Lowry Cole
Encyclopedia
Sir Galbraith Lowry Cole, GCB
(1 May 1772 Dublin - 4 October 1842 Highfield Park, Hampshire
), styled The Honourable from birth, was an Irish British Army
general and politician.
in 1787, and served in the West Indies, Ireland
, and Egypt
. He served as brigadier general in Sicily
and commanded the 1st Brigade at the Battle of Maida
on the 4 July 1806. In 1808 he was promoted to major-general, to lieutenant-general in 1813 and full general in 1830.
He was colonel of the 27th Foot, commanded the 4th Division
in the Peninsular War
under Wellington
, and was wounded at the Battle of Albuera
in which he played a decisive part.
For having served with distinction in the battles of Maida
, Albuhera
, Salamanca
, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Nivelle
, Orthez
and Toulouse
, he received the Army Gold Cross with four clasps.
for the family seat of Enniskillen
from 1797 to 1800, and represented Fermanagh
in the British House of Commons
in 1803.
He was appointed 2nd Governor of Mauritius from 12 Jun 1823 to 17 Jun 1828. He left in 1828 to take up the post of Governor of the Cape Colony
which position he filled until 1833. Cole was invested as a Knight Grand Cross, Order of the Bath
on 2 January 1815.
He is commemorated in Enniskillen
by a statue surmounting a 30 metre column in Fort Hill Park, carried out by the Irish sculptor, Terence Farrell.
(1 March 1736–22 May 1803), and Anne Lowry-Corry (d. September 1802), the daughter of Galbraith Lowry-Corry of Tyrone
, and the sister of Armar Lowry-Corry, 1st Earl Belmore
.
Cole was married on 15 June 1815 to Frances Harris (d. 1 November 1847), daughter of James Harris, 1st Earl of Malmesbury
, for whom Malmesbury, Western Cape
is named, and Harriet Mary, his wife. Frances Cole played a prominent part in social philanthropy in the Cape and worked towards having Coloured
children taught useful trades. Colesberg
, a town in the Cape, is named after him, as is Sir Lowry's Pass
near Cape Town. They had two children; Florence Mary Georgiana Cole, and Colonel Arthur Lowry Cole (24 August 1817–30 March 1885)
His elder brother John Willoughby Cole
(23 March 1768–31 March 1840) married Charlotte Paget (d. 26 January 1817), the daughter of Henry Bayly Paget, 1st Earl of Uxbridge
.
His sisters were:
Order of the Bath
The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725. The name derives from the elaborate mediæval ceremony for creating a knight, which involved bathing as one of its elements. The knights so created were known as Knights of the Bath...
(1 May 1772 Dublin - 4 October 1842 Highfield Park, Hampshire
Hampshire
Hampshire is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, a historic cathedral city that was once the capital of England. Hampshire is notable for housing the original birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force...
), styled The Honourable from birth, was an Irish British Army
British Army
The British Army is the land warfare branch of Her Majesty's Armed Forces in the United Kingdom. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England...
general and politician.
Army Service
Cole was commissioned a cornetCornet (military rank)
Cornet was originally the third and lowest grade of commissioned officer in a British cavalry troop, after captain and lieutenant. A cornet is a new and junior officer.- Traditional duties :The cornet carried the troop standard, also known as a "cornet"....
in 1787, and served in the West Indies, Ireland
Ireland
Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
, and Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
. He served as brigadier general in Sicily
Sicily
Sicily is a region of Italy, and is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Along with the surrounding minor islands, it constitutes an autonomous region of Italy, the Regione Autonoma Siciliana Sicily has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature,...
and commanded the 1st Brigade at the Battle of Maida
Battle of Maida
The Battle of Maida on 4 July 1806 saw a British expeditionary force fight a First French Empire division outside the town of Maida in Calabria, Italy during the Napoleonic Wars. John Stuart led 5,200 British troops to victory over about 6,000 French soldiers under Jean Reynier, inflicting...
on the 4 July 1806. In 1808 he was promoted to major-general, to lieutenant-general in 1813 and full general in 1830.
He was colonel of the 27th Foot, commanded the 4th Division
4th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)
The 4th Infantry Division is a regular British Army division with a long history having been present at the Peninsular War the Crimean War , the First World War , and during the Second World War.- Napoleonic Wars :...
in the Peninsular War
Peninsular War
The Peninsular War was a war between France and the allied powers of Spain, the United Kingdom, and Portugal for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars. The war began when French and Spanish armies crossed Spain and invaded Portugal in 1807. Then, in 1808, France turned on its...
under Wellington
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS , was an Irish-born British soldier and statesman, and one of the leading military and political figures of the 19th century...
, and was wounded at the Battle of Albuera
Battle of Albuera
The Battle of Albuera was an indecisive battle during the Peninsular War. A mixed British, Spanish and Portuguese corps engaged elements of the French Armée du Midi at the small Spanish village of Albuera, about 20 kilometres south of the frontier fortress-town of Badajoz, Spain.From...
in which he played a decisive part.
For having served with distinction in the battles of Maida
Battle of Maida
The Battle of Maida on 4 July 1806 saw a British expeditionary force fight a First French Empire division outside the town of Maida in Calabria, Italy during the Napoleonic Wars. John Stuart led 5,200 British troops to victory over about 6,000 French soldiers under Jean Reynier, inflicting...
, Albuhera
Battle of Albuera
The Battle of Albuera was an indecisive battle during the Peninsular War. A mixed British, Spanish and Portuguese corps engaged elements of the French Armée du Midi at the small Spanish village of Albuera, about 20 kilometres south of the frontier fortress-town of Badajoz, Spain.From...
, Salamanca
Battle of Salamanca
The Battle of Salamanca saw Anglo-Portuguese and Spanish armies under the Duke of Wellington defeat Marshal Auguste Marmont's French forces among the hills around Arapiles south of Salamanca, Spain on July 22, 1812 during the Peninsular War....
, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Nivelle
Battle of Nivelle
The Battle of Nivelle took place in front of the River Nivelle near the end of the Peninsular War . After the Allied siege of San Sebastian, Wellington's 80,000 British, Portuguese and Spanish troops were in hot pursuit of Marshal Soult who only had 60,000 men to place in a 20-mile perimeter...
, Orthez
Battle of Orthez
The Battle of Orthez saw the Anglo-Portuguese Army under Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, Marquess of Wellington defeat a French army led by Marshal Nicolas Soult in southern France near the end of the Peninsular War.-Preliminaries:...
and Toulouse
Battle of Toulouse (1814)
The Battle of Toulouse was one of the final battles of the Napoleonic Wars, four days after Napoleon's surrender of the French Empire to the nations of the Sixth Coalition...
, he received the Army Gold Cross with four clasps.
Member of Parliament
He was Member of Parliament in the Irish House of CommonsIrish House of Commons
The Irish House of Commons was the lower house of the Parliament of Ireland, that existed from 1297 until 1800. The upper house was the House of Lords...
for the family seat of Enniskillen
Enniskillen (Parliament of Ireland constituency)
Enniskillen was a constituency represented in the Irish House of Commons until 1800.-History:In the Patriot Parliament of 1689 summoned by King James II, Enniskillen was not represented.-1692–1801:...
from 1797 to 1800, and represented Fermanagh
Fermanagh (UK Parliament constituency)
Fermanagh was a UK Parliament constituency in Northern Ireland, returning two Members of Parliament.-Boundaries:This constituency comprised the whole of County Fermanagh, except for the Borough of Enniskillen.-Members of Parliament:-References:...
in the British House of Commons
British House of Commons
The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...
in 1803.
He was appointed 2nd Governor of Mauritius from 12 Jun 1823 to 17 Jun 1828. He left in 1828 to take up the post of Governor of the Cape Colony
Cape Colony
The Cape Colony, part of modern South Africa, was established by the Dutch East India Company in 1652, with the founding of Cape Town. It was subsequently occupied by the British in 1795 when the Netherlands were occupied by revolutionary France, so that the French revolutionaries could not take...
which position he filled until 1833. Cole was invested as a Knight Grand Cross, Order of the Bath
Order of the Bath
The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725. The name derives from the elaborate mediæval ceremony for creating a knight, which involved bathing as one of its elements. The knights so created were known as Knights of the Bath...
on 2 January 1815.
He is commemorated in Enniskillen
Enniskillen
Enniskillen is a town in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. It is located almost exactly in the centre of the county between the Upper and Lower sections of Lough Erne. It had a population of 13,599 in the 2001 Census...
by a statue surmounting a 30 metre column in Fort Hill Park, carried out by the Irish sculptor, Terence Farrell.
Family
Cole was born the second son of an Irish peer, William Willoughby Cole, 1st Earl of EnniskillenWilliam Willoughby Cole, 1st Earl of Enniskillen
William Willoughby Cole, 1st Earl of Enniskillen , styled The Honourable from 1760 to 1767, then known as Lord Mountflorence to 1776 and as Viscount Enniskillen to 1789, was an Irish peer and politician....
(1 March 1736–22 May 1803), and Anne Lowry-Corry (d. September 1802), the daughter of Galbraith Lowry-Corry of Tyrone
County Tyrone
Historically Tyrone stretched as far north as Lough Foyle, and comprised part of modern day County Londonderry east of the River Foyle. The majority of County Londonderry was carved out of Tyrone between 1610-1620 when that land went to the Guilds of London to set up profit making schemes based on...
, and the sister of Armar Lowry-Corry, 1st Earl Belmore
Armar Lowry-Corry, 1st Earl Belmore
Armar Lowry-Corry, 1st Earl Belmore was an Irish nobleman and politician.He was born Armar Lowry, the first son of Galbraith Lowry MP, of Ahenis, County Tyrone by his wife Sarah Corry, second daughter and eventual co-heiress of Colonel John Corry MP, of Castle Coole, County Fermanagh.-Public...
.
Cole was married on 15 June 1815 to Frances Harris (d. 1 November 1847), daughter of James Harris, 1st Earl of Malmesbury
James Harris, 1st Earl of Malmesbury
James Harris, 1st Earl of Malmesbury GCB was an English diplomatist.-Early life :...
, for whom Malmesbury, Western Cape
Malmesbury, Western Cape
Malmesbury is a town with 37,529 inhabitants in the Western Cape province of South Africa, about 65 km north of Cape Town.The town is the largest in the Swartland due to the dark "Renosterbos" , an indigenous plant that turns black in the warm, dry summers...
is named, and Harriet Mary, his wife. Frances Cole played a prominent part in social philanthropy in the Cape and worked towards having Coloured
Coloured
In the South African, Namibian, Zambian, Botswana and Zimbabwean context, the term Coloured refers to an heterogenous ethnic group who possess ancestry from Europe, various Khoisan and Bantu tribes of Southern Africa, West Africa, Indonesia, Madagascar, Malaya, India, Mozambique,...
children taught useful trades. Colesberg
Colesberg
Colesberg is a town with 17,354 inhabitants in the Northern Cape province of South Africa, located on the main road from Cape Town to Johannesburg....
, a town in the Cape, is named after him, as is Sir Lowry's Pass
Sir Lowry's Pass
Sir Lowry's Pass is a mountain pass on the N2 national road in the Western Cape province of South Africa. It crosses the Hottentots-Holland mountain range between Somerset West and Grabouw on the main national road between Cape Town and the Garden Route...
near Cape Town. They had two children; Florence Mary Georgiana Cole, and Colonel Arthur Lowry Cole (24 August 1817–30 March 1885)
His elder brother John Willoughby Cole
John Cole, 2nd Earl of Enniskillen
John Willoughby Cole, 2nd Earl of Enniskillen KP , known as Viscount Cole from 1789 to 1803, was an Irish peer and Member of Parliament....
(23 March 1768–31 March 1840) married Charlotte Paget (d. 26 January 1817), the daughter of Henry Bayly Paget, 1st Earl of Uxbridge
Henry Bayly Paget, 1st Earl of Uxbridge
Henry Paget, 1st Earl of Uxbridge , known as Sir Henry Bayly, 3rd Baronet, of Plas Newydd, until 1769 and as The Lord Paget between 1769 and 1784, was a British peer.-Background:...
.
His sisters were:
- Sarah Cole (d. 14 March 1833), married (1790) Owen Wynne
- Elizabeth Anne Cole (d. 1807), married (1788) Colonel Richard Magennis (d. 6 March 1831)
- Florence Cole (d. 1 March 1862), married (1797) Blaney Townley Balfour of Townley Hall, DroghedaDroghedaDrogheda is an industrial and port town in County Louth on the east coast of Ireland, 56 km north of Dublin. It is the last bridging point on the River Boyne before it enters the Irish Sea....
, Co. Louth (d. 22 December 1856) - Henrietta Frances Cole (22 June 1784–2 July 1848), married (20 July 1805) Thomas Philip Robinson, 2nd Earl de Grey (8 December 1781–14 November 1859)