Michael Elmore-Meegan
Encyclopedia
Michael Elmore-Meegan, also known as Michael Meegan, (born 26 March 1959) is the co-founder of the International Community for Relief Of Starvation and Suffering (ICROSS)
ICROSS
ICROSS, which stands for "the International Community for the Relief of Suffering and Starvation" is a Kenyan-based non-governmental organization founded by Michael Meegan, Joseph Barnes and Thomas O'Riordan which specialises in long term primary health, community health care and public health...

, an aid agency operating in East Africa
East Africa
East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easterly region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. In the UN scheme of geographic regions, 19 territories constitute Eastern Africa:...

 that describes itself as "a small international organisation working to fight poverty and disease in the poorest parts of the world." Meegan also co-founded an Irish branch of the charity known as Icross Ltd, which broke with Meegan in 2010. The website of ICROSS Kenya currently lists "Dr. Michael Elmore Meegan - Founder and International Director ICROSS."

Early life

Born in Liverpool
Liverpool
Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England, along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary. It was founded as a borough in 1207 and was granted city status in 1880...

 to Irish and French parents, Thomas Michael Kevin Elmore-Meegan spent his childhood in Freshfield Lancs and Rishworth, Yorkshire. Educated in Vaughan House and Bishops Court Prep School, Heathfield, Yorkshire. He was Baptised by John Heenan, the future Cardinal Archbishop Heenan. He began sculpting at an early age. In 1977 he entered the Catholic society of White Fathers - The Missionnaries of Africa Pères Blanc - hoping to become a Missionary in Africa. Due to a serious burn injury he left the White Fathers and after completing a degree in Philosophy from the Holy See he entered noviciate in the Society of Jesus. In 1979 Meegan left to persue his passion for Africa and founded the Community for the Relief of Starvation and Suffering which, by 1984, was renamed the International Community for Relief of Starvation and Suffering.

He spoke French and Latin at the age of ten. In 1977, he completed his seconday school studies at Dublin's Terenure College
Terenure College
Terenure College is a Carmelites-run secondary school located in the Terenure area of Dublin, Ireland. The College was founded in 1860 and comprises a primary and secondary school. The school is part of the popular culture "Rugby Belt" or Leinster Schools Rugby playing institutions, having a strong...

, run by the Order of the Brothers of Our Lady of Mount Carmel
Carmelites
The Order of the Brothers of Our Lady of Mount Carmel or Carmelites is a Catholic religious order perhaps founded in the 12th century on Mount Carmel, hence its name. However, historical records about its origin remain uncertain...

. He moved to Kenya
Kenya
Kenya , officially known as the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator, with the Indian Ocean to its south-east...

 where he settled in the Great Rift Valley
Great Rift Valley
The Great Rift Valley is a name given in the late 19th century by British explorer John Walter Gregory to the continuous geographic trench, approximately in length, that runs from northern Syria in Southwest Asia to central Mozambique in South East Africa...

 and began to perform aid work among the local people., Changing the World.

Career

Aged twenty, he went to Kenya where he began to work among the Maasai people to address village devastated by diseases such as malaria
Malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease of humans and other animals caused by eukaryotic protists of the genus Plasmodium. The disease results from the multiplication of Plasmodium parasites within red blood cells, causing symptoms that typically include fever and headache, in severe cases...

 and tuberculous. He established ICROSS in Ireland with Dr Joe Barnes MD, a Papal Knight and the pioneer of Tropical Medicine in Ireland. In Kenya ICROSS evolved with the help of the Irish Holy Ghost Fathers and personal friends, Meegan created one of the largest networks of primary health services among pastoral nomads in East Africa. By 1986 with the support of the Director of Medical services, Dr Wilfred Koinange, ICROSS had established community health programmes in 6 locations across four districts in Kenya.

A friend of Wilfred Thesiger, he worked closely with traditional Samburu. He spent over twenty years collecting ethnographic and ethnomedical data, recording language and tribal artifacts and writing about cultural belief systems. In the mid 1980s he adopted two Kenyans; Lemoite Lemako and Saruni OleKoitee OleLengeny, later to become assistant CEO of ICROSS Kenya. His work extended into reproductive health and eventually AIDS
AIDS
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus...

. Under Meegan's leadership, ICROSS
ICROSS
ICROSS, which stands for "the International Community for the Relief of Suffering and Starvation" is a Kenyan-based non-governmental organization founded by Michael Meegan, Joseph Barnes and Thomas O'Riordan which specialises in long term primary health, community health care and public health...

 worked with a number of other organizations on a Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , is a Dublin-based medical institution, situated on St. Stephen's Green. The college is one of the five Recognised Colleges of the National University of Ireland...

 led project, to develop a Solar water disinfection
Solar water disinfection
Solar water disinfection, also known as SODIS is a method of disinfecting water using only sunlight and plastic PET bottles. SODIS is a free and effective method for decentralized water treatment, usually applied at the household level and is recommended by the World Health Organization as a viable...

 system that could be used by village households. He pioneered the concept of community ownership in community health services, campaigning for long term public health policies, planning in local languages and working through local cultures. His close friends include Wilfred Thesiger and Profeeor David Morley. His supporters have ranged from Sean McBride, Son of Maude Gonne to Fr John Powell SJ.
He is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Medicine of Ireland, and the East African Association of Anthropology; Senior Research fellow at the Centre of Culture and Development Baroda, Gujarat, and a Lions Melvin Jones Fellow. In 2008 he received an International Humanitarian award - the "International Angelo della Pace" at the "Premio internazionale Exposcuola per l'impegno civile Italy" from the Rachel Foundation Italy

In the early 2000s, Michael Meegan became a prominent figure in Ireland whose fundraising activities for ICROSS attracted the public support of former Irish Prime Minister Garret FitzGerald
Garret FitzGerald
Garret FitzGerald was an Irish politician who was twice Taoiseach of Ireland, serving in office from July 1981 to February 1982 and again from December 1982 to March 1987. FitzGerald was elected to Seanad Éireann in 1965 and was subsequently elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fine Gael TD in 1969. He...

 and entertainment celebrities such as Elton John
Elton John
Sir Elton Hercules John, CBE, Hon DMus is an English rock singer-songwriter, composer, pianist and occasional actor...

, Chris de Burgh
Chris de Burgh
Chris de Burgh is a British/Irish singer-songwriter. He is most famous for his 1986 love song "The Lady in Red".-Early life:...

, Caroline Corr
Caroline Corr
Caroline Corr is an Irish singer and drummer for the Celtic folk rock band The Corrs. In addition to the drums, Caroline also plays the bodhrán and piano...

, and Andrea Corr
Andrea Corr
Andrea Jane Corr is an Irish musician, songwriter and actress. Corr debuted in 1990 as the lead singer of the Celtic folk rock and pop rock group The Corrs along with her three elder siblings Caroline, Sharon, and Jim...

. His writing and charitable activity brought him Ireland's well-regarded 2003 International Person of the Year Award presented in a nationally televised ceremony by the Irish charity Rehab.

Among a number of media works on Michael Meegan, in May 2005, Ireland's state owned RTE
RTE
RTÉ is the abbreviation for Raidió Teilifís Éireann, the public broadcasting service of the Republic of Ireland.RTE may also refer to:* Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, 25th Prime Minister of Turkey...

 televised a documentary about Meegan entitled When You Say 4000 Goodbyes. After the broadcast, Meegan's charity ICROSS received 400,000 euros in donations. On 19 November 2005, When You Say 4000 Goodbyes. was shown at Harvard University's
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...

 prestigious Magners Irish Film Festival]. On 5 May 2006, the documentary won the Radharc Award 2006 for the "documentary programme of outstanding quality which addresses a national or international topic of social justice, morality or faith." Meegan extended his model of grassroot, community owned, health care; writing and lecturing widely on public health in Africa. Meegan Published a series of books about human poverty and suffering.

On 7 April 2006, he received an honorary degree from the National University of Ireland
National University of Ireland
The National University of Ireland , , is a federal university system of constituent universities, previously called constituent colleges, and recognised colleges set up under the Irish Universities Act, 1908, and significantly amended by the Universities Act, 1997.The constituent universities are...

 in a ceremony at the Royal Hospital Kilmainham. On 5 December 2007, Meegan spoke at RedR UK's
RedR
RedR is an international NGO whose stated mission is to “rebuild lives in times of disaster by training, supporting and providing aid workers to relief programmes across the world.” It was originally an acronym for Register of Engineers for Disaster Relief, although it is no longer used as...

 conference entitled Future Shocks: disasters and relief in a changing world on the same platform as the charity's British president HRH The Princess Royal
Anne, Princess Royal
Princess Anne, Princess Royal , is the only daughter of Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh...

.
He continues to develop the ICROSS model of integrated holistic health care, stressing evidence based planning. His research into water borne disease and diarrhoeal disease continues to impact rural health programmes internationally. Since 2009 Meegan has campaigned for changes in how AIDs is modelled, moving from donor driven, to community driven planning of public health services.

Controversy

In July 2006, it was reported that Meegan lied about his qualifications when attempting to secure a multi-million dollar grant in the United States. These reports were discredited as Meegan remained head of ICROSS and legal action was taken against sources.

In 2006 it was discovered that he had overstated his qualifications in an attempt to win grants, claiming he had a doctorate even though his qualification came from Knightsbridge University, an unaccredited “mail order” college. Meegan admitted he got his doctorate from Knightsbridge University, which trades from a Danish post office box. John Bear
John Bear
John Bjorn Bear is an American authority on distance education and a writer of creative reference works. Bear holds bachelor and master degrees from University of California, Berkeley and a doctorate from Michigan State University...

, an expert on diploma mill
Diploma mill
A diploma mill is an organization that awards academic degrees and diplomas with substandard or no academic study and without recognition by official educational accrediting bodies. The purchaser can then claim to hold an academic degree, and the organization is motivated by making a profit...

s and a former FBI consultant, stated in connection with the scandal: "Knightsbridge most emphatically is not licensed or recognised by the Danish government (or any other government on Earth), and its degrees are as useless in Denmark as they are in Ireland or anywhere else"
His qualifications include a Masters degree in Health from Trinity college and an Honory Doctorate in Medicine from the National University of Ireland in recognition of his contribution to International health. He is also completing a Doctorate in Global health 2012.

In April 2010, Meegan lost a case in the Irish High Court in which he sought to prevent the Irish Mail on Sunday from publishing its "investigation into a series of allegations of sexual assault. Since then three of those interviewed by the Irish Mail on Sunday (James Njenga, Elle Kihara and P NgaNga) have made statements to Kenyan police saying Barbara Jones paid them to lie. They also alleged financial impropriety and inappropriate behaviour."

No legal charges have been made against those who made the allegations, James Njenga one of those cited in the high court case has since recorded statements to the Police July 2011 stating that the stories were fabricated and paid for.

Although Meegan denies all allegations made against him, The Honourable Nicholas Kearns
Nicholas Kearns
Nicholas Kearns is the President of the High Court of Ireland, and ex-officio member of the Supreme Court. He was appointed a judge of the High Court in 1998 and was appointed to the Supreme Court in November 2004. He is the most senior Irish judge after Chief Justice Susan Denham. He was...

, President of the High Court of Ireland rejected Meegan's application for an injunction against publication under section 33(1) of the Defamation Act 2009. After Meegan lost the case, Kenya's Sunday Nation
Daily Nation
The Daily Nation is a Kenyan independent newspaper. It is the most influential newspaper in Kenya with a daily circulation of about 205,000 copies. The total readership is likely to be higher as each copy is read by a large number of people...

 newspaper reported: "Mr Meegan, the case documents claim, paid his workers for letting him cane them for his sexual pleasure. Affidavits shown to the High Court further alleged that Mr Meegan skimmed donor accounts to support his lifestyle and flew gay partners from around the world to visit him using the money given to Icross. No proof was ever provided and civil action has been taken.

He denied all the claims and said he was the victim of a conspiracy by Mary Anne Fitzgerald of ACE also named by Elle Kihara and James Njenga both Mail on Sunday witnesses used in the high Court case."

After the revelation of the accusations concerning Meegan's education, finances, and personal behavior, he was also accused of misrepresenting himself as a priest. Civil suits are ongoing and Kenyan Police are in the process of criminal action for fraud and defamation charges against the lead witness of the Mail articles; Peter Saingaire and Paulo Learat both of whom have criminal records.

As controversy about Meegan developed, he was strongly supported by Dr. Joseph Barnes, a highly regarded former professor at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , is a Dublin-based medical institution, situated on St. Stephen's Green. The college is one of the five Recognised Colleges of the National University of Ireland...

 with long year's of experience in African charity work. According to the Irish Times, "Dr Barnes (95) acknowledged Irish Aid had uncovered a “lacuna” of missing funding but said this had not been attributed to fraud. A Kenyan staff member was fired afterwards for “putting his hand in the till.” Meegan continues implementing long term health programmes in Africa and legal action against those who fabricated stories continues

Publications

  • Conroy, Ronán M.; & Michael Elmore Meegan. Dwindling Donor Aid for Health Programmes in Developing Countries, The Lancet, 14 May 1994.

  • Conroy, Ronán M.; Michael Elmore-Meegan, Tina M. Joyce, Kevin G. McGuigan & Joseph Barnes. Solar Disinfection of Drinking Water and Diarrhoea in Maasai Children: A Controlled Field Trial, The Lancet, 21 December 1996.

  • Conroy, Ronán M.; Michael Elmore Meegan, Tina M. Joyce, Kevin G. McGuigan & Joseph Barnes. Solar Disinfection of Drinking Water Protects Against Cholera in Children Under 6 Years of Age, Archives of Disease in Childhood, October 2001.

  • Conroy, Ronán M.; Michael Elmore Meegan, Tina M. Joyce, Kevin G. McGuigan & Joseph Barnes. Solar Disinfection of Water Reduces Diarrhoeal Disease: An Update, Archives of Disease in Childhood, October 1999.

  • Elmore-Meegan, Michael; Ronán M. Conroy & C. Bernard Agala. Sex Workers In Kenya, Numbers Of Clients and Associated Risks: An Exploratory Survey, Reproductive Health Matters, May 2004.

  • Joyce, Tina M.; Kevin G. McGuigan, Michael Elmore-Meegan, & Ronán M. Conroy. Inactivation of Fecal Bacteria in Drinking Water by Solar Heating, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 1996.

  • Konings, E.; , R.M. Anderson, Donald Morley, T. O'Riordan, Michael Meegan. Rates of Sexual Partner Change Among Two Pastoralist Southern Nilotic Groups in East Africa, AIDS, Londond, England, April 1989.

  • Mccormick, James; & Michael Elmore-Meegan. Maasai Diet, The Lancet, 24 October 1992.

  • McGuigan, Kevin G.; Tina M. Joyce, Ronán M. Conroy, J.B. Gillespie, & Michael Elmore-Meegan. Solar Disinfection of Drinking Water Contained in Transparent Plastic Bottles: Characterizing the Bacterial Inactivation Process, Journal of Applied Microbiology, June 1998.


  • Meegan, Michael. All Shall Be Well: On Compassion and Love, London: Fount, 13 Oct 1986.



  • Meegan, Michael; Donald C. Morley, & R. Brown. Child Weighing by the Unschooled: A Report of a Controlled Study of Growth Monitoring Over 12 Months of Maasai Children Using Direct Recording Scales, Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, November–December 1994.

  • Meegan, Michael Elmore; Ronán M. Conroy, Sarune Ole Lengeny, Kate Renhaul, & J Nyangole. Effect On Neonatal Tetanus Mortality After A Culturally-Based Health Promotion Programme, The Lancet, 25 August 2001.

  • Meegan, Michael; & David Morley. Growth Monitoring: Family Participation: Effective Community Development, Tropical Doctor, January 1999.

  • Meegan, Michael; & James, McCormick. Prevention of Disease in the Poor World, The Lancet, 16 July 1988.

  • Meegan, Michael. The Reality of Starvation and Disease, The Lancet, 17 January 1981.

  • Meegan, Michael. Rethinking Famine Relief, The Lancet, 21 November 1992.

  • Meegan, Michael. Starvation and Suffering, The Lancet, 31 December 1983.

  • Meegan, Michael. Surprised by Joy: Out of the Darkness - Light, a Story of Hope in the Midst of Tragedy, Dunboyne, Ireland: Maverick House, 2 May 2006

  • Meegan, Michael; & Sharon Wilinson. Take My Hand 2008.


  • Meegan, Mike; David Morley, & Desmond Chavasse. Fly Traps, The Lancet, 22 March 1997.

Awards

  • 2008 Premio internazionale Exposcuola 2008 per l'impegno civile

  • 2008 Angelo della Pace

  • 2006 Fellow, Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland

  • 2006 Graves Medal Dublin

  • 2006 Honorary Degree of Doctor of Medicine (DMed);, National University of Ireland
    National University of Ireland
    The National University of Ireland , , is a federal university system of constituent universities, previously called constituent colleges, and recognised colleges set up under the Irish Universities Act, 1908, and significantly amended by the Universities Act, 1997.The constituent universities are...


  • 2003 International Person of the Year, ESB/Rehab People of the Year Awards

  • 1988 Past Pupil of the Year Award, Terenure College
    Terenure College
    Terenure College is a Carmelites-run secondary school located in the Terenure area of Dublin, Ireland. The College was founded in 1860 and comprises a primary and secondary school. The school is part of the popular culture "Rugby Belt" or Leinster Schools Rugby playing institutions, having a strong...

    , Dublin (Note: Terenure College lists the 1988 award winners as Michael Meighan which may be a variant spelling of "Meegan.")

External links

  • http://www.michaelmeegan.com
  • http://www.newworldinternational.org
  • http://www.icrosskenya.org
  • http://www.eye-books.com
The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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