Markku Alén
Encyclopedia
Markku Allan Alén is a Finnish
former rally
and race car driver. He drove for Fiat
, Lancia
, Subaru
and Toyota in the World Rally Championship
, and held the record for most stage wins in the series until 2011. Alén's phrase "now maximum attack" became well-known.
Alén never won the world championship itself, despite being for a long time the driver with the most wins to his credit. However, he did win the FIA
Cup for Drivers in 1978, the precursor to the World Championship for Drivers established in 1979. In 1986
, he was the world champion for eleven days, until Peugeot
's appeal went through and the results of Rallye Sanremo
, which Alén had won, were annulled.
. Alén started his rallying career in 1969 driving a Renault 8
Gordini
, and finished ninth at the 1000 Lakes Rally at his first attempt. After getting a contract with the Finnish Volvo importer to drive the Volvo 142, he finished third at the 1000 Lakes in 1971 and 1972. At his World Rally Championship
debut at the 1973 1000 Lakes Rally
, he took second place behind Timo Mäkinen
.
Alén's performances at his home event caught the attention of both Fiat
and Ford. With Ford's Escort RS 1600, he established his reputation as a hard-charger on the 1973 RAC Rally by finishing third, despite rolling his car on the first day and dropping to 178th place. This resulted in a "dream contract" with Fiat, with a very large salary. Alén also became the first rally driver to be assigned a personal fitness program.
In 1974 and 1975, Alén drove the Fiat 124 Abarth Rallye
, achieving several podiums and then his debut WRC win at the 1975 Rally Portugal. During the 1976 season, Fiat debuted the new Fiat 131 Abarth, which would prove to be a big improvement over its predecessor. Alén won the 1976 1000 Lakes and the 1977 Rally Portugal, and helped Fiat to their first manufacturers' title in 1977.
Then in 1978, Alén took the car to two wins and five consecutive podiums. In the Rallye Sanremo
, he debuted in Alitalia Fiat's Lancia Stratos HF
and won his third world rally of the season. These performances brought him the FIA Cup for Drivers title, well ahead of main rivals Jean-Pierre Nicolas
and Hannu Mikkola
, and Fiat their second manufacturers' title. Alén continued with Fiat for the next three years, taking a win each season.
he debuted the marque's first of two Group B
category homologated
models, the Lancia 037
, a rear-wheel drive car which was, in consequence, a particular performer on the championship's asphalt rounds. Alén's several wins with it in 1983 helped Lancia narrowly pip Audi
and their four-wheel drive long wheelbase Quattro
to that year's constructors' championship. Indeed it was Alén who was responsible for the car's final victory, on the 1984
Tour de Corse
, in a year in which Audi retook both of the title honours, before it was replaced by the four-wheel drive Lancia Delta S4
from the final round, in Great Britain
, of the 1985 season
.
Having become unequivocal team leader in the aftermath of team-mate Henri Toivonen
's death in Corsica
the following year, Alén narrowly lost the 1986
World Rally Championship
to rival driver, Peugeot 205 Turbo 16 pilot Juha Kankkunen
. Late in the season, Alén had been victorious on the San Remo rally only after Kankkunen's Peugeot
team was excluded by the organizers on a controversial technicality. Peugeot subsequently appealed the exclusion to the FISA
, which eventually annulled the results of the rally, stripping Alén of the World Championship title which he had held for just eleven days, which lead to Alen famously boycotting the 1987 Monte Carlo Rally.
Alén remained at Lancia after the abolition of Group B at the end of 1986, and adapted successfully to the replacement Group A
formula. He won three events in the Lancia Delta HF 4WD in 1987
, but lost his chance to take second place in the world driver's championship after rolling his car in front of the TV cameras on the 1987 RAC Rally. He won another three events the following year
, culminating in an emotional first victory on the RAC, an event he had been trying to win for fifteen years. It was to be his last world championship victory.
, Alén moved to the burgeoning Prodrive
-run Subaru
World Rally Team
, and was responsible for many of the Subaru Legacy
's early successes, including 4th on the 1990 1000 Lakes Rally, and a 3rd and two 4th places the following season
. For 1992 he moved to the Toyota team, but found himself playing very much a supporting role to Carlos Sainz
. The 1993 season found Alén without a full-time position, and he drove for Toyota and Subaru early in the season, taking 2nd place for Toyota on the Safari Rally
and 4th for Subaru in Portugal
. Along with fellow veteran and 1981
World Champion Ari Vatanen
, he drove the Subaru Impreza
on its debut event, the 1000 Lakes Rally. Unfortunately for Alén, he crashed on the first stage of the event. This effectively marked the end of his career as a top-line rally driver.
He drove two races of the International Touring Car Championship of 1995 for Alfa Romeo
, driving the same number of races in DTM
earlier that year. He also drove in Trophy Andros in 1996 and 1997.
To celebrate his 50th birthday in 2001, he entered that year's Neste Rally Finland, finishing in a respectable 16th place overall with a Ford Focus WRC
. He has also participated in the Paris-Dakar rally twice in the truck class. Anton Alén, son of Markku, is driving a Super 2000
class Fiat Punto
in the Intercontinental Rally Challenge
series.
In March 2010, Luca di Montezemolo
hired Alén as a Ferrari test driver. He started with snow tests on the Ferrari 458 Italia.
Finland
Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
former rally
Rallying
Rallying, also known as rally racing, is a form of auto racing that takes place on public or private roads with modified production or specially built road-legal cars...
and race car driver. He drove for Fiat
Fiat
FIAT, an acronym for Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino , is an Italian automobile manufacturer, engine manufacturer, financial, and industrial group based in Turin in the Italian region of Piedmont. Fiat was founded in 1899 by a group of investors including Giovanni Agnelli...
, Lancia
Lancia
Lancia Automobiles S.p.A. is an Italian automobile manufacturer founded in 1906 by Vincenzo Lancia and which became part of the Fiat Group in 1969. The company has a long history of producing distinctive cars and also has a strong rally heritage. Some modern Lancias are seen as presenting a more...
, Subaru
Subaru World Rally Team
The Subaru World Rally Team was Subaru's World Rally Championship team. It used a distinctive blue with yellow color scheme that is a throwback to the sponsorship deal with State Express 555, a BAT cigarette brand popular in Asia. 555 logos were found on Subaru cars from 1993 to 2003...
and Toyota in the World Rally Championship
World Rally Championship
The World Rally Championship is a rallying series organised by the FIA, culminating with a champion driver and manufacturer. The driver's world championship and manufacturer's world championship are separate championships, but based on the same point system. The series currently consists of 13...
, and held the record for most stage wins in the series until 2011. Alén's phrase "now maximum attack" became well-known.
Alén never won the world championship itself, despite being for a long time the driver with the most wins to his credit. However, he did win the FIA
Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile
The Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile is a non-profit association established as the Association Internationale des Automobile Clubs Reconnus on 20 June 1904 to represent the interests of motoring organisations and motor car users...
Cup for Drivers in 1978, the precursor to the World Championship for Drivers established in 1979. In 1986
1986 World Rally Championship season
The 1986 World Rally Championship season was the 14th season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The season consisted of 13 rallies, including all twelve venues of the previous season as well as the addition of the Olympus Rally...
, he was the world champion for eleven days, until Peugeot
Peugeot Sport
Peugeot Sport is the department of French carmaker Peugeot responsible for motorsport activities.-Beginnings in rallying:Peugeot Sport was formed in 1981 under the name of Peugeot Talbot Sport, after Jean Todt, a World Rally Championship co-driver for Talbot driver Guy Fréquelin, was asked by...
's appeal went through and the results of Rallye Sanremo
Rallye Sanremo
Rallye Sanremo is a rally competition held in Sanremo, Italy. Except for the 1995 event, the event was part of the FIA World Rally Championship schedule from the 1973 season to the 2003 season. Currently, it is a round of the Intercontinental Rally Challenge and the Italian national rally...
, which Alén had won, were annulled.
Early
Alén's interest in motorsport came from his father, who was the 1963 Finnish champion in ice racingIce racing
Ice racing is a form of racing that uses cars, motorcycles, snowmobiles, All-terrain vehicles, or other motorized vehicles. Ice racing takes place on frozen lakes or rivers, or on carefully groomed frozen lots...
. Alén started his rallying career in 1969 driving a Renault 8
Renault 8
The Renault 8 and Renault 10 are two small family cars produced by the French manufacturer Renault in the 1960s and early 1970s....
Gordini
Gordini
Gordini is a French sports car manufacturer. The firm was founded by Amédée Gordini nicknamed "Le Sorcier" .Gordini competed in Formula One from 1950 to 1956....
, and finished ninth at the 1000 Lakes Rally at his first attempt. After getting a contract with the Finnish Volvo importer to drive the Volvo 142, he finished third at the 1000 Lakes in 1971 and 1972. At his World Rally Championship
World Rally Championship
The World Rally Championship is a rallying series organised by the FIA, culminating with a champion driver and manufacturer. The driver's world championship and manufacturer's world championship are separate championships, but based on the same point system. The series currently consists of 13...
debut at the 1973 1000 Lakes Rally
1973 1000 Lakes Rally
The 1973 1000 Lakes Rally was the 23rd running of the 1000 Lakes Rally , and the eighth round of the inaugural World Rally Championship season. Run in early August in central Finland, this rally marked a distinct change from the previous event in the series, the 33 Rajd Polski...
, he took second place behind Timo Mäkinen
Timo Mäkinen
Timo Mäkinen was one of the original "Flying Finns" of motor rallying. He is most famous for his hat-tricks of wins in the RAC Rally and the 1000 Lakes Rally-Career:...
.
Fiat (1974–81)
Fiat
FIAT, an acronym for Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino , is an Italian automobile manufacturer, engine manufacturer, financial, and industrial group based in Turin in the Italian region of Piedmont. Fiat was founded in 1899 by a group of investors including Giovanni Agnelli...
and Ford. With Ford's Escort RS 1600, he established his reputation as a hard-charger on the 1973 RAC Rally by finishing third, despite rolling his car on the first day and dropping to 178th place. This resulted in a "dream contract" with Fiat, with a very large salary. Alén also became the first rally driver to be assigned a personal fitness program.
In 1974 and 1975, Alén drove the Fiat 124 Abarth Rallye
Fiat 124
The Fiat 124 is a mid-sized family car produced by the Italian manufacturer Fiat between 1966 and 1974. It was the replacement of the Fiat 1300 and Fiat 1500...
, achieving several podiums and then his debut WRC win at the 1975 Rally Portugal. During the 1976 season, Fiat debuted the new Fiat 131 Abarth, which would prove to be a big improvement over its predecessor. Alén won the 1976 1000 Lakes and the 1977 Rally Portugal, and helped Fiat to their first manufacturers' title in 1977.
Rallye Sanremo
Rallye Sanremo is a rally competition held in Sanremo, Italy. Except for the 1995 event, the event was part of the FIA World Rally Championship schedule from the 1973 season to the 2003 season. Currently, it is a round of the Intercontinental Rally Challenge and the Italian national rally...
, he debuted in Alitalia Fiat's Lancia Stratos HF
Lancia Stratos HF
The Lancia Stratos HF, widely and more simply known as Lancia Stratos, is a car made by Italian car manufacturer Lancia. The HF stands for High Fidelity...
and won his third world rally of the season. These performances brought him the FIA Cup for Drivers title, well ahead of main rivals Jean-Pierre Nicolas
Jean-Pierre Nicolas
Jean-Pierre Nicolas is a retired French professional rally driver who competed mainly in the 1970s.Nicolas took five WRC event wins in the World Rally Championship...
and Hannu Mikkola
Hannu Mikkola
Hannu Olavi Mikkola is a retired world champion rally driver. He was a seven time winner of the 1000 Lakes Rally in Finland and won the RAC Rally in Great Britain four times.- Career :...
, and Fiat their second manufacturers' title. Alén continued with Fiat for the next three years, taking a win each season.
Lancia (1982–89)
After Fiat wound up their works rally team, Alén moved to the related Lancia team. In 19821982 World Rally Championship season
The 1982 World Rally Championship season was the tenth season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The season consisted of 12 rallies. By this time, the schedule format had become generally stable, with only one or two changes to venues year to year...
he debuted the marque's first of two Group B
Group B
Group B was a set of regulations introduced in 1982 for competition vehicles in sportscar racing and rallying regulated by the FIA. The Group B regulations fostered some of the quickest, most powerful and sophisticated rally cars ever built. However, a series of major accidents, some fatal, were...
category homologated
Homologation
Homologation is a technical term, derived from the Greek homologeo for "to agree", which is generally used in English to signify the granting of approval by an official authority...
models, the Lancia 037
Lancia 037
The Lancia Rally 037 was a mid-engine rally car built by Lancia in the early 1980s purely for the FIA Group B World Rally Championship. Driven by Markku Alén, Attilio Bettega, and Walter Röhrl, the car won Lancia the manufacturers' world championship in the 1983 season...
, a rear-wheel drive car which was, in consequence, a particular performer on the championship's asphalt rounds. Alén's several wins with it in 1983 helped Lancia narrowly pip Audi
Audi
Audi AG is a German automobile manufacturer, from supermini to crossover SUVs in various body styles and price ranges that are marketed under the Audi brand , positioned as the premium brand within the Volkswagen Group....
and their four-wheel drive long wheelbase Quattro
Audi Quattro
The Audi Quattro is a road and rally car, produced by the German automobile manufacturer Audi, now part of the Volkswagen Group. It was first shown at the 1980 Geneva Motor Show on 3 March.The word quattro is derived from the Italian word for "four"...
to that year's constructors' championship. Indeed it was Alén who was responsible for the car's final victory, on the 1984
1984 World Rally Championship season
The 1984 World Rally Championship season was the 12th season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The season consisted of 12 rallies following the same schedule as the previous season. Stig Blomqvist beat the defending world champion and Audi teammate Hannu...
Tour de Corse
Tour de Corse
The Tour de Corse - Rallye de France is a rally first held in 1956 on the island of Corsica. It was part of the World Rally Championship from the inaugural 1973 season to 2008. The name "Tour de Corse" refers to the fact that in the early days it was run around the island; nowadays it only features...
, in a year in which Audi retook both of the title honours, before it was replaced by the four-wheel drive Lancia Delta S4
Lancia Delta S4
The Lancia Delta S4 is a Group B rally car that competed in the World Rally Championship in 1985 and 1986, until Group B cars were banned from competition by the FIA. The car replaced and was an evolution of the Lancia 037 Monte Carlo. The S4 took full advantage of the Group B regulations, and...
from the final round, in Great Britain
Great Britain
Great Britain or Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island, as well as the largest of the British Isles...
, of the 1985 season
1985 World Rally Championship season
The 1985 World Rally Championship season was the 13th season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The season consisted of 12 rallies following the same schedule as the previous season. Peugeot Sport's Timo Salonen beat Audi Sport's Stig Blomqvist and Walter...
.
Henri Toivonen
Henri Pauli Toivonen was a Finnish rally driver born in Jyväskylä, the home of Rally Finland. His father, Pauli Toivonen, was the 1968 European Rally Champion for Porsche and his brother, Harri Toivonen, became a professional circuit racer.Toivonen's first World Rally Championship victory came...
's death in Corsica
Corsica
Corsica is an island in the Mediterranean Sea. It is located west of Italy, southeast of the French mainland, and north of the island of Sardinia....
the following year, Alén narrowly lost the 1986
1986 World Rally Championship season
The 1986 World Rally Championship season was the 14th season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The season consisted of 13 rallies, including all twelve venues of the previous season as well as the addition of the Olympus Rally...
World Rally Championship
World Rally Championship
The World Rally Championship is a rallying series organised by the FIA, culminating with a champion driver and manufacturer. The driver's world championship and manufacturer's world championship are separate championships, but based on the same point system. The series currently consists of 13...
to rival driver, Peugeot 205 Turbo 16 pilot Juha Kankkunen
Juha Kankkunen
Juha Matti Pellervo Kankkunen is a Finnish former rally driver. His factory team career in the World Rally Championship lasted from 1983 to 2002. He won 23 world rallies and four drivers' world championship titles, which were both once records in the series...
. Late in the season, Alén had been victorious on the San Remo rally only after Kankkunen's Peugeot
Peugeot
Peugeot is a major French car brand, part of PSA Peugeot Citroën, the second largest carmaker based in Europe.The family business that precedes the current Peugeot company was founded in 1810, and manufactured coffee mills and bicycles. On 20 November 1858, Emile Peugeot applied for the lion...
team was excluded by the organizers on a controversial technicality. Peugeot subsequently appealed the exclusion to the FISA
Fédération Internationale du Sport Automobile
The Fédération Internationale du Sport Automobile was the governing body for motor racing events. The organisation's origins date from 1922, when the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile delegated the organisation of automobile racing to the CSI , an autonomous committee that would later...
, which eventually annulled the results of the rally, stripping Alén of the World Championship title which he had held for just eleven days, which lead to Alen famously boycotting the 1987 Monte Carlo Rally.
Alén remained at Lancia after the abolition of Group B at the end of 1986, and adapted successfully to the replacement Group A
Group A
In relation to motorsport governed by the FIA, Group A referred to a set of regulations providing production-derived vehicles for outright competition. In contrast to the short-lived Group B and Group C, the Group A referred to production-derived vehicles limited in terms of power, weight, allowed...
formula. He won three events in the Lancia Delta HF 4WD in 1987
1987 World Rally Championship season
The 1987 World Rally Championship season was the 15th season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The season consisted of 13 rallies in the same venues of the previous season...
, but lost his chance to take second place in the world driver's championship after rolling his car in front of the TV cameras on the 1987 RAC Rally. He won another three events the following year
1988 World Rally Championship season
The 1988 World Rally Championship season was the 16th season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship...
, culminating in an emotional first victory on the RAC, an event he had been trying to win for fifteen years. It was to be his last world championship victory.
Later career
In 19901990 World Rally Championship season
The 1990 World Rally Championship season was the 18th season of the FIA World Rally Championship. The season consisted of 12 rallies. The drivers' world championship was won by Carlos Sainz in a Toyota Celica GT-Four, ahead of Didier Auriol and Juha Kankkunen...
, Alén moved to the burgeoning Prodrive
Prodrive
Prodrive is a British motorsport and automotive engineering group based in Banbury, Oxfordshire, England. It designs, constructs and races cars for companies and teams such as Subaru, Aston Martin and Ford...
-run Subaru
Subaru
; is the automobile manufacturing division of Japanese transportation conglomerate Fuji Heavy Industries .Subaru is internationally known for their use of the boxer engine layout popularized in cars by the Volkswagen Beetle and Porsche 911, in most of their vehicles above 1500 cc as well as...
World Rally Team
Subaru World Rally Team
The Subaru World Rally Team was Subaru's World Rally Championship team. It used a distinctive blue with yellow color scheme that is a throwback to the sponsorship deal with State Express 555, a BAT cigarette brand popular in Asia. 555 logos were found on Subaru cars from 1993 to 2003...
, and was responsible for many of the Subaru Legacy
Subaru Legacy
The Subaru Legacy is a mid-size car built by the Japanese company Fuji Heavy Industries, and manufactured by its division Subaru since 1989, and is available as a sedan or wagon. Part of the original design goals for the Legacy model was to provide Subaru a vehicle in which they could compete in...
's early successes, including 4th on the 1990 1000 Lakes Rally, and a 3rd and two 4th places the following season
1991 World Rally Championship season
The 1991 World Rally Championship season was the 19th season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The season consisted of 14 rallies. The drivers' world championship was won by Juha Kankkunen in a Lancia Delta Integrale 16V, ahead of Carlos Sainz and Didier...
. For 1992 he moved to the Toyota team, but found himself playing very much a supporting role to Carlos Sainz
Carlos Sainz
Carlos Sainz Cenamor is a Spanish rally driver. He won the World Rally Championship drivers' title with Toyota in 1990 and 1992, and finished runner-up four times...
. The 1993 season found Alén without a full-time position, and he drove for Toyota and Subaru early in the season, taking 2nd place for Toyota on the Safari Rally
Safari Rally
The Safari Rally is considered by many to be the world's toughest rally. It was first held from 27 May to 1 June 1953 as the East African Coronation Safari in Kenya, Uganda and Tanganyika, as a celebration of the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II...
and 4th for Subaru in Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
. Along with fellow veteran and 1981
1981 World Rally Championship season
The 1981 World Rally Championship season was the ninth season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The season consisted of 12 rallies...
World Champion Ari Vatanen
Ari Vatanen
Ari Pieti Uolevi Vatanen is a Finnish rally driver turned politician and Member of the European Parliament 1999–2009. Vatanen won the World Rally Championship drivers' title in 1981 and the Paris Dakar Rally four times....
, he drove the Subaru Impreza
Subaru Impreza
Introduced in November 1993, the Impreza was offered in either front-wheel drive or all-wheel drive versions and as a four-door sedan/saloon or five-door station wagon/estate. According to a Motor Trend article written March 1992 on page 26, the name of Subaru's new compact was, initially, to be...
on its debut event, the 1000 Lakes Rally. Unfortunately for Alén, he crashed on the first stage of the event. This effectively marked the end of his career as a top-line rally driver.
Alfa Romeo
Alfa Romeo Automobiles S.p.A. is an Italian manufacturer of cars. Founded as A.L.F.A. on June 24, 1910, in Milan, the company has been involved in car racing since 1911, and has a reputation for building expensive sports cars...
, driving the same number of races in DTM
Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft
The Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft was a touring car racing series held from 1984 to 1996. Originally based in Germany, it held additional rounds elsewhere in Europe and later worldwide....
earlier that year. He also drove in Trophy Andros in 1996 and 1997.
To celebrate his 50th birthday in 2001, he entered that year's Neste Rally Finland, finishing in a respectable 16th place overall with a Ford Focus WRC
Ford Focus WRC
The Ford Focus RS WRC is a car built for the Ford World Rally Team by Ford and M-Sport and based on the Ford Focus Climate 2-litre production hatchback, developed to compete in the World Rally Championship. The RS stands for Rallye Sport and the WRC for World Rally Car, the car's FIA specification...
. He has also participated in the Paris-Dakar rally twice in the truck class. Anton Alén, son of Markku, is driving a Super 2000
Super 2000
Super 2000, also known as S2000, is an FIA specification and classification for production based race cars. The specification is split to cover both rally and touring car racing. Super 2000 rally cars are also permitted to compete in Super 2000 World Rally Championship events...
class Fiat Punto
Fiat Punto
The Fiat Punto is a supermini produced by the Italian manufacturer, Fiat, since 1993.-1st generation :Internally codenamed Project 176, the Punto was announced in September 1993 and launched in late 1993 as a replacement for the ageing Fiat Uno. The Fiat Punto was voted European Car of the Year...
in the Intercontinental Rally Challenge
Intercontinental Rally Challenge
The Intercontinental Rally Challenge is a rallying series organised by SRW Ltd and sanctioned by the FIA, aiming to "give new opportunities to young or amateur rally drivers competing in recognised regional and international rallies, while offering organisers an innovative TV format concept,...
series.
In March 2010, Luca di Montezemolo
Luca di Montezemolo
Luca Cordero di Montezemolo is an Italian businessman and Chairman of Ferrari. He was also Chairman of Fiat S.p.A from 2004 to 2010 and President of Confindustria from 2004 to 2008 and FIEG. He comes from an aristocratic family from the region of Piedmont in Italy...
hired Alén as a Ferrari test driver. He started with snow tests on the Ferrari 458 Italia.
Complete WRC results
| Season | Team | Car | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | WDC | Points |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Volvo Volvo AB Volvo is a Swedish builder of commercial vehicles, including trucks, buses and construction equipment. Volvo also supplies marine and industrial drive systems, aerospace components and financial services... |
Volvo 142 | MON | SWE | POR | KEN | MOR | GRE | POL | FIN 2 |
AUT | ITA | USA | FRA | – | – | |||||
| Motorcraft | Ford Escort RS1600 | GBR 3 |
||||||||||||||||||
| Fiat Fiat FIAT, an acronym for Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino , is an Italian automobile manufacturer, engine manufacturer, financial, and industrial group based in Turin in the Italian region of Piedmont. Fiat was founded in 1899 by a group of investors including Giovanni Agnelli... |
Fiat Abarth 124 Rallye | POR 3 |
KEN | FIN 3 |
ITA Ret |
CAN Ret |
USA 2 |
GBR Ret |
FRA Ret |
– | – | |||||||||
| Fiat | Fiat Abarth 124 Rallye | MON 3 |
SWE 6 |
KEN | GRE | MOR | POR 1 |
ITA Ret |
FRA | GBR Ret |
– | – | ||||||||
| Datsun | Datsun 160J | FIN Ret |
||||||||||||||||||
| Fiat | Fiat Abarth 124 Rallye | MON 6 |
SWE | POR | KEN | GRE | – | – | ||||||||||||
| Fiat | Fiat 131 Abarth | MOR 12 |
FIN 1 |
ITA Ret |
FRA | GBR Ret |
||||||||||||||
| Fiat | Fiat 131 Abarth | MON 54 |
SWE Ret |
POR 1 |
KEN | NZL 3 |
GRE Ret |
FIN Ret |
CAN Ret |
ITA | FRA | GBR Ret |
– | – | ||||||
| Fiat | Fiat 131 Abarth | MON | SWE 3 |
Safari | POR 1 |
GRE 2 |
FIN 1 |
CAN 2 |
CIV | FRA | GBR Ret |
1 | 52 | |||||||
| Fiat | Lancia Stratos HF Lancia Stratos HF The Lancia Stratos HF, widely and more simply known as Lancia Stratos, is a car made by Italian car manufacturer Lancia. The HF stands for High Fidelity... |
ITA 1 |
||||||||||||||||||
| Alitalia Alitalia Alitalia - Linee Aeree Italiane S.p.A. , in its later stages known as Alitalia - Linee Aeree Italiane S.p.A. in Extraordinary Administration, was the former Italian flag carrier... Fiat |
Fiat 131 Abarth | MON 3 |
SWE 4 |
POR | KEN 3 |
GRE | NZL | FIN 1 |
CAN | ITA 6 |
FRA | GBR 5 |
CIV | 3 | 68 | |||||
| Fiat Italia | Fiat 131 Abarth | MON Ret |
SWE | POR 2 |
KEN | GRE 3 |
ARG Ret |
FIN 1 |
NZL | ITA Ret |
FRA | GBR | CIV | 6 | 47 | |||||
| Fiat Auto Torino | Fiat 131 Abarth | MON 7 |
SWE | POR 1 |
KEN | FRA | GRE 2 |
ARG | BRA | FIN 2 |
ITA 9 |
CIV | GBR Ret |
4 | 56 | |||||
| Martini Racing Martini Racing Martini Racing is the name under which various motor racing teams raced when sponsored by the Martini & Rossi distillery that produces Martini vermouth. Martini's sponsorship program began in 1968... |
Lancia Rally 037 | MON | SWE | POR | KEN | FRA 9 |
GRE Ret |
NZL | BRA | FIN Ret |
ITA Ret |
CIV | GBR 4 |
21 | 12 | |||||
| Martini Racing | Lancia Rally 037 | MON 2 |
SWE | POR 4 |
KEN | FRA 1 |
GRE 2 |
NZL | ARG 5 |
FIN 3 |
ITA 1 |
CIV | GBR | 3 | 100 | |||||
| Martini Racing | Lancia Rally 037 | MON 8 |
SWE | POR 2 |
KEN 4 |
FRA 1 |
GRE 3 |
NZL 2 |
ARG | FIN 2 |
ITA Ret |
CIV | GBR | 3 | 90 | |||||
| Lancia Lancia Lancia Automobiles S.p.A. is an Italian automobile manufacturer founded in 1906 by Vincenzo Lancia and which became part of the Fiat Group in 1969. The company has a long history of producing distinctive cars and also has a strong rally heritage. Some modern Lancias are seen as presenting a more... Martini Martini Racing Martini Racing is the name under which various motor racing teams raced when sponsored by the Martini & Rossi distillery that produces Martini vermouth. Martini's sponsorship program began in 1968... |
Lancia Rally 037 | MON | SWE | POR | KEN Ret |
FRA Ret |
GRE | NZL | ARG | FIN 3 |
ITA 4 |
CIV | 5 | 37 | ||||||
| Lancia Martini | Lancia Delta S4 Lancia Delta S4 The Lancia Delta S4 is a Group B rally car that competed in the World Rally Championship in 1985 and 1986, until Group B cars were banned from competition by the FIA. The car replaced and was an evolution of the Lancia 037 Monte Carlo. The S4 took full advantage of the Group B regulations, and... |
GBR 2 |
||||||||||||||||||
| Martini Lancia | Lancia Delta S4 | MON Ret |
SWE 2 |
POR Ret |
FRA Ret |
GRE Ret |
NZL 2 |
ARG 2 |
FIN 3 |
CIV | ITA 1 |
GBR 2 |
USA 1 |
2 | 104 | |||||
| Martini Lancia | Lancia Rally 037 | KEN 3 |
||||||||||||||||||
| Martini Lancia | Lancia Delta HF 4WD | MON | SWE 5 |
POR 1 |
KEN | FRA | GRE 1 |
USA 3 |
NZL | ARG | FIN 1 |
CIV | ITA Ret |
GBR 5 |
3 | 88 | ||||
| Martini Lancia | Lancia Delta HF 4WD | MON | SWE 1 |
2 | 86 | |||||||||||||||
| Martini Lancia | Lancia Delta Integrale | POR 6 |
KEN | FRA | GRE 4 |
USA | NZL | ARG | FIN 1 |
CIV | ITA 4 |
GBR 1 |
||||||||
| Martini Lancia | Lancia Delta Integrale | SWE | MON | POR 2 |
KEN | FRA | GRE | NZL | ARG | FIN Ret |
AUS 3 |
ITA | CIV | GBR | 9 | 27 | ||||
| Subaru Technica International | Subaru Legacy RS | MON | POR | KEN Ret |
FRA | GRE Ret |
NZL | ARG | FIN 4 |
AUS | ITA Ret |
CIV | GBR Ret |
20 | 10 | |||||
| Subaru Rally Team Europe Subaru World Rally Team The Subaru World Rally Team was Subaru's World Rally Championship team. It used a distinctive blue with yellow color scheme that is a throwback to the sponsorship deal with State Express 555, a BAT cigarette brand popular in Asia. 555 logos were found on Subaru cars from 1993 to 2003... |
Subaru Legacy RS | MON | SWE 3 |
POR 5 |
KEN | FRA | GRE Ret |
NZL 4 |
ARG | FIN Ret |
AUS 4 |
ITA | CIV | ESP | GBR Ret |
8 | 40 | |||
| Toyota Team Europe | Toyota Celica Turbo 4WD | MON Ret |
POR 4 |
FRA | GRE Ret |
NZL | ARG | FIN 3 |
AUS | ITA | CIV | ESP | GBR 4 |
5 | 50 | |||||
| Toyota Team Sweden | Toyota Celica GT-Four Toyota Celica GT-Four The Toyota Celica GT-Four is a high performance model of the Celica liftback, with a turbocharged 3S-GTE engine, and full-time AWD. It was created to compete in the World Rally Championship, whose regulations dictate that a manufacturer must build road-going versions of the vehicle in sufficient... |
SWE 4 |
||||||||||||||||||
| Toyota Team Kenya | Toyota Celica Turbo 4WD | KEN 5 |
||||||||||||||||||
| 555 State Express 555 State Express 555 is a brand of cigarette manufactured by British American Tobacco. It was first launched in 1895 and is a very popular brand in Asia, especially China where it is BAT's most popular brand.-Sponsorship:... Subaru World Rally Team Subaru World Rally Team The Subaru World Rally Team was Subaru's World Rally Championship team. It used a distinctive blue with yellow color scheme that is a throwback to the sponsorship deal with State Express 555, a BAT cigarette brand popular in Asia. 555 logos were found on Subaru cars from 1993 to 2003... |
Subaru Legacy RS | MON | SWE | POR 4 |
FRA | GRE | ARG | NZL | 11 | 25 | ||||||||||
| Toyota Castrol Team | Toyota Celica Turbo 4WD | KEN 2 |
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| 555 Subaru World Rally Team | Subaru Impreza Subaru Impreza Introduced in November 1993, the Impreza was offered in either front-wheel drive or all-wheel drive versions and as a four-door sedan/saloon or five-door station wagon/estate. According to a Motor Trend article written March 1992 on page 26, the name of Subaru's new compact was, initially, to be... 555 |
FIN Ret |
AUS | ITA | ESP | GBR | ||||||||||||||
| Blue Rose Team | Ford Focus WRC Ford Focus WRC The Ford Focus RS WRC is a car built for the Ford World Rally Team by Ford and M-Sport and based on the Ford Focus Climate 2-litre production hatchback, developed to compete in the World Rally Championship. The RS stands for Rallye Sport and the WRC for World Rally Car, the car's FIA specification... |
MON | SWE | POR | ESP | ARG | CYP | GRE | KEN | FIN 16 |
NZL | ITA | FRA | AUS | GBR | – | – |
WRC wins
| # | Event | Season | Co-driver | Car |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  9º Rallye de Portugal Vinho do PortoRally de Portugal The Rally de Portugal is a rally competition held in Portugal. First held in 1967, the seventh running of the race, the 7º TAP Rallye de Portugal was the third event in the inaugural FIA World Rally Championship in 1973... |
1975 World Rally Championship 1975 results The 1975 World Rally Championship season was the third season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . 10 events were included on the schedule, including the return to the series of the famous Monte Carlo and Swedish rallies after a one season absence of those... |
Ilkka Kivimäki | Fiat Abarth 124 Rallye Fiat 124 The Fiat 124 is a mid-sized family car produced by the Italian manufacturer Fiat between 1966 and 1974. It was the replacement of the Fiat 1300 and Fiat 1500... |
| 2 |  26th 1000 Lakes Rally |
1976 World Rally Championship 1976 results The 1976 World Rally Championship season was the fourth season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . 10 events were included on the schedule, as the series revistited the same locations as the previous season... |
Ilkka Kivimäki | Fiat Abarth 131 Rallye |
| 3 | 11º Rallye de Portugal Vinho do Porto Rally de Portugal The Rally de Portugal is a rally competition held in Portugal. First held in 1967, the seventh running of the race, the 7º TAP Rallye de Portugal was the third event in the inaugural FIA World Rally Championship in 1973... |
1977 World Rally Championship 1977 results The 1977 World Rally Championship season was the fifth season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The schedule was expanded by one event to 11, with some changes to the locations visited... |
Ilkka Kivimäki | Fiat Abarth 131 Rallye |
| 4 | 28th 1000 Lakes Rally |
1978 World Rally Championship 1978 results The 1978 World Rally Championship season was the sixth season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The schedule remained largely similar to the previous year, with the exception of the removal of New Zealand from the schedule in favor of theFrom 1973 to... |
Ilkka Kivimäki | Fiat Abarth 131 Rallye |
| 5 | 12º Rallye de Portugal Vinho do Porto Rally de Portugal The Rally de Portugal is a rally competition held in Portugal. First held in 1967, the seventh running of the race, the 7º TAP Rallye de Portugal was the third event in the inaugural FIA World Rally Championship in 1973... |
1978 World Rally Championship 1978 results The 1978 World Rally Championship season was the sixth season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The schedule remained largely similar to the previous year, with the exception of the removal of New Zealand from the schedule in favor of theFrom 1973 to... |
Ilkka Kivimäki | Fiat Abarth 131 Rallye |
| 6 |  20º Rallye Sanremo |
1978 World Rally Championship 1978 results The 1978 World Rally Championship season was the sixth season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The schedule remained largely similar to the previous year, with the exception of the removal of New Zealand from the schedule in favor of theFrom 1973 to... |
Ilkka Kivimäki | Lancia Stratos HF Lancia Stratos HF The Lancia Stratos HF, widely and more simply known as Lancia Stratos, is a car made by Italian car manufacturer Lancia. The HF stands for High Fidelity... |
| 7 | 29th 1000 Lakes Rally |
1979 World Rally Championship 1979 results The 1979 World Rally Championship season was the seventh season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The season consisted of 12 rallies, one more than the previous year... |
Ilkka Kivimäki | Fiat Abarth 131 Rallye |
| 8 | 30th 1000 Lakes Rally |
1980 | Ilkka Kivimäki | Fiat Abarth 131 Rallye |
| 9 | 15º Rallye de Portugal Vinho do Porto Rally de Portugal The Rally de Portugal is a rally competition held in Portugal. First held in 1967, the seventh running of the race, the 7º TAP Rallye de Portugal was the third event in the inaugural FIA World Rally Championship in 1973... |
1981 | Ilkka Kivimäki | Fiat Abarth 131 Rallye |
| 10 |  27éme Tour De Corse – Rallye de FranceTour de Corse The Tour de Corse - Rallye de France is a rally first held in 1956 on the island of Corsica. It was part of the World Rally Championship from the inaugural 1973 season to 2008. The name "Tour de Corse" refers to the fact that in the early days it was run around the island; nowadays it only features... |
1983 World Rally Championship 1983 results The 1983 World Rally Championship season was the 11th season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The season consisted of 12 rallies. By this time, the schedule format had become generally stable, with only one or two changes to venues year to year. 1983... |
Ilkka Kivimäki | Lancia Rally 037 Lancia 037 The Lancia Rally 037 was a mid-engine rally car built by Lancia in the early 1980s purely for the FIA Group B World Rally Championship. Driven by Markku Alén, Attilio Bettega, and Walter Röhrl, the car won Lancia the manufacturers' world championship in the 1983 season... |
| 11 | 25º Rallye Sanremo |
1983 World Rally Championship 1983 results The 1983 World Rally Championship season was the 11th season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship . The season consisted of 12 rallies. By this time, the schedule format had become generally stable, with only one or two changes to venues year to year. 1983... |
Ilkka Kivimäki | Lancia Rally 037 Lancia 037 The Lancia Rally 037 was a mid-engine rally car built by Lancia in the early 1980s purely for the FIA Group B World Rally Championship. Driven by Markku Alén, Attilio Bettega, and Walter Röhrl, the car won Lancia the manufacturers' world championship in the 1983 season... |
| 12 | 28ème Tour de Corse – Rallye de France Tour de Corse The Tour de Corse - Rallye de France is a rally first held in 1956 on the island of Corsica. It was part of the World Rally Championship from the inaugural 1973 season to 2008. The name "Tour de Corse" refers to the fact that in the early days it was run around the island; nowadays it only features... |
1984 | Ilkka Kivimäki | Lancia Rally 037 Lancia 037 The Lancia Rally 037 was a mid-engine rally car built by Lancia in the early 1980s purely for the FIA Group B World Rally Championship. Driven by Markku Alén, Attilio Bettega, and Walter Röhrl, the car won Lancia the manufacturers' world championship in the 1983 season... |
| 13 |  21st Olympus RallyOlympus Rally The Olympus Rally is an event in the motorsport of rallying. While it has usually been run as a national rally, in 1986-1988, it was a round in the FIA World Rally Championship, the most recent time a WRC rally has been run in the United States.... |
1986 | Ilkka Kivimäki | Lancia Delta S4 Lancia Delta S4 The Lancia Delta S4 is a Group B rally car that competed in the World Rally Championship in 1985 and 1986, until Group B cars were banned from competition by the FIA. The car replaced and was an evolution of the Lancia 037 Monte Carlo. The S4 took full advantage of the Group B regulations, and... |
| 14 | 21º Rallye de Portugal Vinho do Porto Rally de Portugal The Rally de Portugal is a rally competition held in Portugal. First held in 1967, the seventh running of the race, the 7º TAP Rallye de Portugal was the third event in the inaugural FIA World Rally Championship in 1973... |
1987 | Ilkka Kivimäki | Lancia Delta HF 4WD |
| 15 |  34rd Acropolis Rally |
1987 | Ilkka Kivimäki | Lancia Delta HF 4WD |
| 16 | 37th 1000 Lakes Rally |
1987 | Ilkka Kivimäki | Lancia Delta HF 4WD |
| 17 |  38th International Swedish RallySwedish Rally The Uddeholm Swedish Rally , formerly the Swedish Rally, is an automobile rally competition held in Värmland, Sweden in early February. First held in 1950, when it was called the Rally to the Midnight Sun with start and finish at separate locations, seventeen years later both start and finish... |
1988 1988 World Rally Championship season The 1988 World Rally Championship season was the 16th season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship... |
Ilkka Kivimäki | Lancia Delta HF 4WD |
| 18 | 38th 1000 Lakes Rally |
1988 1988 World Rally Championship season The 1988 World Rally Championship season was the 16th season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship... |
Ilkka Kivimäki | Lancia Delta Integrale |
| 19 |  37th Lombard RAC Rally |
1988 1988 World Rally Championship season The 1988 World Rally Championship season was the 16th season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile World Rally Championship... |
Ilkka Kivimäki | Lancia Delta Integrale |