Michael Baumgarten
Encyclopedia
Michael Baumgarten German
Protestant theologian
, was born at Haseldorf in Schleswig-Holstein
.
He studied at Kiel University
(1832), and became professor ordinarius of theology at Rostock
(1850). A liberal scholar, he became widely known in 1854 through a work, Die Nachtgesichte Sacharjas. Eine Prophetenstimme aus der Gegenwart, in which, starting from texts in the Old Testament
and assuming the tone of a prophet
, he discussed topics of every kind.
At a pastoral conference in 1856 he boldly defended evangelical freedom as regards the legal sanctity of Sunday. This, with other attempts to liberalize religion, brought him into conflict with the ecclesiastical authorities of Mecklenburg
, and in 1858 he was deprived of his professorship.
He then travelled throughout Germany, demanding justice, telling the story of his life (Christliche Selbstgesprache, 1861), and lecturing on the life of Jesus
(Die Geschichte Jesu. Fr das Verständniss der Gegenwart, 1859). In 1865 he helped to found the Deutsche Protestantenverein, but withdrew from it in 1877. On several occasions (1874, 1877 and 1878) he sat in the Reichstag
as a member of the progressive party.
Other works:
H. H. Studt published his autobiography in 1891 (2 vols); see also C. Schwartz, Neueste Theologie (1869); Lichtenberger
, Hist. Germ. Theol., 1889; Calwer-Zeller, Kirchen-Lexikon.
----
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
Protestant theologian
Theology
Theology is the systematic and rational study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truths, or the learned profession acquired by completing specialized training in religious studies, usually at a university or school of divinity or seminary.-Definition:Augustine of Hippo...
, was born at Haseldorf in Schleswig-Holstein
Schleswig-Holstein
Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the sixteen states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig...
.
He studied at Kiel University
University of Kiel
The University of Kiel is a university in the city of Kiel, Germany. It was founded in 1665 as the Academia Holsatorum Chiloniensis by Christian Albert, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and has approximately 23,000 students today...
(1832), and became professor ordinarius of theology at Rostock
University of Rostock
The University of Rostock is the university of the city Rostock, in the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.Founded in 1419, it is the oldest and largest university in continental northern Europe and the Baltic Sea area...
(1850). A liberal scholar, he became widely known in 1854 through a work, Die Nachtgesichte Sacharjas. Eine Prophetenstimme aus der Gegenwart, in which, starting from texts in the Old Testament
Old Testament
The Old Testament, of which Christians hold different views, is a Christian term for the religious writings of ancient Israel held sacred and inspired by Christians which overlaps with the 24-book canon of the Masoretic Text of Judaism...
and assuming the tone of a prophet
Prophet
In religion, a prophet, from the Greek word προφήτης profitis meaning "foreteller", is an individual who is claimed to have been contacted by the supernatural or the divine, and serves as an intermediary with humanity, delivering this newfound knowledge from the supernatural entity to other people...
, he discussed topics of every kind.
At a pastoral conference in 1856 he boldly defended evangelical freedom as regards the legal sanctity of Sunday. This, with other attempts to liberalize religion, brought him into conflict with the ecclesiastical authorities of Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg is a historical region in northern Germany comprising the western and larger part of the federal-state Mecklenburg-Vorpommern...
, and in 1858 he was deprived of his professorship.
He then travelled throughout Germany, demanding justice, telling the story of his life (Christliche Selbstgesprache, 1861), and lecturing on the life of Jesus
Jesus
Jesus of Nazareth , commonly referred to as Jesus Christ or simply as Jesus or Christ, is the central figure of Christianity...
(Die Geschichte Jesu. Fr das Verständniss der Gegenwart, 1859). In 1865 he helped to found the Deutsche Protestantenverein, but withdrew from it in 1877. On several occasions (1874, 1877 and 1878) he sat in the Reichstag
Reichstag (German Empire)
The Reichstag was the parliament of the North German Confederation , and of the German Reich ....
as a member of the progressive party.
Other works:
- Apostelgeschichte oder Entwicklungsgang der Kirche von Jerusalem bis Rom (2 vols 2nd ed., 1859)
- Doktor Martin LutherMartin LutherMartin Luther was a German priest, professor of theology and iconic figure of the Protestant Reformation. He strongly disputed the claim that freedom from God's punishment for sin could be purchased with money. He confronted indulgence salesman Johann Tetzel with his Ninety-Five Theses in 1517...
, ein Volksbuch (188l).
H. H. Studt published his autobiography in 1891 (2 vols); see also C. Schwartz, Neueste Theologie (1869); Lichtenberger
Lichtenberger
Lichtenberger is a surname and may refer to:* André Lichtenberger * Armando Lichtenberger Jr.* Eva Lichtenberger* Johannes Lichtenberger, German astrologer, died 1503* Ulrich "Uli" Hesse-Lichtenberger...
, Hist. Germ. Theol., 1889; Calwer-Zeller, Kirchen-Lexikon.
----