Marmaduke Sheild
Encyclopedia
Arthur Marmaduke Sheild was a surgeon
, whose career was curtailed by a self inflicted accident while operating, and a benefactor of Cambridge University
, which named its chair in pharmacology
in his honour.
. In 1875 he began a distinguished student career at St George's Hospital
winning the Brackenbury Prize and two William Brown Exhibitions before graduating MRCS in 1879. After starting as a house surgeon
at St George's, Sheild then spent three years from 1881 in Cambridge, simultaneously as a house-surgeon at Addenbrooke's Hospital
and an undergraduate at Downing College
; during this period he qualified as a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1883.
, culminating in a seven year period at Charing Cross Hospital
where he was assistant surgeon, aural surgeon, demonstrator of anatomy
and lecturer
in practical surgery. In 1893 he returned again to St George's, becoming full surgeon in 1900. While practising as a surgeon he also acted as an examiner for Cambridge University and the Society of Apothecaries.
During his career Sheild published many articles and books; his most notable work was a Clinical Treatise on Diseases of the Breast which was published in 1898.
himself while operating, resulting in a long illness requiring many operations. He retired to Budleigh Salterton
and during the First World War was sufficiently recovered to be able to provide surgical services at the nearby military hospital at Exmouth
.
after suffering a seizure
. By his will he established the Marmaduke Sheild Fund at Cambridge University which initially funded the Sheild Readership
in Pharmacology
and medical scholarships which are awarded to the present day. In 1946 Cambridge University honoured Sheild by naming its newly established chair in pharmacology
in his name.
Surgeon
In medicine, a surgeon is a specialist in surgery. Surgery is a broad category of invasive medical treatment that involves the cutting of a body, whether human or animal, for a specific reason such as the removal of diseased tissue or to repair a tear or breakage...
, whose career was curtailed by a self inflicted accident while operating, and a benefactor of Cambridge University
University of Cambridge
The University of Cambridge is a public research university located in Cambridge, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest university in both the United Kingdom and the English-speaking world , and the seventh-oldest globally...
, which named its chair in pharmacology
Sheild Professor of Pharmacology
The Sheild Professorship of Pharmacology was originally established by grace of 7 June 1946 as a personal chair for the tenure of Ernest Basil Verney...
in his honour.
Education
Marmaduke Sheild was born in 1858 in Landawke, near Laugharne, CarmarthenshireCarmarthenshire
Carmarthenshire is a unitary authority in the south west of Wales and one of thirteen historic counties. It is the 3rd largest in Wales. Its three largest towns are Llanelli, Carmarthen and Ammanford...
. In 1875 he began a distinguished student career at St George's Hospital
St George's Hospital
Founded in 1733, St George’s Hospital is one of the UK's largest teaching hospitals. It shares its main hospital site in Tooting, England with the St George's, University of London which trains NHS staff and carries out advanced medical research....
winning the Brackenbury Prize and two William Brown Exhibitions before graduating MRCS in 1879. After starting as a house surgeon
Pre-registration house officer
Pre-registration house officer , often known as a houseman or house officer, was until 2005 the only job open to medical graduates in the United Kingdom who had just passed their final examinations at medical school and had received their medical degrees.Newly-qualified doctors are only allowed...
at St George's, Sheild then spent three years from 1881 in Cambridge, simultaneously as a house-surgeon at Addenbrooke's Hospital
Addenbrooke's Hospital
Addenbrooke's Hospital is an internationally renowned teaching hospital in Cambridge, England, with strong links to the University of Cambridge. It was founded in 1766 on Trumpington Street with £4,500 from the will of Dr John Addenbrooke, a fellow of St Catharine's College...
and an undergraduate at Downing College
Downing College, Cambridge
Downing College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. The college was founded in 1800 and currently has around 650 students.- History :...
; during this period he qualified as a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1883.
Surgical career
After leaving Cambridge Sheild held posts at St George's as anaesthetist and Westminster HospitalWestminster Hospital
Westminster Hospital was a hospital in London, England, founded in 1719. In 1834 a medical school attached to the hospital was formally founded....
, culminating in a seven year period at Charing Cross Hospital
Charing Cross Hospital
Charing Cross Hospital is a general, acute hospital located in London, United Kingdom and established in 1818. It is located several miles to the west of the city centre in the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham....
where he was assistant surgeon, aural surgeon, demonstrator of anatomy
Anatomy
Anatomy is a branch of biology and medicine that is the consideration of the structure of living things. It is a general term that includes human anatomy, animal anatomy , and plant anatomy...
and lecturer
Lecturer
Lecturer is an academic rank. In the United Kingdom, lecturer is a position at a university or similar institution, often held by academics in their early career stages, who lead research groups and supervise research students, as well as teach...
in practical surgery. In 1893 he returned again to St George's, becoming full surgeon in 1900. While practising as a surgeon he also acted as an examiner for Cambridge University and the Society of Apothecaries.
During his career Sheild published many articles and books; his most notable work was a Clinical Treatise on Diseases of the Breast which was published in 1898.
Retirement and war service
Sheild's career as a surgeon was cut short in 1907 at the age of 49 when he accidentally inoculatedInoculation
Inoculation is the placement of something that will grow or reproduce, and is most commonly used in respect of the introduction of a serum, vaccine, or antigenic substance into the body of a human or animal, especially to produce or boost immunity to a specific disease...
himself while operating, resulting in a long illness requiring many operations. He retired to Budleigh Salterton
Budleigh Salterton
Budleigh Salterton is a small town on the south coast of Devon, England 15 miles south of Exeter. It is situated within an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty designated East Devon AONB.- Features :...
and during the First World War was sufficiently recovered to be able to provide surgical services at the nearby military hospital at Exmouth
Exmouth
Exmouth is a town in Devon. It may also refer to:Places*Exmouth Peninsula in Southern Chile*Exmouth, Western AustraliaPeople*Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth , a British naval officerShips...
.
Death and legacy
Sheild died on 5 August 1922 in the HebridesHebrides
The Hebrides comprise a widespread and diverse archipelago off the west coast of Scotland. There are two main groups: the Inner and Outer Hebrides. These islands have a long history of occupation dating back to the Mesolithic and the culture of the residents has been affected by the successive...
after suffering a seizure
Seizure
An epileptic seizure, occasionally referred to as a fit, is defined as a transient symptom of "abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain". The outward effect can be as dramatic as a wild thrashing movement or as mild as a brief loss of awareness...
. By his will he established the Marmaduke Sheild Fund at Cambridge University which initially funded the Sheild Readership
Reader (academic rank)
The title of Reader in the United Kingdom and some universities in the Commonwealth nations like Australia and New Zealand denotes an appointment for a senior academic with a distinguished international reputation in research or scholarship...
in Pharmacology
Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the branch of medicine and biology concerned with the study of drug action. More specifically, it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function...
and medical scholarships which are awarded to the present day. In 1946 Cambridge University honoured Sheild by naming its newly established chair in pharmacology
Sheild Professor of Pharmacology
The Sheild Professorship of Pharmacology was originally established by grace of 7 June 1946 as a personal chair for the tenure of Ernest Basil Verney...
in his name.
Publications
- Surgical Anatomy for Students, 1891
- Diseases of the Ear, 1895
- Transactions of the Dermatological Society of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume V. 1895, republished 2008 ISBN 0559269412
- A Clinical Treatise on Diseases of the Breast, 1898
- Lectures on Nasal Obstruction, 1900
- Surgical Lectures and Essays, 1903
- List of articles by Marmaduke Sheild