List of political parties in Colombia
Encyclopedia
This article lists political parties
in Colombia
.
Colombia had historically maintained a two-party system
, which means that there were two dominant political parties, resulting in considerable difficulty for anybody to achieve major electoral success under the banner of any other party. Dissidents from the two main parties also had chances to win elections. Nowadays it is a multi-party system
with three main parties.
(*) PIN is the union of four previous small right-wing parties:
(**) The current Green Party is the union of the previous Option Centre Party (Partido Opción Centro) with a sector of the Democratic Pole and two independent movements which did not win parliamentary representation in 2006.
Black communities Parties
The constitution of 1991, in order to increase the participation of more people in politics, promoted the end of bipartidism making easy to create new political parties. However, this became counter-productive as many traditional politicians left traditional parties to form their own movements who had very few representation and not clear ideologies. Also, paramilitary groups developed many regional political parties in order to penetrate the State. In 2002, nearly 80 parties had representation in congress, most of them with only one or two congressmen.
Under the Political Reform of 2003, any party that does not get at least 2% of the vote to the Senate or of the electoral quotient to its circumscription to the House of Representatives, is legally dead. This is to promote neater debates and ideologically clear positions in the Congress. In 2006, the number of parties went down from nearly 80 to 16, and in 2010 only 12 parties are legally recognized.
Political party
A political party is a political organization that typically seeks to influence government policy, usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office. Parties participate in electoral campaigns, educational outreach or protest actions...
in Colombia
Colombia
Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...
.
Colombia had historically maintained a two-party system
Two-party system
A two-party system is a system where two major political parties dominate voting in nearly all elections at every level of government and, as a result, all or nearly all elected offices are members of one of the two major parties...
, which means that there were two dominant political parties, resulting in considerable difficulty for anybody to achieve major electoral success under the banner of any other party. Dissidents from the two main parties also had chances to win elections. Nowadays it is a multi-party system
Multi-party system
A multi-party system is a system in which multiple political parties have the capacity to gain control of government separately or in coalition, e.g.The Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition in the United Kingdom formed in 2010. The effective number of parties in a multi-party system is normally...
with three main parties.
Major parties
| Name | Ideology | House Chamber of Representatives of Colombia The Chamber of Representatives is the lower house of the Congress of Colombia.The Chamber has 166 elected members for four-year terms.-How the Chamber is elected:... 2006 |
Senate Senate of Colombia The Senate of the Republic of Colombia is the upper house of the Congress of Colombia, with the lower house being the Chamber of Representatives of Colombia... 2006 |
House Chamber of Representatives of Colombia The Chamber of Representatives is the lower house of the Congress of Colombia.The Chamber has 166 elected members for four-year terms.-How the Chamber is elected:... 2010 |
Senate Senate of Colombia The Senate of the Republic of Colombia is the upper house of the Congress of Colombia, with the lower house being the Chamber of Representatives of Colombia... 2010 |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Party of National Unity Partido Social de Unidad Nacional |
U | Liberal conservatism Liberal conservatism Liberal conservatism also known as progressive conservatism is a variant of political conservatism which incorporates liberal elements. As "conservatism" and "liberalism" have had different meanings over time and across countries, the term "liberal conservatism" has been used in quite different... , Uribism Uribism Uribism is the right-wing political ideology based on the ideology and government of former president of Colombia, Álvaro Uribe. It supports mainly the democratic security politics of Uribe.- Background :... |
29 | 20 | 48 | 28 | |
| Colombian Conservative Party Colombian Conservative Party The Colombian Conservative Party , is a conservative political party in Colombia. The party was unofficially founded by a group of Revolutionary Commoners during the Revolutionary War for Independence from the Spanish Monarchy and later formally established during the Greater Colombia... Partido Conservador Colombiano |
C | Conservatism Conservatism Conservatism is a political and social philosophy that promotes the maintenance of traditional institutions and supports, at the most, minimal and gradual change in society. Some conservatives seek to preserve things as they are, emphasizing stability and continuity, while others oppose modernism... |
30 | 18 | 37 | 22 | |
| Colombian Liberal Party Colombian Liberal Party The Colombian Liberal Party is a center-left party in Colombia that adheres to social democracy and social liberalism.The Party was founded in 1848 and, together with the Colombian Conservative Party, subsequently became one of the two main political forces in the country for over a century.After... Partido Liberal Colombiano |
L | Social democracy Social democracy Social democracy is a political ideology of the center-left on the political spectrum. Social democracy is officially a form of evolutionary reformist socialism. It supports class collaboration as the course to achieve socialism... , Social Liberalism Social liberalism Social liberalism is the belief that liberalism should include social justice. It differs from classical liberalism in that it believes the legitimate role of the state includes addressing economic and social issues such as unemployment, health care, and education while simultaneously expanding... |
36 | 18 | 35 | 17 | |
Other Parties
| Name | Ideology | House Chamber of Representatives of Colombia The Chamber of Representatives is the lower house of the Congress of Colombia.The Chamber has 166 elected members for four-year terms.-How the Chamber is elected:... 2006 |
Senate Senate of Colombia The Senate of the Republic of Colombia is the upper house of the Congress of Colombia, with the lower house being the Chamber of Representatives of Colombia... 2006 |
House Chamber of Representatives of Colombia The Chamber of Representatives is the lower house of the Congress of Colombia.The Chamber has 166 elected members for four-year terms.-How the Chamber is elected:... 2010 |
Senate Senate of Colombia The Senate of the Republic of Colombia is the upper house of the Congress of Colombia, with the lower house being the Chamber of Representatives of Colombia... 2010 |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Integration Party National Integration Party (Colombia) The National Integration Party is a Colombian political party formed in November 2009. It has been linked with the Colombian parapolitics scandal in which Colombia paramilitaries were found to be influencing Colombian politics, and considered a "reincarnation" of the banned National Democratic... Partido de Integración Nacional |
PIN | Neoliberalism Neoliberalism Neoliberalism is a market-driven approach to economic and social policy based on neoclassical theories of economics that emphasizes the efficiency of private enterprise, liberalized trade and relatively open markets, and therefore seeks to maximize the role of the private sector in determining the... |
10 (*) | 12 (*) | 12 | 9 | |
| Radical Change Party Cambio Radical |
CR | Conservative liberalism Conservative liberalism Conservative liberalism is a variant of liberalism, combining liberal values and policies with conservative stances, or, more simply, representing the right-wing of the liberal movement.... , Centrism Centrism In politics, centrism is the ideal or the practice of promoting policies that lie different from the standard political left and political right. Most commonly, this is visualized as part of the one-dimensional political spectrum of left-right politics, with centrism landing in the middle between... |
20 | 15 | 15 | 8 | |
| Alternative Democratic Pole Alternative Democratic Pole The Alternative Democratic Pole is a political alliance in Colombia, formed by the Independent Democratic Pole and the Democratic Alternative in December 2005... Polo Democrático Alternativo |
PDA | Democratic socialism Democratic socialism Democratic socialism is a description used by various socialist movements and organizations to emphasize the democratic character of their political orientation... |
9 | 10 | 4 | 8 | |
| Colombian Green Party Partido Verde Colombiano |
PV | Centrism Centrism In politics, centrism is the ideal or the practice of promoting policies that lie different from the standard political left and political right. Most commonly, this is visualized as part of the one-dimensional political spectrum of left-right politics, with centrism landing in the middle between... , Green Politics Green politics Green politics is a political ideology that aims for the creation of an ecologically sustainable society rooted in environmentalism, social liberalism, and grassroots democracy... |
1 (**) | 0 | 3 | 5 | |
| Mira Movement Independent Movement of Absolute Renovation |
MIRA | Centrism Centrism In politics, centrism is the ideal or the practice of promoting policies that lie different from the standard political left and political right. Most commonly, this is visualized as part of the one-dimensional political spectrum of left-right politics, with centrism landing in the middle between... |
1 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
(*) PIN is the union of four previous small right-wing parties:
- Democratic Colombia Party (Partido Colombia Democrática)
- Living Colombia Movement (Movimiento Colombia Viva)
- Citizen's Convergence Party (Partido Convergencia Ciudadana)
- Liberal Opening Movement (Movimiento Apertura Liberal)
(**) The current Green Party is the union of the previous Option Centre Party (Partido Opción Centro) with a sector of the Democratic Pole and two independent movements which did not win parliamentary representation in 2006.
Minor parties
Indigenous Parties- Indigenous Social Alliance (Alianza Social Indígena) (Center)
- Indigenous Authorities of Colombia (Autoridades Indígenas de Colombia) (Far-left)
Black communities Parties
- United Popular Movement (Movimiento Popular Unido) (Center-right)
- AFROVIDES Association (Asociación AFROVIDES) (Center-left)
The constitution of 1991, in order to increase the participation of more people in politics, promoted the end of bipartidism making easy to create new political parties. However, this became counter-productive as many traditional politicians left traditional parties to form their own movements who had very few representation and not clear ideologies. Also, paramilitary groups developed many regional political parties in order to penetrate the State. In 2002, nearly 80 parties had representation in congress, most of them with only one or two congressmen.
Under the Political Reform of 2003, any party that does not get at least 2% of the vote to the Senate or of the electoral quotient to its circumscription to the House of Representatives, is legally dead. This is to promote neater debates and ideologically clear positions in the Congress. In 2006, the number of parties went down from nearly 80 to 16, and in 2010 only 12 parties are legally recognized.
See also
- List of political parties
- Liberalism in ColombiaLiberalism in ColombiaThis article gives an overview of liberalism in Colombia. It is limited to liberal parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had a representation in parliament. The sign ⇒ means a reference to another party in that scheme...