Mohammad Zohari
Encyclopedia
Mohammad Zohari (1926 - 1995) Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...

ian Poet
Poet
A poet is a person who writes poetry. A poet's work can be literal, meaning that his work is derived from a specific event, or metaphorical, meaning that his work can take on many meanings and forms. Poets have existed since antiquity, in nearly all languages, and have produced works that vary...

 & Writer
Writer
A writer is a person who produces literature, such as novels, short stories, plays, screenplays, poetry, or other literary art. Skilled writers are able to use language to portray ideas and images....



He was born in Tonekabon
Tonekabon
Tonekabon , also Romanized as Shahsavār and Shahsawār) is a city in and the capital of Tonekabon County, Mazandaran Province, Iran...

 a city in north of Iran. As the first son of Abdollah Zohari Khalatbary an activist in Iranian Constitutional Revolution
Iranian Constitutional Revolution
The Persian Constitutional Revolution or Iranian Constitutional Revolution took place between 1905 and 1907...

 who had received the honorific title of “Motamed-ol-Soltan Zaygham-ol-Mamalek" from Ahmad Shah Qajar
Ahmad Shah Qajar
Ahmad Shah Qajar ‎ was Shah of Iran from July 16, 1909, to October 31, 1925 and the last of the Qajar dynasty.- Reign :...

, in 1931 due to his father's disagreement with Reza Shah Pahlavi the family was exiled to Malayer
Malayer
Malayer , also Romanized as Dowlatābād and Daūlatābād) is a city in and capital of Malayer County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 153,748, in 40,750 families....

 and later to Shiraz
Shiraz
Shiraz may refer to:* Shiraz, Iran, a city in Iran* Shiraz County, an administrative subdivision of Iran* Vosketap, Armenia, formerly called ShirazPeople:* Hovhannes Shiraz, Armenian poet* Ara Shiraz, Armenian sculptor...

. There he started his writing carrier in early teenage by writing articles and short stories for Toffan Magazine. After the end of Second World War the family returned to Tehran there Zohari studied Persian literature at Tehran University and later achieved a PhD in literature from the same university. After graduation Zohari worked as high school/University teacher and journalist for Ferdowsi Magazine, Fokahi and some others for some years before he became a government employee and worked in various positions such as Head of Media and PR for Ministry of Education and Vice Director of National Library of Iran.


Zohari in his work got inspiration from all his surrounding and most of his poems were about his social environment or love, however most published one was the one about the social circumstances. In 1953 he meet Nima Yooshij
Nima Yooshij
Nimā Yushij also called Nimā, born Ali Esfandiāri , was a contemporary Tabarian and Persian poet who started the she’r-e no also known as she’r-e nimaa'i trend in Iran...

 for the first time which ended up to many more visits in the following years to discuss poetry and modern literature that many believes influenced Zohari’s work and the modern poetry in Iran in general from many aspects.


In 1977 Zohari travelled to Paris and stayed until 1979 when he returned to Iran, however due to some of his socialistic thought in 1982, three years after the Iranian Revolution
Iranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution refers to events involving the overthrow of Iran's monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and its replacement with an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of the...

 he was again forced to leave Iran which he moved to Paris this time. The experience to leave his home by force for the second time, once when he was a child and once as an adult was very difficult for Zohari which caused his decision to do not write anymore. Due to his enormous love for Iran Zohari returned to Tehran in 1992, but during some legal straggle he died of heart attack in 1995.

Published Poetry Collections

  • The Island, (1955) Amirkabir (publisher)
    Amirkabir (publisher)
    Amirkabir is a publisher based in Tehran, Iran, founded on November 19, 1949 by Abdorrahim "Taghi" Jafari. It is named after Mirza Taghi Khan Amirkabir, the famous Iranian consul....

  • The Complaint, (1966) Publisher: Ashrafe
  • Nocturnal Letter, (شبنامه)(1968) Publisher: Ashrafe
  • And the End, (1969)
  • Fist in the Pocket, (1972) Publisher: Ashrafe
  • Our Old Sage Said, (1977) Publisher: Ravag
  • For every star (برای هر ستاره), (2000) Publisher: Toos
    • A short biography and collection of some unpublished Zohari’s work, collected by his wife Mandana Bavandi Zohari, controlled by Bahman Hamidi and published by Mohsin Bagherzadeh. The title of book was suggested by Dr Shafiee kadkani and the cover were designed by Ali Zaym.

External links

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