Mandarin Promotion Council
Encyclopedia
The National Languages Committee, formerly Mandarin Promotion Council was established by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of China
, commonly known as "Taiwan
", with the purpose of standardizing and popularizing the usage of Mandarin
in the Republic of China
.
It was created as the Preparatory Commission for the Unification of the National Language (國語統一籌備會; Guóyǔ Tǒngyī Chóubèi Huì) by the Republic (then still based in Nanjing
) on April 21, 1919. On December 12, 1928, the Commission was renamed to the Preparatory Committee for the Unification of the National Language (國語統一籌備委員會; Guóyǔ Tǒngyī Chóubèi Wěiyuánhuì), headed by Woo Tsin-hang
and had 31 members. The Committee was revived in 1983 as the Mandarin Promotion Council based on Taiwan
.
The decisions reached by the Council include:
The Committee for National Language Romanization (羅馬字母拼音研究委員會) under the Council selects and modifies Romanization
Systems. The official romanization systems in the Republic of China
have been:
Other projects include:
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
, commonly known as "Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
", with the purpose of standardizing and popularizing the usage of Mandarin
Standard Chinese
Standard Chinese, or Modern Standard Chinese, also known as Mandarin or Putonghua, is the official language of the People's Republic of China and Republic of China , and is one of the four official languages of Singapore....
in the Republic of China
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
.
It was created as the Preparatory Commission for the Unification of the National Language (國語統一籌備會; Guóyǔ Tǒngyī Chóubèi Huì) by the Republic (then still based in Nanjing
Nanjing
' is the capital of Jiangsu province in China and has a prominent place in Chinese history and culture, having been the capital of China on several occasions...
) on April 21, 1919. On December 12, 1928, the Commission was renamed to the Preparatory Committee for the Unification of the National Language (國語統一籌備委員會; Guóyǔ Tǒngyī Chóubèi Wěiyuánhuì), headed by Woo Tsin-hang
Woo Tsin-hang
Woo Tsin-hang , born Wu Tiao , with the courtesy name Chih-hui , was a Chinese linguist and philosopher who was the chairman of the 1912–13 Commission on the Unification of Pronunciation that created Zhuyin and standardized Guoyu pronunciation.Woo Tsin-hang was born in Wujin ,...
and had 31 members. The Committee was revived in 1983 as the Mandarin Promotion Council based on Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
.
The decisions reached by the Council include:
- Changing the first- and second-grade textbook titles from Guowen (國文 "National Script") to GuoyuGuoyuGuoyu may mean or refer to:Language* the common term in Taiwan and Hong Kong for Standard Chinese, based on Mandarin Chinese* the Xianbei language during the Northern Wei Dynasty before its sinicization...
(國語 "National language"), on January 24, 1920 - Publishing the Guoyin Zidian (國音字典 "National Pronunciation Dictionary") edited by Woo Tsin-hangWoo Tsin-hangWoo Tsin-hang , born Wu Tiao , with the courtesy name Chih-hui , was a Chinese linguist and philosopher who was the chairman of the 1912–13 Commission on the Unification of Pronunciation that created Zhuyin and standardized Guoyu pronunciation.Woo Tsin-hang was born in Wujin ,...
, on December 24, 1920. The Guoyin Zidian later became the Guoyu Cidian (國語辭典), a comprehensive online and CD-ROM Traditional Chinese Mandarin dictionary.
The Committee for National Language Romanization (羅馬字母拼音研究委員會) under the Council selects and modifies Romanization
Romanization
In linguistics, romanization or latinization is the representation of a written word or spoken speech with the Roman script, or a system for doing so, where the original word or language uses a different writing system . Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written...
Systems. The official romanization systems in the Republic of China
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
have been:
- Gwoyeu RomatzyhGwoyeu RomatzyhGwoyeu Romatzyh , abbreviated GR, is a system for writing Mandarin Chinese in the Latin alphabet. The system was conceived by Y.R. Chao and developed by a group of linguists including Chao and Lin Yutang from 1925 to 1926. Chao himself later published influential works in linguistics using GR...
(1928–1984) - MPS II (1984–2002)
- Tongyong PinyinTongyong PinyinTongyong Pinyin was the official Romanization of Mandarin Chinese in the Republic of China between 2002 and 2008. The system was unofficially used between 2000 and 2002, when a new romanization system for the Republic of China was being evaluated for adoption. The ROC's Ministry of Education...
(2002–2008) - Hanyu Pinyin (starting on January 1, 2009)
Other projects include:
- Researching mainland ChineseMainland ChineseMainland Chinese or Mainlanders are Chinese people who live in a region considered a "mainland". It is frequently used in the context of areas ruled by the People's Republic of China, referring to people from Mainland China as opposed to other areas controlled by the state such as Hong Kong or...
Mandarin usages - Researching aboriginal Taiwanese languages.
- Researching other varieties of Chinese or languages like Hakka, and Taiwanese Hokkien