Minamishimabara, Nagasaki
Encyclopedia
is a city
in Nagasaki Prefecture
, Japan
. It occupies the southern tip of Shimabara Peninsula
.
Minamishimabara city was founded on March 31, 2006 upon the merger of the towns of Arie
, Fukae
, Futsu
, Kazusa
, Kitaarima
, Kuchinotsu
, Minami-Arima
and Nishi-Arie
, all from Minamitakaki District
, which was dissolved as a result.
, who ruled from Hinoe Castle
in the Muromachi period
. The area was the site of considerable foreign trade and Portuguese and Spanish missionary activity, and by the early Edo period
, a large percentage of the population were Kirishitan
. After the start of the national isolation
policy, the Tokugawa Bakufu banned Christianity from 1614 and replaced Arima Naozumi
with Matsukura Shigemasa
, who relocated the capital of Shimabara Domain
to Shimabara Castle
is what is now Shimabara
. Due to misgovernment, high taxes and persecution of Christianity, the population rose in the Shimabara Rebellion
of 1637, with the peasants occupying the fortress of Hara Castle as their strongpoint. The rebellion was suppressed with extreme severity by the Tokugawa Bakufu, and the area of Minamishimabara was ruled by a branch of the Matsudaira clan
from 1668-1774 and from 1774-1871.
Cities of Japan
||A is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as and , with the difference that they are not a component of...
in Nagasaki Prefecture
Nagasaki Prefecture
is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyūshū. The capital is the city of Nagasaki.- History :Nagasaki Prefecture was created by merging of the western half of the former province of Hizen with the island provinces of Tsushima and Iki...
, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
. It occupies the southern tip of Shimabara Peninsula
Shimabara Peninsula
Shimabara Peninsula is east of Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture, Kyūshū, Japan. On its north-eastern tip stands Shimabara City. It was also the site of the Shimabara Rebellion, a 1637-1638 peasant revolt led by Christians. This further reinforced distrust of Christians and foreigners by Shogun...
.
Minamishimabara city was founded on March 31, 2006 upon the merger of the towns of Arie
Arie, Nagasaki
was a town located in Minamitakaki District, Nagasaki, Japan.On March 31, 2006 Arie was merged with the towns of Fukae, Futsu, Kazusa, Kitaarima, Kuchinotsu, Minamiarima and Nishiarie, all from Minamitakaki District, to form the new city of Minamishimabara....
, Fukae
Fukae, Nagasaki
was a town located in Minamitakaki District, Nagasaki, Japan.On March 31, 2006 Fukae was merged with the towns of Arie, Futsu, Kazusa, Kitaarima, Kuchinotsu, Minamiarima and Nishiarie, all from Minamitakaki District, to form the new city of Minamishimabara....
, Futsu
Futsu, Nagasaki
was a town located in Minamitakaki District, Nagasaki, Japan.On March 31, 2006 Futsu was merged with the towns of Arie, Fukae, Kazusa, Kitaarima, Kuchinotsu, Minamiarima and Nishiarie, all from Minamitakaki District, to form the new city of Minamishimabara....
, Kazusa
Kazusa, Nagasaki
was a town located in Minamitakaki District, Nagasaki, Japan.On March 31, 2006 Kazusa was merged with the towns of Arie, Fukae, Futsu, Kitaarima, Kuchinotsu, Minamiarima and Nishiarie, all from Minamitakaki District, to form the new city of Minamishimabara....
, Kitaarima
Kitaarima, Nagasaki
was a town located in Minamitakaki District, Nagasaki, Japan.On March 31, 2006 Kitaarima was merged with the towns of Arie, Fukae, Futsu, Kazusa, Kuchinotsu, Minamiarima and Nishiarie, all from Minamitakaki District, to form the new city of Minamishimabara....
, Kuchinotsu
Kuchinotsu, Nagasaki
was a town located in Minamitakaki District, Nagasaki, Japan.On March 31, 2006 Kuchinotsu was merged with the towns of Arie, Fukae, Futsu, Kazusa, Kitaarima, Minamiarima and Nishiarie, all from Minamitakaki District, to form the new city of Minamishimabara....
, Minami-Arima
Minamiarima, Nagasaki
was a town located in Minamitakaki District, Nagasaki, Japan.On March 31, 2006 Minamiarima was merged with the towns of Arie, Fukae, Futsu, Kazusa, Kitaarima, Kuchinotsu and Nishiarie, all from Minamitakaki District, to form the new city of Minamishimabara....
and Nishi-Arie
Nishiarie, Nagasaki
was a town located in Minamitakaki District, Nagasaki, Japan.On March 31, 2006 Nishiarie was merged with the towns of Arie, Fukae, Futsu, Kazusa, Kitaarima, Kuchinotsu and Minamiarima, all from Minamitakaki District, to form the new city of Minamishimabara....
, all from Minamitakaki District
Minamitakaki District, Nagasaki
was a district located in Nagasaki, Japan. The district was dissolved on March 31, 2006.The district was equivalent to the cities of Shimabara, Unzen, and Minamishimabara....
, which was dissolved as a result.
History
The area now comprising Minamishimabara was under the control of the Arima clanArima clan
The was a Japanese feudal daimyo family dating to the Sengoku period. Its name "Arima," transliterates as "has horses," reflecting the samurai/cavalry origins of the family. Famous members include Arima Harunobu and Arima Naozumi....
, who ruled from Hinoe Castle
Hinoe Castle
Hinoe Castle is a castle located in Minamishimabara, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. The castle was originally built in the 13th century. It belonged to the Arima Clan, and was the residence of the Christian daimyo. In 1637, during the Shimabara Rebellion, it was burned down by the forces of the...
in the Muromachi period
Muromachi period
The is a division of Japanese history running from approximately 1336 to 1573. The period marks the governance of the Muromachi or Ashikaga shogunate, which was officially established in 1338 by the first Muromachi shogun, Ashikaga Takauji, two years after the brief Kemmu restoration of imperial...
. The area was the site of considerable foreign trade and Portuguese and Spanish missionary activity, and by the early Edo period
Edo period
The , or , is a division of Japanese history which was ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family, running from 1603 to 1868. The political entity of this period was the Tokugawa shogunate....
, a large percentage of the population were Kirishitan
Kirishitan
, from Portuguese cristão, referred to Roman Catholic Christians in Japanese and is used as a historiographic term for Roman Catholics in Japan in the 16th and 17th centuries. Christian missionaries were known as bateren or iruman...
. After the start of the national isolation
Sakoku
was the foreign relations policy of Japan under which no foreigner could enter nor could any Japanese leave the country on penalty of death. The policy was enacted by the Tokugawa shogunate under Tokugawa Iemitsu through a number of edicts and policies from 1633–39 and remained in effect until...
policy, the Tokugawa Bakufu banned Christianity from 1614 and replaced Arima Naozumi
Arima Naozumi
was the first son of the Kirishitan daimyo Arima Harunobu. He was baptized as a child with the name Miguel . He was born in Hinoe Castle in Shimabara but was sent by his father to work beside Tokugawa Ieyasu at the age of 15...
with Matsukura Shigemasa
Matsukura Shigemasa
was a Japanese feudal lord of the late Sengoku and early Edo periods. He held the title of Bingo no Kami and the Imperial court rank of junior 5th, lower grade . Though he began as a retainer of Tsutsui Sadatsugu of Yamato Province, he became a lord in his own right, acquiring the 60,000 koku...
, who relocated the capital of Shimabara Domain
Shimabara Domain
The ' was a feudal domain of Edo period Japan, located in Hizen Province, Kyūshū, occupying most of Shimabara Peninsula.-History:The Arima clan, who were Kirishitan daimyō, ruled over Shimabara Domain in the late Muromachi period from Hinoe Castle and Hara Castle...
to Shimabara Castle
Shimabara Castle
, also known as and , is a Japanese castle located in Shimabara, Hizen Province , also known as and , is a Japanese castle located in Shimabara, Hizen Province , also known as and , is a Japanese castle located in Shimabara, Hizen Province (present day Nagasaki prefecture. This five-story white...
is what is now Shimabara
Shimabara, Nagasaki
is a city located on the north-eastern tip of the Shimabara Peninsula, facing Ariake Bay in the east and Mount Unzen in the west, in Nagasaki Prefecture, Kyūshū, Japan.-History:...
. Due to misgovernment, high taxes and persecution of Christianity, the population rose in the Shimabara Rebellion
Shimabara Rebellion
The was an uprising largely involving Japanese peasants, most of them Catholic Christians, in 1637–1638 during the Edo period.It was one of only a handful of instances of serious unrest during the relatively peaceful period of the Tokugawa shogunate's rule...
of 1637, with the peasants occupying the fortress of Hara Castle as their strongpoint. The rebellion was suppressed with extreme severity by the Tokugawa Bakufu, and the area of Minamishimabara was ruled by a branch of the Matsudaira clan
Matsudaira clan
The was a Japanese samurai clan that claimed descent from the Minamoto clan. It first originated in and took its name from Matsudaira village, in Mikawa Province . Over the course of its history, the clan produced many branches, most of which also centered around Mikawa Province...
from 1668-1774 and from 1774-1871.