Marcel Cachin
Encyclopedia
Marcel Cachin was a French politician.
In 1891, Cachin joined Jules Guesde
French Workers' Party
(POF). In 1905, he joined the new French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) and won election to the Chamber of Deputies
representing the Seine in 1914
. He rallied the national union during the First World War and was sent to Russia in a mission in 1917.
However, in 1920 at the Tours Congress
, he became one of the founders of the French Communist Party
(SFIC) and joined the Third International. In 1923, he was jailed for denouncing the French occupation of the Ruhr
and Morocco
. As a strong supporter of the Popular Front
, he refused to disavow the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact and was removed from elected office in 1940. After the Liberation of France, he returned to the National Assembly until his death in 1958.
He was the editor of the newspaper L'Humanité
from 1918 to 1958.
At the age of 88, he was the first foreigner to receive the Order of Lenin
.
Third Republic
:
Fourth Republic:
In 1891, Cachin joined Jules Guesde
Jules Guesde
Jules Basile Guesde was a French socialist journalist and politician.Guesde was the inspiration for a famous quotation by Karl Marx. Shortly before Marx died in 1883, he wrote a letter to Guesde and Paul Lafargue, both of whom already claimed to represent "Marxist" principles...
French Workers' Party
French Workers' Party
The Parti Ouvrier Français was the first Marxist party in France, created in 1880 by Jules Guesde and Paul Lafargue, Marx's son-in-law...
(POF). In 1905, he joined the new French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) and won election to the Chamber of Deputies
Chamber of Deputies of France
Chamber of Deputies was the name given to several parliamentary bodies in France in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries:* 1814–1848 during the Bourbon Restoration and the July Monarchy, the Chamber of Deputies was the Lower chamber of the French Parliament, elected by census suffrage.*...
representing the Seine in 1914
French legislative election, 1914
The 1914 general elections were held on 26 April and 10 May 1914, months before the outbreak of the First World War. The left won a landslide victory, though the entirety of the chambers, from Catholics to socialists united during World War I to form the Union sacrée.-Popular Vote:-Parliamentary...
. He rallied the national union during the First World War and was sent to Russia in a mission in 1917.
However, in 1920 at the Tours Congress
Tours Congress
The Tours Congress was the 18th National Congress of the French Section of the Workers' International, or SFIO, which took place in Tours on 25—30 December 1920...
, he became one of the founders of the French Communist Party
French Communist Party
The French Communist Party is a political party in France which advocates the principles of communism.Although its electoral support has declined in recent decades, the PCF retains a large membership, behind only that of the Union for a Popular Movement , and considerable influence in French...
(SFIC) and joined the Third International. In 1923, he was jailed for denouncing the French occupation of the Ruhr
Ruhr
The Ruhr is a medium-size river in western Germany , a right tributary of the Rhine.-Description:The source of the Ruhr is near the town of Winterberg in the mountainous Sauerland region, at an elevation of approximately 2,200 feet...
and Morocco
Morocco
Morocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of more than 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², and also primarily administers the disputed region of the Western Sahara...
. As a strong supporter of the Popular Front
Popular Front (France)
The Popular Front was an alliance of left-wing movements, including the French Communist Party , the French Section of the Workers' International and the Radical and Socialist Party, during the interwar period...
, he refused to disavow the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact and was removed from elected office in 1940. After the Liberation of France, he returned to the National Assembly until his death in 1958.
He was the editor of the newspaper L'Humanité
L'Humanité
L'Humanité , formerly the daily newspaper linked to the French Communist Party , was founded in 1904 by Jean Jaurès, a leader of the French Section of the Workers' International...
from 1918 to 1958.
At the age of 88, he was the first foreigner to receive the Order of Lenin
Order of Lenin
The Order of Lenin , named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was the highest decoration bestowed by the Soviet Union...
.
Electoral results
Cachin was the candidate for President of France of the French Communist Party in four elections:Third Republic
French Presidential elections under the Third Republic
French Presidential elections under the Third Republic involved the election of the President of France by the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate...
:
- 1931: 1.11% in the first round, 1.23% in the second round
- 1932: 0.97% in the first round
- 1939: 8.13% in the first round
Fourth Republic:
- 1953French presidential election, 1953Indirect presidential elections were held in France in December, 1953. All members of the Parliament of France voted to elect the second President of the Fourth Republic.The independent René Coty won after thirteen rounds of voting....
: 12.18% in the first round