Methods of virtual reality
Encyclopedia
There are a number of methods by which virtual reality
(VR) can be realized.
-based virtual reality. Driving simulators, for example, give the driver on board the impression that he/she is actually driving an actual vehicle by predicting vehicular motion
caused by driver input and feeding back corresponding visual, motion, audio and proprioceptive cues to the driver. The simulator normally consists of several systems as follows: a real-time vehicle simulation system performing real-time simulation of vehicle dynamics; motion, visual and audio systems reproducing vehicle motion, driving environment scenes and noise sensed by a driver during driving; a control force roading system acting as an interface between the driver and the simulator; an operator
console
for monitoring system operation; and system integration managing information and data transfer among subsystems and synchronization
. The driving simulators have been used effectively for vehicle system development, safety improvement and human factor study.
image
-based virtual reality, people can join the virtual environment in the form of real video as well as an avatar. The proposed image VR system can handle two types of users. One can participate in the 3D distributed virtual environment as form of either a conventional avatar or a real video. Background of the video is effectively eliminated to enhance the sense of reality. A user can select his/her own type of participation based on the system capability. Users with capture board and camera may select a video avatar while others select a conventional computer graphics
-based avatar. Avatar image-based VR now provides pretty good interaction environment between human and computer far beyond the conventional desktop computer systems. High-speed networks become available with the advance of network technologies.
as well as computer vision
communities. The reason is that is it provides more realism by using photo realistic images and the modeling procedure is rather simple. In generating realistic models, it is essential to accurately register acquired 3D data. Usually, camera
is used for modeling small objects at a short distance.
can be used as an example, using various triggers, responsive characters, and other such interactive devices to make the user feel as though they are in a virtual world. A common criticism of this form of immersion is that there is no sense of peripheral vision, limiting the user's ability to know what is happening around them.
. Most likely to be produced using a Brain-computer interface
.
An intermediate stage may be produced by "Virtual Space" using a head-mounted display with head tracking and computer control of the image presented to the helmet.
Virtual reality
Virtual reality , also known as virtuality, is a term that applies to computer-simulated environments that can simulate physical presence in places in the real world, as well as in imaginary worlds...
(VR) can be realized.
Simulation-based VR
The first method is simulationSimulation
Simulation is the imitation of some real thing available, state of affairs, or process. The act of simulating something generally entails representing certain key characteristics or behaviours of a selected physical or abstract system....
-based virtual reality. Driving simulators, for example, give the driver on board the impression that he/she is actually driving an actual vehicle by predicting vehicular motion
Motion (physics)
In physics, motion is a change in position of an object with respect to time. Change in action is the result of an unbalanced force. Motion is typically described in terms of velocity, acceleration, displacement and time . An object's velocity cannot change unless it is acted upon by a force, as...
caused by driver input and feeding back corresponding visual, motion, audio and proprioceptive cues to the driver. The simulator normally consists of several systems as follows: a real-time vehicle simulation system performing real-time simulation of vehicle dynamics; motion, visual and audio systems reproducing vehicle motion, driving environment scenes and noise sensed by a driver during driving; a control force roading system acting as an interface between the driver and the simulator; an operator
Operator (profession)
An operator is a professional designation used in various industries, including broadcasting , computing, customer service, physics, and construction. Operators are day-to-day end users of systems, that may or may not be mission-critical, but are typically managed and maintained by technicians or...
console
Console
- Computing and video games :* System console, a physical device to operate a computer** Virtual console, a user interface for multiple computer consoles on one device** Command-line interface, the typical use of the computer console...
for monitoring system operation; and system integration managing information and data transfer among subsystems and synchronization
Synchronization
Synchronization is timekeeping which requires the coordination of events to operate a system in unison. The familiar conductor of an orchestra serves to keep the orchestra in time....
. The driving simulators have been used effectively for vehicle system development, safety improvement and human factor study.
Avatar image-based VR
With avatarAvatar (virtual reality)
In computing, an avatar is the graphical representation of the user or the user's alter ego or character. It may take either a three-dimensional form, as in games or virtual worlds, or a two-dimensional form as an icon in Internet forums and other online communities. It can also refer to a text...
image
Image
An image is an artifact, for example a two-dimensional picture, that has a similar appearance to some subject—usually a physical object or a person.-Characteristics:...
-based virtual reality, people can join the virtual environment in the form of real video as well as an avatar. The proposed image VR system can handle two types of users. One can participate in the 3D distributed virtual environment as form of either a conventional avatar or a real video. Background of the video is effectively eliminated to enhance the sense of reality. A user can select his/her own type of participation based on the system capability. Users with capture board and camera may select a video avatar while others select a conventional computer graphics
Computer graphics
Computer graphics are graphics created using computers and, more generally, the representation and manipulation of image data by a computer with help from specialized software and hardware....
-based avatar. Avatar image-based VR now provides pretty good interaction environment between human and computer far beyond the conventional desktop computer systems. High-speed networks become available with the advance of network technologies.
Projector-based VR
In projector-based virtual reality, modeling of the real environment plays a vital role in various virtual reality applications, such as robot navigation, construction modeling and airplane simulation. Image based virtual reality system is gaining popularity in computer graphicsComputer graphics
Computer graphics are graphics created using computers and, more generally, the representation and manipulation of image data by a computer with help from specialized software and hardware....
as well as computer vision
Computer vision
Computer vision is a field that includes methods for acquiring, processing, analysing, and understanding images and, in general, high-dimensional data from the real world in order to produce numerical or symbolic information, e.g., in the forms of decisions...
communities. The reason is that is it provides more realism by using photo realistic images and the modeling procedure is rather simple. In generating realistic models, it is essential to accurately register acquired 3D data. Usually, camera
Camera
A camera is a device that records and stores images. These images may be still photographs or moving images such as videos or movies. The term camera comes from the camera obscura , an early mechanism for projecting images...
is used for modeling small objects at a short distance.
Desktop-based VR
Desktop-based virtual reality involves displaying a 3-dimensional virtual world on a regular desktop display without use of any specialized movement-tracking equipment. Many modern computer gamesComputer Games
"Computer Games" is a single by New Zealand group, Mi-Sex released in 1979 in Australia and New Zealand and in 1981 throughout Europe. It was the single that launched the band, and was hugely popular, particularly in Australia and New Zealand...
can be used as an example, using various triggers, responsive characters, and other such interactive devices to make the user feel as though they are in a virtual world. A common criticism of this form of immersion is that there is no sense of peripheral vision, limiting the user's ability to know what is happening around them.
True Immersive Virtual Reality
Hypothetical virtual reality as immersive as consensus realityConsensus reality
Consensus reality is an approach to answering the philosophical question "What is real?" It gives a practical answer: reality is either what exists, or what we can agree seems to exist....
. Most likely to be produced using a Brain-computer interface
Brain-computer interface
A brain–computer interface , sometimes called a direct neural interface or a brain–machine interface , is a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device...
.
An intermediate stage may be produced by "Virtual Space" using a head-mounted display with head tracking and computer control of the image presented to the helmet.