition Nepali Congress
Nepali Congress
The Nepali Congress is a Nepalese political party. Nepali Congress led the 1950 Democratic Movement which successfully ended the Rana dynasty and allowed commoners to take part in the polity. It again led a democratic movement in 1990, in partnership with leftist forces, to end monarchy and...
, and took part in the 1950–1951 uprising for democracy.
MBS joined the united Communist Party of Nepal
Communist Party of Nepal
The Communist Party of Nepal was founded in Calcutta, India, on April 29, 1949. CPN was formed to struggle against the autocratic Rana regime, feudalism and imperialism. The founding general secretary was Pushpa Lal Shrestha....
in 1953. In 1957 he was elected to the Central Committee of the party. In 1961, when the party was divided in different tendencies, MBS rallied the leftist sections, raising the demand for a Constituent Assembly. The line of MBS found much support amongst party grassroots, but he did not get any support from fellow Central Committee members. When the party was divided in 1962, MBS sided with the more radical Communist Party led by Tulsi Lal Amatya
Communist Party of Nepal (Amatya)
Communist Party of Nepal, also referred to as Communist Party of Nepal was a communist party in Nepal. It emerged out of a split in the original Communist Party of Nepal in 1962...
.
In 1971 MBS was released from jail. Man Mohan Adhikari
Man Mohan Adhikari
Man Mohan Adhikari was the Prime Minister of Nepal from 1994 to 1995, representing the Communist Party of Nepal . He was the first democratically-elected Communist Party member to be PM in Nepal....
had been released in 1969. Together with Shamburam Shrestha and Nirmal Lama they formed the 'Central Nucleus', which sought to unify with Communist Party of Nepal (Pushpa Lal)
Communist Party of Nepal (Pushpa Lal)
Communist Party of Nepal , a communist splinter group led by Pushpa Lal Shestra. The party emerged in 1968, as Pushpa Lal organized a separate party congress in Gorakhpur, India...
. That merger never took of, and the Central Nucleus was divided. In 1974 MBS and Nirmal Lama held a 'Fourth Convention' of the Communist Party of Nepal (CPN). Effectively their faction constituted a separate party, Communist Party of Nepal (Fourth Convention).
In 1983 a split surged between MBS and Nirmal Lama. MBS went on to form a separate party, Communist Party of Nepal (Masal)
Communist Party of Nepal (Masal)
Communist Party of Nepal , was a communist party in Nepal. CPN was formed in 1983, following a split in the Communist Party of Nepal...
. This party would suffer several splits. In 1986 a major split occurred, after which MBS was left with leading a minority as the majority formed Communist Party of Nepal (Mashal)
Communist Party of Nepal (Mashal)
Communist Party of Nepal , was an underground communist party in Nepal. CPN was formed in November 1984, following a split in the Communist Party of Nepal . The new party was founded at a congress in Gorakhpur, India...
.
During the Panchayat regime, MBS was based in Gorakhpur
Gorakhpur
Gorakhpur is a city in the eastern part of the state of Uttar Pradesh in India, near the border with Nepal. It is the administrative headquarters of Gorakhpur District and Gorakhpur Division. Gorakhpur is one of the proposed capitals of the Purvanchal state which is yet to be formed...
, India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
.
At the time of the 1990 popular uprising against the autocratic regime, MBS disagreed with the United Left Front in cooperating the Nepali Congress
Nepali Congress
The Nepali Congress is a Nepalese political party. Nepali Congress led the 1950 Democratic Movement which successfully ended the Rana dynasty and allowed commoners to take part in the polity. It again led a democratic movement in 1990, in partnership with leftist forces, to end monarchy and...
against the regime. He demanded a Constituent Assembly and advocated that armed struggle was necessary to fight the royal rule over the country. Communist Party of Nepal (Masal), Communist Party of Nepal (Mashal) and Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist-Maoist)
Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist-Maoist)
Communist Party of Nepal , was a minor communist party in Nepal. The party was as founded in 1981 by Krishna Das Shrestha. Initially it was known as the Nepal Marxist-Leninist Party...
formed the United National People's Movement
United National People's Movement
United National People's Movement was a coalition of Communist Party of Nepal , Communist Party of Nepal , Nepal Marxist-Leninist Party, Proletarian Labour Organisation, Nepal Communist League and the Nand Kumar Prasai faction during the popular uprising of 1990...
.
In 2002 CPN (Masal) merged with Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre)
Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre)
Communist Party of Nepal , was a communist party in Nepal. CPN was formed on November 19-20 1990, through the merger of Communist Party of Nepal , Communist Party of Nepal , Proletarian Workers Organisation and Communist Party of Nepal . Soon thereafter a group led by Dr...
, and formed Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre-Masal). MBS became the general secretary of the new party.
After the royal coup d'état on February 1, 2005 MBS went underground. Following the restoration of democratic rule, CPN(UC-M) was divided on issues like whether the party should join the coalition government. The party was divided into two, with the group led by MBS leaving the Seven Party Alliance
Seven Party Alliance
The Seven Party Alliance was a coalition of seven Nepali political parties seeking to end autocratic rule in the country. They spearheaded the Loktantra Andolan.The alliance was made up of the following parties:* Nepali Congress...
and staying outside of the government. Singh's faction renamed itself as the Communist Party of Nepal (Masal).
Singh renewed his citizen certificate only in 2007, at the age of 72.