Middleton-by-Youlgreave
Encyclopedia
Middleton, often known as Middleton-by-Youlgreave or Middleton-by-Youlgrave to distinguish it from nearby Middleton-by-Wirksworth
, is a village in the Peak District
, Derbyshire
, England
. It lies south west of Youlgreave
, above the River Bradford
. Its main industries are farming and tourism
.
as belonging to Henry de Ferrers
; it included a mill and was worth sixteen shillings.
The village grew up during the Middle Ages. Middleton Castle, a fortified manor house
, was built in the early seventeenth century, and saw some fighting during the English Civil War
. Christopher Fulwood
attempted to raise a Royalist
force from his base in the Castle, but on 16 November 1643, Roundhead
troops raided the house and killed Fulwood. The Castle now lies in ruins.
The settlement's present appearance dates from the early nineteenth century. Thomas Bateman rebuilt the entire village in the 1820s, incorporating the mullion
ed windows of earlier buildings to retain something of its traditional appearance. The small parish church
also dates from this period, and Bateman rebuilt Middleton Hall as his own residence.
Bateman's grandson, the archaeologist also named Thomas Bateman
, lived in the village, and built Lomberdale Hall as his residence.
An annual well dressing
takes place in the village, and the village hosts an annual musical festival, showcasing local musicians every summer. Arbor Low
lies two miles west of Middleton.
Middleton-by-Wirksworth
Middleton-by-Wirksworth is an upland village lying approximately one mile NNW of Wirksworth, Derbyshire, formerly known for its lead mines and high quality limestone quarries, including the remarkable underground quarry site at Middleton Mine...
, is a village in the Peak District
Peak District
The Peak District is an upland area in central and northern England, lying mainly in northern Derbyshire, but also covering parts of Cheshire, Greater Manchester, Staffordshire, and South and West Yorkshire....
, Derbyshire
Derbyshire
Derbyshire is a county in the East Midlands of England. A substantial portion of the Peak District National Park lies within Derbyshire. The northern part of Derbyshire overlaps with the Pennines, a famous chain of hills and mountains. The county contains within its boundary of approx...
, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
. It lies south west of Youlgreave
Youlgreave
Youlgreave or Youlgrave is a village in the Derbyshire Peak District, lying on the River Bradford, four kilometres south of Bakewell. Both spellings are used on different local signposts and on different maps. The name possibly derives from "yellow grove" , though was historically called "Giolgrave"...
, above the River Bradford
River Bradford
The River Bradford is a river in Peak District National Park in England. Its source is near Middleton-by-Youlgrave and after passing below Youlgreave it joins the River Lathkill at Alport...
. Its main industries are farming and tourism
Tourism
Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes".Tourism has become a...
.
History
This manor was mentioned in the Domesday bookDomesday Book
Domesday Book , now held at The National Archives, Kew, Richmond upon Thames in South West London, is the record of the great survey of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086...
as belonging to Henry de Ferrers
Henry de Ferrers
Henry de Ferrers was a Norman soldier from a noble family who took part in the conquest of England and is believed to have fought at the Battle of Hastings of 1066 and, in consequence, was rewarded with much land in the subdued nation.His elder brother William fell in the battle. William and Henri...
; it included a mill and was worth sixteen shillings.
The village grew up during the Middle Ages. Middleton Castle, a fortified manor house
Manor house
A manor house is a country house that historically formed the administrative centre of a manor, the lowest unit of territorial organisation in the feudal system in Europe. The term is applied to country houses that belonged to the gentry and other grand stately homes...
, was built in the early seventeenth century, and saw some fighting during the English Civil War
English Civil War
The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists...
. Christopher Fulwood
Christopher Fulwood
Christopher Fulwood , was an English royalist.Fulwood was probably born in London about 1590, was the eldest son of Sir George Fulwood, lord of the manor of Middleton by Youlgrave, Derbyshire. His father, who died in 1624, was admitted a member of Gray's Inn in 1589 Christopher Fulwood...
attempted to raise a Royalist
Cavalier
Cavalier was the name used by Parliamentarians for a Royalist supporter of King Charles I and son Charles II during the English Civil War, the Interregnum, and the Restoration...
force from his base in the Castle, but on 16 November 1643, Roundhead
Roundhead
"Roundhead" was the nickname given to the supporters of the Parliament during the English Civil War. Also known as Parliamentarians, they fought against King Charles I and his supporters, the Cavaliers , who claimed absolute power and the divine right of kings...
troops raided the house and killed Fulwood. The Castle now lies in ruins.
The settlement's present appearance dates from the early nineteenth century. Thomas Bateman rebuilt the entire village in the 1820s, incorporating the mullion
Mullion
A mullion is a vertical structural element which divides adjacent window units. The primary purpose of the mullion is as a structural support to an arch or lintel above the window opening. Its secondary purpose may be as a rigid support to the glazing of the window...
ed windows of earlier buildings to retain something of its traditional appearance. The small parish church
Parish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
also dates from this period, and Bateman rebuilt Middleton Hall as his own residence.
Bateman's grandson, the archaeologist also named Thomas Bateman
Thomas Bateman
Thomas Bateman was an English antiquary and barrow-digger.-Biography:Thomas Bateman was born in Rowsley, Derbyshire, England, the son of the amateur archaeologist William Bateman...
, lived in the village, and built Lomberdale Hall as his residence.
An annual well dressing
Well dressing
Well dressing is a summer custom practised in rural England in which wells, springs or other water sources are decorated with designs created from flower petals...
takes place in the village, and the village hosts an annual musical festival, showcasing local musicians every summer. Arbor Low
Arbor Low
Arbor Low is a Neolithic henge monument in the Peak District, Derbyshire, England. Arbor Low is located in the White Peak zone of the Peak District in Derbyshire . The White Peak is a Carboniferous Limestone plateau lying between approximately 200-400m OD...
lies two miles west of Middleton.