List of rulers of Milan - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

The following is a list of rulers of Milan
Milan
Milan is the second-largest city in Italy and the capital city of the region of Lombardy and of the province of Milan. The city proper has a population of about 1.3 million, while its urban area, roughly coinciding with its administrative province and the bordering Province of Monza and Brianza ,...

from the 13th century to 1859, when Milan and the rest of Lombardy

Lombardy

Lombardy is one of the 20 regions of Italy. The capital is Milan. One-sixth of Italy's population lives in Lombardy and about one fifth of Italy's GDP is produced in this region, making it the most populous and richest region in the country and one of the richest in the whole of Europe...

were incorporated into the Kingdom of Sardinia

Kingdom of Sardinia

The Kingdom of Sardinia consisted of the island of Sardinia first as a part of the Crown of Aragon and subsequently the Spanish Empire , and second as a part of the composite state of the House of Savoy . Its capital was originally Cagliari, in the south of the island, and later Turin, on the...

after the Second Italian War of Independence

Second Italian War of Independence

The Second War of Italian Independence, Franco-Austrian War, Austro-Sardinian War, or Austro-Piedmontese War , was fought by Napoleon III of France and the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia against the Austrian Empire in 1859...

Name	Began Reign	Ended Reign	Notes
Lords of Milan, houses of della Torre (also known as Torriani) and Visconti House of Visconti Visconti is the family name of two important Italian noble dynasties of the Middle Ages. There are two distinct Visconti families: The first one in the Republic of Pisa in the mid twelfth century who achieved prominence first in Pisa, then in Sardinia where they became rulers of Gallura...
Pagano I della Torre	1240	1247
Pagano II della Torre	1247	1257
Manfredi Lancia	1253	1256
Martino della Torre Martino della Torre -Biography:Martino della Torre was a nephew of Pagano, who established the power of the della Torre family in Milan. In 1241 he opposed to the nomination as podestà of the city of Paola Soresina....	1257	1259
Oberto Pallavicino	1259	1264
Filippo della Torre	1263	1265
Napoleone della Torre Napoleone della Torre Napoleone della Torre , also known as Napo della Torre, was an Italian nobleman, who was effective Lord of Milan in the late 13th century. He was a member of the della Torre family.-Biography:...	1265	1277
Ottone Visconti, Archbishop of Milan	1277	1294
Matteo I Visconti	1294	1302	grand-nephew of Ottone
Guido della Torre Guido della Torre Guido della Torre , son of Francesco della Torre and Julia Castiglioni, was a Lord of Milan between 1302 and 1312.- Biography :...	1302	1311
Matteo I Visconti	1311	1322	restored
Galeazzo I Visconti	1322	1327	son of Matteo
Azzone Visconti	1327	1339	son of Galeazzo I
Luchino Visconti	1339	1349	brother of Galeazzo I and uncle of Azzone
Giovanni Visconti	1349	1354	brother of Galeazzo I and Luchino
Bernabò Visconti Bernabo Visconti Bernabò Visconti was an Italian soldier and statesman, who was Lord of Milan.-Life:He was born in Milan, the son of Stefano Visconti and Valentina Doria. From 1346 to 1349 he lived in exile, until he was called back by his uncle Giovanni Visconti...	1354	1385	nephew of Galeazzo I, Luchino and Giovanni, son of Stefano
Galeazzo II Visconti Galeazzo II Visconti -External links:*...	1354	1378	nephew of Galeazzo I, Luchino and Giovanni, son of Stefano
Matteo II Visconti	1354	1355	nephew of Galeazzo I, Luchino and Giovanni, son of Stefano
Gian Galeazzo I Visconti Gian Galeazzo Visconti Gian Galeazzo Visconti , son of Galeazzo II Visconti and Bianca of Savoy, was the first Duke of Milan and ruled the late-medieval city just before the dawn of the Renaissance...	4 August 1378	1 May 1395	son of Galeazzo II
Dukes of Milan, rulers of the Duchy of Milan Duchy of Milan The Duchy of Milan , was created on the 1st of may 1395, when Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Lord of Milan, purchased a diploma for 100,000 Florins from King Wenceslaus. It was this diploma that installed, Gian Galeazzo as Duke of Milan and Count of Pavia...
Gian Galeazzo I Visconti Gian Galeazzo Visconti Gian Galeazzo Visconti , son of Galeazzo II Visconti and Bianca of Savoy, was the first Duke of Milan and ruled the late-medieval city just before the dawn of the Renaissance...	1 May 1395	3 September 1402
Gian Maria Visconti Gian Maria Visconti Gian Maria Visconti was the second Visconti Duke of Milan, the son of Gian Galeazzo Visconti and Caterina Visconti.-Biography:...	3 September 1402	16 May 1412	son of Gian Galeazzo; assassinated
Filippo I Maria Visconti Filippo Maria Visconti Filippo Maria Visconti was ruler of Milan from 1412 to 1447.-Biography:Filippo Maria Visconti, who had become nominal ruler of Pavia in 1402, succeeded his assassinated brother Gian Maria Visconti as Duke of Milan in 1412. They were the sons of Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Gian Maria's predecessor, by...	12 June 1412	13 August 1447	brother of Gian Maria
Ambrosian Republic Ambrosian Republic The Golden Ambrosian Republic was a short-lived government founded in Milan by members of the University of Pavia with popular support... 13 August 1447–25 March 1450
Francesco I Sforza	25 March 1450	8 March 1466	married a daughter of Filippo Maria
Galeazzo III Maria Sforza Galeazzo Maria Sforza Galeazzo Maria Sforza was Duke of Milan from 1466 until his death. He was famous for being lustful, cruel and tyrannical....	20 March 1466	26 December 1476	son of Francesco
Gian Galeazzo II Sforza Gian Galeazzo Sforza Gian Galeazzo Sforza was the sixth Duke of Milan.Born in Abbiategrasso, he was only 7 years old when in 1476 his father, Galeazzo Maria Sforza, was assassinated and Gian Galeazzo became the Duke of Milan...	26 December 1476	22 October 1494	son of Galeazzo Maria
Ludovico Sforza Ludovico Sforza Ludovico Sforza , was Duke of Milan from 1489 until his death. A member of the Sforza family, he was the fourth son of Francesco Sforza. He was famed as a patron of Leonardo da Vinci and other artists, and presided over the final and most productive stage of the Milanese Renaissance...	22 October 1494	2 September 1499	son of Francesco
Louis XII of France Louis XII of France Louis proved to be a popular king. At the end of his reign the crown deficit was no greater than it had been when he succeeded Charles VIII in 1498, despite several expensive military campaigns in Italy. His fiscal reforms of 1504 and 1508 tightened and improved procedures for the collection of taxes...	6 September 1499	5 February 1500	grandson of Valentina, daughter of Gian Galeazzo Visconti
Ludovico Sforza Ludovico Sforza Ludovico Sforza , was Duke of Milan from 1489 until his death. A member of the Sforza family, he was the fourth son of Francesco Sforza. He was famed as a patron of Leonardo da Vinci and other artists, and presided over the final and most productive stage of the Milanese Renaissance...	3 February 1500	10 April 1500	(restored)
Louis XII of France Louis XII of France Louis proved to be a popular king. At the end of his reign the crown deficit was no greater than it had been when he succeeded Charles VIII in 1498, despite several expensive military campaigns in Italy. His fiscal reforms of 1504 and 1508 tightened and improved procedures for the collection of taxes...	17 April 1500	16 June 1512	restored
Massimiliano Sforza	16 June 1512	8 October 1515	son of Lodovico
Francis I of France Francis I of France Francis I was King of France from 1515 until his death. During his reign, huge cultural changes took place in France and he has been called France's original Renaissance monarch...	11 October 1515	19 November 1521	son-in-law and cousin of Louis XII of France
Francesco II Sforza Francesco II Sforza Francesco II Sforza , also known as Francesco Maria Sforza, was the last Duke of Milan from 1521 until his death.He was the son of Ludovico Sforza and Beatrice d'Este...	19 November 1521	3 October 1524	son of Lodovico, brother of Massimiliano
Francis I of France Francis I of France Francis I was King of France from 1515 until his death. During his reign, huge cultural changes took place in France and he has been called France's original Renaissance monarch...	23 October 1524	24 February 1525	restored
Francesco II Sforza Francesco II Sforza Francesco II Sforza , also known as Francesco Maria Sforza, was the last Duke of Milan from 1521 until his death.He was the son of Ludovico Sforza and Beatrice d'Este...	26 February 1525	1 November 1535	restored
Spanish Rule 1540–1706
Philip II of Spain Philip II of Spain Philip II was King of Spain, Portugal, Naples, Sicily, and, while married to Mary I, King of England and Ireland. He was lord of the Seventeen Provinces from 1556 until 1581, holding various titles for the individual territories such as duke or count....	11 October 1540	13 September 1598	After the death of Francesco II, claimed by emperor Charles V Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V was ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and, as Charles I, of the Spanish Empire from 1516 until his voluntary retirement and abdication in favor of his younger brother Ferdinand I and his son Philip II in 1556.As... as an imperial fief for his son.
Philip III of Spain Philip III of Spain Philip III , also known as Philip the Pious, was the King of Spain and King of Portugal and the Algarves, where he ruled as Philip II , from 1598 until his death...	13 September 1598	31 March 1621	son of Philip II
Philip IV of Spain Philip IV of Spain Philip IV was King of Spain between 1621 and 1665, sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands, and King of Portugal until 1640...	31 March 1621	17 September 1665	son of Philip III
Charles II of Spain Charles II of Spain Charles II was the last Habsburg King of Spain and the ruler of large parts of Italy, the Spanish territories in the Southern Low Countries, and Spain's overseas Empire, stretching from the Americas to the Spanish East Indies...	17 September 1665	1 November 1700	son of Philip IV
Philip V of Spain Philip V of Spain Philip V was King of Spain from 15 November 1700 to 15 January 1724, when he abdicated in favor of his son Louis, and from 6 September 1724, when he assumed the throne again upon his son's death, to his death.Before his reign, Philip occupied an exalted place in the royal family of France as a...	1 November 1700	24 September 1706	great-grandson of Philip IV
Austrian Rule 1706–1800
Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI was the penultimate Habsburg sovereign of the Habsburg Empire. He succeeded his elder brother, Joseph I, as Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia , Hungary and Croatia , Archduke of Austria, etc., in 1711...	12 January 1707	20 October 1740	great-grandson of Philip III
Maria Theresa Maria Theresa of Austria Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina was the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominions and the last of the House of Habsburg. She was the sovereign of Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Bohemia, Mantua, Milan, Lodomeria and Galicia, the Austrian Netherlands and Parma...	20 October 1740	29 November 1780	daughter of Charles VI
Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II was Holy Roman Emperor from 1765 to 1790 and ruler of the Habsburg lands from 1780 to 1790. He was the eldest son of Empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I...	29 November 1780	20 February 1790	son of Maria Theresa
Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II , born Peter Leopold Joseph Anton Joachim Pius Gotthard, was Holy Roman Emperor and King of Hungary and Bohemia from 1790 to 1792, Archduke of Austria and Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1765 to 1790. He was a son of Emperor Francis I and his wife, Empress Maria Theresa...	20 February 1790	1 March 1792	brother of Joseph II
Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor Francis II was the last Holy Roman Emperor, ruling from 1792 until 6 August 1806, when he dissolved the Empire after the disastrous defeat of the Third Coalition by Napoleon at the Battle of Austerlitz...	1 March 1792	9 May 1796	son of Leopold II
Transpadane Republic Transpadane Republic The Transpadane Republic was a revolutionary, provisional and internationally unrecognized government established in Milan by General Napoleon Bonaparte.... 15 November 1796–29 June 1797
Cisalpine Republic Cisalpine Republic The Cisalpine Republic was a French client republic in Northern Italy that lasted from 1797 to 1802.-Birth:After the Battle of Lodi in May 1796, Napoleon Bonaparte proceeded to organize two states: one to the south of the Po River, the Cispadane Republic, and one to the north, the Transpadane... 29 June 1797–29 April 1799
Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor Francis II was the last Holy Roman Emperor, ruling from 1792 until 6 August 1806, when he dissolved the Empire after the disastrous defeat of the Third Coalition by Napoleon at the Battle of Austerlitz...	29 April 1799	29 April 1800	(restored)
Cisalpine Republic Cisalpine Republic The Cisalpine Republic was a French client republic in Northern Italy that lasted from 1797 to 1802.-Birth:After the Battle of Lodi in May 1796, Napoleon Bonaparte proceeded to organize two states: one to the south of the Po River, the Cispadane Republic, and one to the north, the Transpadane... (restored) 29 April 1800–26 January 1802
President of the Italian Republic Italian Republic (Napoleonic) The Italian Republic was a short-lived republic located in Northern Italy. It was a vassal state of the First French Republic of Napoleon.-The republic:... (Italian Italian language Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia... : Repubblica Italiana)
Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon I of France Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...	26 January 1802	18 March 1805
King of Italy Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic) The Kingdom of Italy was a state founded in Northern Italy by Napoleon, fully influenced by revolutionary France, that ended with his defeat and fall.-Constitutional statutes:... (Italian Italian language Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia... : Regno d'Italia)
Napoleon I Napoleon I of France Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...	18 March 1805	28 April 1814
Eugène de Beauharnais Eugène de Beauharnais Eugène Rose de Beauharnais, Prince Français, Prince of Venice, Viceroy of the Kingdom of Italy, Hereditary Grand Duke of Frankfurt, 1st Duke of Leuchtenberg and 1st Prince of Eichstätt ad personam was the first child and only son of Alexandre, Vicomte de Beauharnais and Joséphine Tascher de la...	18 March 1805	28 April 1814	Viceroy Viceroy A viceroy is a royal official who runs a country, colony, or province in the name of and as representative of the monarch. The term derives from the Latin prefix vice-, meaning "in the place of" and the French word roi, meaning king. A viceroy's province or larger territory is called a viceroyalty... for Napoleon I
Kings of Lombardy-Venetia Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia The Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia was created at the Congress of Vienna, which recognised the House of Habsburg's rights to Lombardy and Venetia after the Kingdom of Italy, proclaimed by Napoleon in 1805, had collapsed... (Italian Italian language Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia... : Regno Lombardo–Veneto)
Franz I of Austria Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor Francis II was the last Holy Roman Emperor, ruling from 1792 until 6 August 1806, when he dissolved the Empire after the disastrous defeat of the Third Coalition by Napoleon at the Battle of Austerlitz...	7 April 1815	2 March 1835	previously Duke of Milan
Archduke Anton Victor of Austria Archduke Anton Victor of Austria Anton Victor, Viceroy of Lombardy-Venetia was an Archduke of Austria and a Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights. He was also briefly the last Archbishop-Elector of Cologne and Prince-Bishop of Münster, before those territories were secularized in 1803.Anton Victor was the son of Leopold II, Holy...	7 March 1816	January 1818	Viceroy for Franz I
Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria	January 1818	2 March 1835	Viceroy for Franz I
Ferdinand I of Austria Ferdinand I of Austria Ferdinand I was Emperor of Austria, President of the German Confederation, King of Hungary and Bohemia , as well as associated dominions from the death of his father, Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, until his abdication after the Revolutions of 1848.He married Maria Anna of Savoy, the sixth child...	2 March 1835	2 December 1848	son of Franz I
Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria	2 March 1835	May 1848	Viceroy for Ferdinand I
Count Joseph Radetzky von Radetz Joseph Radetzky von Radetz Johann Josef Wenzel Graf Radetzky von Radetz was a Czech nobleman and Austrian general, immortalised by Johann Strauss I's Radetzky March...	6 August 1848	2 December 1848	Viceroy for Ferdinand I
Franz Joseph of Austria	2 December 1848	10 November 1859	nephew of Ferdinand I
Count Joseph Radetzky von Radetz Joseph Radetzky von Radetz Johann Josef Wenzel Graf Radetzky von Radetz was a Czech nobleman and Austrian general, immortalised by Johann Strauss I's Radetzky March...	2 December 1848	6 September 1857	Viceroy for Franz Joseph
Archduke Maximilian of Austria Maximilian I of Mexico Maximilian I was the only monarch of the Second Mexican Empire.After a distinguished career in the Austrian Navy, he was proclaimed Emperor of Mexico on April 10, 1864, with the backing of Napoleon III of France and a group of Mexican monarchists who sought to revive the Mexican monarchy...	6 September 1857	20 April 1859	Viceroy for Franz Joseph
Count Ferencz Gyulai Ferencz Gyulai Count Ferencz Gyulai de Marosnémethi et Nádaska , also known as Ferenc Gyulai, Ferencz Gyulaj, or Franz Gyulai, was a Hungarian nobleman who served as Austrian Governor of Lombardy-Venetia and commanded the losing Austrian army at the Battle of Magenta.-Biography:Gyulai was born on 1 September 1798...	20 April 1859	8 June 1859	Viceroy for Franz Joseph
Heinrich Hermann Josef Freiherr von Heß Heinrich von Heß Heinrich Hermann Josef Freiherr von Heß , Austrian soldier, entered the army in 1805 and was soon employed as a staff officer on survey work....	8 June 1859	1 August 1859	acting viceroy for Franz Joseph

See also