Marchak
Encyclopedia
The House of Marchak was founded by Joseph Marchak, a young talented jeweler in 1878, in Kiev
, then Russia
. Considered one of the great competitors of Fabergé
at the beginning of last century and sometimes called “The Cartier of Kiev”, the Marchak company employed 150 workers at the start of the Russian Revolution
(1917).
neighborhood. The hundred rubles he received as a dowry from his young wife not being enough, he pawned his clothing and with the money earned, he handcrafted his first item—a gold chain.
Within a year, he moved out up-town and settled in a five-room flat at 4, Kreschatyk, Kiev's main street. Business was doing well and he gained notoriety. The production got more and more diversified and his young chain-maker days were quickly forgotten. Both in jewelry-making and goldsmithing, Joseph Marchak ceaselessly created and innovated.
would lay the first stone of the most elegant bridge of Paris, the Pont Alexandre III
. Sumptuous parties and intimate gatherings were attended by the celebrities, artists, and intellectuals of Paris.
Joseph traveled a lot, and he took part in many exhibitions in Moscow and St. Petersburg. By 1893, Joseph's reputation had traveled across the Atlantic. He was awarded a medal at the World's Fair in Chicago held in 1893 and in Antwerp in 1894
. Every time he came back from one of his trips, he developed and improved the techniques he had discovered abroad. Courageous and persevering, he rebuilt his workshops, which had been devastated by a fire in 1899. He made the most of this misfortune by enlarging and modernizing the premises, and employing innovating laborers who shared his zeal. Now, 150 people worked in the Kiev workshops. (In 1885, Joseph Marchak had employed only 20 persons in his Kiev workshop.)
Within a little more than twenty years, Joseph Marchak had become the most important jeweler of the Russian Empire, and his brand was a household name. 1913 marked the 300th anniversary of the Romanov
Dynasty. To commemorate the anniversary, Tsar Nicolas II came to Kiev and was presented with official gifts especially made by Marchak. These were the glory days for the House of Marchak. It was not long before Joseph Marchak was called “The Cartier of Kiev”, the outright rival of the famed Fabergé
. Meanwhile, Alexander Marchak, the youngest son of Joseph, born in 1890, was studying law and attending some classes at the Ecole des Beaux Arts and Art Deco
in Paris. He had a passion—photography. However, the outbreak of World War I compelled him to go back to Russia.
, Russian revolution
was troubled and chaotic: it was not a time for beautiful jewelry.
Joseph Marchak died prematurely from cancer at the age of 64. As a great number of Russians were also leaving their country in haste to join Europe, the Marchak family also fled, concealing the last remnants of their jewelry creations under their clothes. Upon their arrival in Paris, they were greeted by Joachim, one of Joseph's five sons, who had already settled as a physician in a Paris hospital.
pictures era. The party was going full swing in Montparnasse
; Dadaist happenings held their own against the “Bal nègre” launched by Robert Desnos
.
As soon as he arrived in Paris, Alexander Marchak joined the "wave" of this incredible era and quickly opened a jewelry shop on the famous Rue de la Paix, at number 4 right next to Place Vendôme
and the Hotel Ritz Paris
, where a large number of wealthy foreigners had flocked, ever since its opening in 1898. Centerpiece of the luxury trade, the Place Vendôme and Rue de la Paix neighborhood already hosted numerous renowned designers, a perfumer, and many jewelers and goldsmiths, glove makers, shirt designers, and hat makers.
True to his family origins, the originality and the quality of Alexander's creations set him apart from other Parisian jewelers. Alas, war broke out again and Europe witnessed the decline of the whole business.
Within a year, Jacques Verger joined the company. Alexander Marchak concentrated on the opening of his store in Paris and the development of the brand in France, whereas Jacques Verger focussed on designs for the American market. The Marchak spirit lived on thanks to the collaboration of Jacques Verger and his various creators. Alexander Marchak retired in 1957.
Clustered, undulating, multi-colored brooches cemented the success of the House of Marchak. The cachet came entirely from the charm of these “object-jewels” that clearly marked a break in the tradition of traditional French jewelry. The price of the stone was of no importance, if need be, the stone would be set upside-down in order to confer it another light, a new sparkle, a modern touch. Aesthetics were more important than the intrinsic value of the stones.
. The King of Morocco was a fervent and enthusiastic admirer of French culture. A subtle, educated and well-read man, he shared with Jacques Verger a taste for beautiful objects, unique and precious sets. As Joseph Marchak had become one of the purveyors of Tsar Nicolas II, Jacques Verger and Marchak become one of the jewelers appointed to His Majesty Hassan II.
of Moscow where everyone can see the unique beauty of Marchak chefs-d'oeuvre.
Source A. Le Tellier, August 2006
Halligan's Illustrated World's Fair, October 1893 issue.
Kiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
, then Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. Considered one of the great competitors of Fabergé
Fabergé
Fabergé may refer to:*House of Fabergé, a Russian jewelry firm founded by Gustav Faberge in 1842*Fabergé workmaster, goldsmiths who produced jewelry for the House of Fabergé*Fabergé eggs, the most famous works of the House of Faberge...
at the beginning of last century and sometimes called “The Cartier of Kiev”, the Marchak company employed 150 workers at the start of the Russian Revolution
Russian Revolution of 1917
The Russian Revolution is the collective term for a series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. The Tsar was deposed and replaced by a provisional government in the first revolution of February 1917...
(1917).
Kiev, 1868
Young Joseph Marchak, then 14 years old, left his hometown and family to start an apprenticeship in a jewelry workshop. Ten years later, he launched his own business, in the Podol, a poor KievKiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
neighborhood. The hundred rubles he received as a dowry from his young wife not being enough, he pawned his clothing and with the money earned, he handcrafted his first item—a gold chain.
Within a year, he moved out up-town and settled in a five-room flat at 4, Kreschatyk, Kiev's main street. Business was doing well and he gained notoriety. The production got more and more diversified and his young chain-maker days were quickly forgotten. Both in jewelry-making and goldsmithing, Joseph Marchak ceaselessly created and innovated.
Turning to the International
At the end of the nineteenth century, Russia was prosperous, and orders for fine jewelry were flowing in apace. In 1890, Joseph Marchak set out on a journey to France; in many ways, Russia had a great influence on France. For example, six years later, in 1896, Tsar Nicolas IINicholas II of Russia
Nicholas II was the last Emperor of Russia, Grand Prince of Finland, and titular King of Poland. His official short title was Nicholas II, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias and he is known as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer by the Russian Orthodox Church.Nicholas II ruled from 1894 until...
would lay the first stone of the most elegant bridge of Paris, the Pont Alexandre III
Pont Alexandre III
The Pont Alexandre III is an arch bridge that spans the Seine, connecting the Champs-Élysées quarter and the Invalides and Eiffel Tower quarter, widely regarded as the most ornate, extravagant bridge in Paris...
. Sumptuous parties and intimate gatherings were attended by the celebrities, artists, and intellectuals of Paris.
Joseph traveled a lot, and he took part in many exhibitions in Moscow and St. Petersburg. By 1893, Joseph's reputation had traveled across the Atlantic. He was awarded a medal at the World's Fair in Chicago held in 1893 and in Antwerp in 1894
Exposition Internationale d'Anvers (1894)
Exposition Internationale d'Anvers was a World's Fair held in Antwerp, Belgium between 5 May and 5 November in 1894.It covered , attracted 3 million visits and made a profit-Participating Nations:There were several participating nations:Germany,Austria,...
. Every time he came back from one of his trips, he developed and improved the techniques he had discovered abroad. Courageous and persevering, he rebuilt his workshops, which had been devastated by a fire in 1899. He made the most of this misfortune by enlarging and modernizing the premises, and employing innovating laborers who shared his zeal. Now, 150 people worked in the Kiev workshops. (In 1885, Joseph Marchak had employed only 20 persons in his Kiev workshop.)
Within a little more than twenty years, Joseph Marchak had become the most important jeweler of the Russian Empire, and his brand was a household name. 1913 marked the 300th anniversary of the Romanov
Romanov
The House of Romanov was the second and last imperial dynasty to rule over Russia, reigning from 1613 until the February Revolution abolished the crown in 1917...
Dynasty. To commemorate the anniversary, Tsar Nicolas II came to Kiev and was presented with official gifts especially made by Marchak. These were the glory days for the House of Marchak. It was not long before Joseph Marchak was called “The Cartier of Kiev”, the outright rival of the famed Fabergé
Fabergé
Fabergé may refer to:*House of Fabergé, a Russian jewelry firm founded by Gustav Faberge in 1842*Fabergé workmaster, goldsmiths who produced jewelry for the House of Fabergé*Fabergé eggs, the most famous works of the House of Faberge...
. Meanwhile, Alexander Marchak, the youngest son of Joseph, born in 1890, was studying law and attending some classes at the Ecole des Beaux Arts and Art Deco
Art Deco
Art deco , or deco, is an eclectic artistic and design style that began in Paris in the 1920s and flourished internationally throughout the 1930s, into the World War II era. The style influenced all areas of design, including architecture and interior design, industrial design, fashion and...
in Paris. He had a passion—photography. However, the outbreak of World War I compelled him to go back to Russia.
Moving to France
When he arrived in Kiev, Alexander was required to fulfill the mandatory service requirement in the Russian Army. He was sent to the Austrian front, where he performed airborne reconnaissance photography which later proved to be of significant importance to war techniques. The period World War IWorld War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, Russian revolution
Russian Revolution of 1917
The Russian Revolution is the collective term for a series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. The Tsar was deposed and replaced by a provisional government in the first revolution of February 1917...
was troubled and chaotic: it was not a time for beautiful jewelry.
Joseph Marchak died prematurely from cancer at the age of 64. As a great number of Russians were also leaving their country in haste to join Europe, the Marchak family also fled, concealing the last remnants of their jewelry creations under their clothes. Upon their arrival in Paris, they were greeted by Joachim, one of Joseph's five sons, who had already settled as a physician in a Paris hospital.
In Paris
The French capital was intensely alive again. Designers, craftsmen, and jewelers came back from the front. However, the postwar economic climate was still very fragile. That meant price increases, shortages of foodstuffs such as milk, sugar, meat, and wine. These were hard times, but nevertheless, austerity was out of the question. The “Roaring Twenties” were beginning; it was the time for exuberance, for experimentation and changes of many kinds. Women adopted short, slim flapper dresses and bobbed their hair. Fanciful and colorful jewelry was in fashion. It was the jazz and Man RayMan Ray
Man Ray , born Emmanuel Radnitzky, was an American artist who spent most of his career in Paris, France. Perhaps best described simply as a modernist, he was a significant contributor to both the Dada and Surrealist movements, although his ties to each were informal...
pictures era. The party was going full swing in Montparnasse
Montparnasse
Montparnasse is an area of Paris, France, on the left bank of the river Seine, centred at the crossroads of the Boulevard du Montparnasse and the Rue de Rennes, between the Rue de Rennes and boulevard Raspail...
; Dadaist happenings held their own against the “Bal nègre” launched by Robert Desnos
Robert Desnos
Robert Desnos , was a French surrealist poet who played a key role in the Surrealist movement of his day.- Biography :...
.
As soon as he arrived in Paris, Alexander Marchak joined the "wave" of this incredible era and quickly opened a jewelry shop on the famous Rue de la Paix, at number 4 right next to Place Vendôme
Place Vendôme
Place Vendôme is a square in the 1st arrondissement of Paris, France, located to the north of the Tuileries Gardens and east of the Église de la Madeleine. It is the starting point of the Rue de la Paix. Its regular architecture by Jules Hardouin-Mansart and pedimented screens canted across the...
and the Hotel Ritz Paris
Hôtel Ritz Paris
The Hôtel Ritz is a grand palatial hotel in the heart of Paris, the 1st arrondissement. It overlooks the octagonal border of the Place Vendôme at number 15...
, where a large number of wealthy foreigners had flocked, ever since its opening in 1898. Centerpiece of the luxury trade, the Place Vendôme and Rue de la Paix neighborhood already hosted numerous renowned designers, a perfumer, and many jewelers and goldsmiths, glove makers, shirt designers, and hat makers.
True to his family origins, the originality and the quality of Alexander's creations set him apart from other Parisian jewelers. Alas, war broke out again and Europe witnessed the decline of the whole business.
The second revival
Right after the war, Alexander Marchak hired Alexander Diringer, renowned designer, long-known by the Rue de la Paix people. He remained designer of the House of Marchak until the end of the 60's.Within a year, Jacques Verger joined the company. Alexander Marchak concentrated on the opening of his store in Paris and the development of the brand in France, whereas Jacques Verger focussed on designs for the American market. The Marchak spirit lived on thanks to the collaboration of Jacques Verger and his various creators. Alexander Marchak retired in 1957.
The American years
In 1961 Breakfast at Tiffany's was on the movie screens. This now very-famous book and movie would epitomize an entire generation. Young upper-class American women of the 1960s loved luxury, beautiful clothes, jewels, colored stones, and imposing sets that they dared wear anytime and anywhere. Euphoria was the key word, and nothing was too beautiful or too outrageous. Jacques Verger noticed these trends quickly, and began to create luxurious, colorful jewelry for his American customers. His rings were worn high-up on the finger, paved with diamonds, emeralds, rubies finely garlanded with stones, emerald foliage, or red-currant rubies supporting a central red, green, or blue stone. Each piece was unique—the New York clients were thrilled, and Parisian women were not long to follow.Clustered, undulating, multi-colored brooches cemented the success of the House of Marchak. The cachet came entirely from the charm of these “object-jewels” that clearly marked a break in the tradition of traditional French jewelry. The price of the stone was of no importance, if need be, the stone would be set upside-down in order to confer it another light, a new sparkle, a modern touch. Aesthetics were more important than the intrinsic value of the stones.
Morocco
In the 1960s, Jacques Verger met and became faithful friends with His Majesty Hassan IIHassan II of Morocco
King Hassan II l-ḥasan aṯ-ṯānī, dial. el-ḥasan ettâni); July 9, 1929 – July 23, 1999) was King of Morocco from 1961 until his death in 1999...
. The King of Morocco was a fervent and enthusiastic admirer of French culture. A subtle, educated and well-read man, he shared with Jacques Verger a taste for beautiful objects, unique and precious sets. As Joseph Marchak had become one of the purveyors of Tsar Nicolas II, Jacques Verger and Marchak become one of the jewelers appointed to His Majesty Hassan II.
Marchak today
In 2000, one of the only heirs of Alexander Marchak to bear the Marchak name decided to revive the name of his great-grandfather by creating a new collection. The collection has traveled around the world, in Saint Petersburg, the United States, Japan and Australia. In 2010 Marchak initiated an inauguration ceremony of their new headquarters office in hotel UkrainaHotel Ukraina
Hotel Ukraina may refer to:* Hotel Ukraina - the tallest hotel in Europe, and of the Seven Sisters in Moscow* Hotel Ukrayina - a hotel in Kiev...
of Moscow where everyone can see the unique beauty of Marchak chefs-d'oeuvre.
Source A. Le Tellier, August 2006
Further reading
Art Deco Jewelry by Sylvie Raulet, publisher Thames & Hudson.Halligan's Illustrated World's Fair, October 1893 issue.