List of entities involved in 2007 finance crises
Encyclopedia
A list of companies, governmental and quasi-governmental agencies (GSEs), and/or non-profit organizations involved in the various economic and financial crises of 2007–2008.

National Builders

  • Beazer Homes USA
    Beazer Homes USA
    Beazer Homes USA is a Fortune 500 American homebuilding company based in Atlanta, Georgia. The company builds and sells primarily single-family homes in twenty states of the continental United States...

  • Hovnanian Enterprises
    Hovnanian Enterprises
    Hovnanian Enterprises, Inc. is a United States real estate company involved in every aspect of marketing homes, including design, construction and sales. The company works with individual detached housing as well as higher-occupancy dwellings, including townhouses, condominiums and retirement homes...

  • Lennar Corporation
    Lennar Corporation
    Lennar Corporation is a Fortune 500 company based in Miami, Florida, United States, in the Fountainbleau area. It was founded in 1954.In 2008, Lennar was the United States' second largest homebuilder, constructing homes in 17 different states throughout the United States, including Arizona,...

  • KB Home
    KB Home
    KB Home is a homebuilding company based in the United States, founded in 1957 as Kaufman & Broad in Detroit, Michigan. It was the first company to be traded on the NYSE as a home builder and is a Fortune 500 company...

  • NVR
  • Pulte Homes
    Pulte Homes
    Pulte Homes, Inc is a Bloomfield Hills, MI based company founded by Bill Pulte. Announced April 8, 2009, Pulte Homes has agreed to acquire Centex - creating the nation's largest homebuilding company in a stock transaction worth $3.1 billion, including $1.8 billion of debt...

  • Toll Brothers
    Toll Brothers
    Toll Brothers is a Horsham, Pennsylvania based luxury homes builder.-Company Overview:Toll Brothers is a residential and commercial real estate development company with communities in 50 markets throughout 19 states...


Real estate and appraisal

  • Coldwell Banker
    Coldwell Banker
    Coldwell Banker is a large real estate franchise founded in 1906 in San Francisco.Coldwell Banker has an international presence, with offices on six continents, 46 countries and territories...

  • Prudential Real Estate
    Prudential Financial
    The Prudential Insurance Company of America , also known as Prudential Financial, Inc., is a Fortune Global 500 and Fortune 500 company whose subsidiaries provide insurance, investment management, and other financial products and services to both retail and institutional customers throughout the...


Associations

  • American Society of Appraisers
  • Appraisal Institute
    Appraisal Institute
    The Appraisal Institute is a global membership association of professional real estate appraisers, with more than 25,000 members and 91 chapters throughout the world. Its mission is to advance professionalism and ethics, global standards, methodologies, and practices through the professional...

  • National Association of Home Builders
    National Association of Home Builders
    The National Association of Home Builders is one of the largest trade associations in the United States. Headquartered in Washington, DC, NAHB's mission is "to enhance the climate for housing and the building industry...

  • National Association of Realtors
    National Association of Realtors
    The National Association of Realtors , whose members are known as Realtors, is North America's largest trade association. representing over 1.2 million members , including NAR's institutes, societies, and councils, involved in all aspects of the residential and commercial real estate industries...

  • Real Estate Counseling Group of America
    Real Estate Counseling Group of America
    The Real Estate Counseling Group of America was founded in 1970 by William N. Kinnard, a former president of the American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, who sought to bring together a small group of top U.S...

  • Urban Land Institute
    Urban Land Institute
    The Urban Land Institute, or ULI, is a non-profit research and education organization with offices in Washington, D.C., Hong Kong, and London...


Subprime lenders

  • New Century Financial Corporation
  • American Home Mortgage Investment Corporation
  • Accredited Home Lenders
  • Countrywide Financial
    Countrywide Financial
    Bank of America Home Loans is the mortgage unit of Bank of America. Bank of America Home Loans is composed of:*Mortgage Banking, which originates purchases, securitizes, and services mortgages. In 2008, Bank of America purchased the failing Countrywide Financial for $4.1 billion...

  • Northern Rock
    Northern Rock
    Northern Rock plc is a British bank, best known for becoming the first bank in 150 years to suffer a bank run after having had to approach the Bank of England for a loan facility, to replace money market funding, during the credit crisis in 2007.  Having failed to find a commercial buyer for...

     (UK
    United Kingdom
    The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

    )
  • Ameriquest
    Ameriquest
    ACC Capital Holdings was a national mortgage lender based in Orange, California. The company is the largest privately held retail mortgage lender in the United States and the largest subprime lender by volume...

  • E*TRADE
  • Option One
  • American Freedom Mortgage, Inc.
  • MortgageIT
    MortgageIT
    MortgageIT is a residential mortgage banking company that was founded in 1988 and is headquartered in New York City. By 2004, the company had become one of the top mortgage lenders in the nation. Also, in 2004, MortgageIT became a wholly owned subsidiary of MortgageIT Holdings, a self-administered...

  • NovaStar Financial

Other lenders

  • Washington Mutual
    Washington Mutual
    Washington Mutual, Inc. , abbreviated to WaMu, was a savings bank holding company and the former owner of Washington Mutual Bank, which was the United States' largest savings and loan association until its collapse in 2008....

  • Wachovia
    Wachovia
    Wachovia was a diversified financial services company based in Charlotte, North Carolina. Before its acquisition by Wells Fargo in 2008, Wachovia was the fourth-largest bank holding company in the United States based on total assets...

  • Suntrust
  • Luminent Mortgage Capital
  • Aegis Wholesale
  • 1st National Bank of Arizona
  • GreenPoint Mortgage Funding
  • Velocity Commercial Lender
  • Fremont Investment & Loan
  • ResMAE Mortgage Corp
  • Americans Brokers Conduit
  • IndyMac Bank
    IndyMac Bank
    OneWest Bank is a federal savings bank with 82 retail branches in southern California and approximately $14 billion in deposits as of February 2010....


Insurers

  • AIG
    American International Group
    American International Group, Inc. or AIG is an American multinational insurance corporation. Its corporate headquarters is located in the American International Building in New York City. The British headquarters office is on Fenchurch Street in London, continental Europe operations are based in...

  • Ambac
    AMBAC
    AMBAC may refer to:* Ambac Financial Group, a bankrupt American financial services company* Active Mass Balance Auto Control, a component of Universal Century technology in the fictional Gundam universe...

  • MBIA
  • Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation
    Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation
    Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation is a provider of private mortgage insurance in the United States....

  • CGU
    CGU plc
    CGU plc was a large insurance group, created by the merger of Commercial Union and General Accident. The Company was listed on the London Stock Exchange.- History :...


Banks

  • BNP Paribas
    BNP Paribas
    BNP Paribas S.A. is a global banking group, headquartered in Paris, with its second global headquarters in London. In October 2010 BNP Paribas was ranked by Bloomberg and Forbes as the largest bank and largest company in the world by assets with over $3.1 trillion. It was formed through the merger...

    , France
  • JPMorgan Chase, USA
  • Citigroup
    Citigroup
    Citigroup Inc. or Citi is an American multinational financial services corporation headquartered in Manhattan, New York City, New York, United States. Citigroup was formed from one of the world's largest mergers in history by combining the banking giant Citicorp and financial conglomerate...

    , USA
  • Deutsche Bank
    Deutsche Bank
    Deutsche Bank AG is a global financial service company with its headquarters in Frankfurt, Germany. It employs more than 100,000 people in over 70 countries, and has a large presence in Europe, the Americas, Asia Pacific and the emerging markets...

    , Germany
  • IKB Industriekredit-Bank, Germany
  • Bear Stearns
    Bear Stearns
    The Bear Stearns Companies, Inc. based in New York City, was a global investment bank and securities trading and brokerage, until its sale to JPMorgan Chase in 2008 during the global financial crisis and recession...

  • Sächsische Landesbank, Germany
  • Goldman Sachs
    Goldman Sachs
    The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. is an American multinational bulge bracket investment banking and securities firm that engages in global investment banking, securities, investment management, and other financial services primarily with institutional clients...

  • Lehman Brothers
    Lehman Brothers
    Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. was a global financial services firm. Before declaring bankruptcy in 2008, Lehman was the fourth largest investment bank in the USA , doing business in investment banking, equity and fixed-income sales and trading Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. (former NYSE ticker...

  • Bank of America
    Bank of America
    Bank of America Corporation, an American multinational banking and financial services corporation, is the second largest bank holding company in the United States by assets, and the fourth largest bank in the U.S. by market capitalization. The bank is headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina...

  • Wachovia
    Wachovia
    Wachovia was a diversified financial services company based in Charlotte, North Carolina. Before its acquisition by Wells Fargo in 2008, Wachovia was the fourth-largest bank holding company in the United States based on total assets...

  • Netbank
    NetBank
    NetBank, formerly named Atlanta Internet Bank and Net.B@nk , was a financial company engaged primarily in retail banking, mortgage banking, business finance and providing ATM and merchant processing services. NetBank was founded in February 1996 and completed its initial public offering of stock...

    , USA
  • UBS AG
    UBS AG
    UBS AG is a Swiss global financial services company headquartered in Basel and Zürich, Switzerland, which provides investment banking, asset management, and wealth management services for private, corporate, and institutional clients worldwide, as well as retail clients in Switzerland...

    , Switzerland
  • Northern Rock
    Northern Rock
    Northern Rock plc is a British bank, best known for becoming the first bank in 150 years to suffer a bank run after having had to approach the Bank of England for a loan facility, to replace money market funding, during the credit crisis in 2007.  Having failed to find a commercial buyer for...

    , United Kingdom
  • HBOS
    HBOS
    HBOS plc is a banking and insurance company in the United Kingdom, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Lloyds Banking Group having been taken over in January 2009...

    , United Kingdom
  • Merrill Lynch
    Merrill Lynch
    Merrill Lynch is the wealth management division of Bank of America. With over 15,000 financial advisors and $2.2 trillion in client assets it is the world's largest brokerage. Formerly known as Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc., prior to 2009 the firm was publicly owned and traded on the New York...

     ., USA
  • Washington Mutual Bank
  • Dexia
    Dexia
    Dexia N.V./S.A., also referred to as the Dexia Group, is a Belgian-French financial institution active in public finance, providing retail and commercial banking services to individuals and SMEs, asset management, and insurance...

    , Belgium
  • Fortis
    Fortis (finance)
    Fortis N.V./S.A. was a company active in insurance, banking and investment management. In 2007 it was the 20th largest business in the world by revenue but after encountering severe problems in the financial crisis of 2008, most of the company was sold in parts, with only insurance activities...

    , Benelux
  • Royal Bank of Scotland Group, United Kingdom
  • Lloyds Banking Group
    Lloyds Banking Group
    Lloyds Banking Group plc is a major British financial institution, formed through the acquisition of HBOS by Lloyds TSB in 2009. As at February 2010, HM Treasury held a 41% shareholding through UK Financial Investments Limited . The Group headquarters is located at 25 Gresham Street in London, with...

    , United Kingdom
  • Glitnir
    Glitnir (bank)
    Glitnir was an international Icelandic bank. It was created by the state-directed merger of the country's three privately held banks - Alþýðubanki , Verzlunarbanki and Iðnaðarbanki - and one failing publicly held bank - Útvegsbanki - to form Íslandsbanki in 1990...

    , Iceland
  • Kaupthing Bank
    Kaupthing Bank
    Kaupthing Bank was an international Icelandic bank, headquartered in Reykjavík, Iceland. It was formed by the merger of Kaupthing and Búnaðarbanki Íslands in 2003 and was the largest bank in Iceland....

    , Iceland
  • Landsbanki
    Landsbanki
    Landsbanki, also commonly known as Landsbankinn in Iceland, is a private Icelandic bank with international operations...

    , Iceland

Governmental and quasi-governmental

  • United States Department of the Treasury
    United States Department of the Treasury
    The Department of the Treasury is an executive department and the treasury of the United States federal government. It was established by an Act of Congress in 1789 to manage government revenue...

  • U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
  • Federal Housing Finance Agency
    Federal Housing Finance Agency
    The Federal Housing Finance Agency is an independent federal agency created as the successor regulatory agency resulting from the statutory merger of the Federal Housing Finance Board , the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight , and the U.S...

  • State of California
  • Jefferson County, Alabama
    Jefferson County, Alabama
    Jefferson County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Alabama, with its county seat being located in Birmingham.As of the 2010 U.S. Census, the population of Jefferson County was 658,466...

  • Vallejo, California

Central Banks

  • Federal Reserve Bank
    Federal Reserve Bank
    The twelve Federal Reserve Banks form a major part of the Federal Reserve System, the central banking system of the United States. The twelve federal reserve banks together divide the nation into twelve Federal Reserve Districts, the twelve banking districts created by the Federal Reserve Act of...

    • Federal Reserve Bank of New York
      Federal Reserve Bank of New York
      The Federal Reserve Bank of New York is one of the 12 Federal Reserve Banks of the United States. It is located at 33 Liberty Street, New York, NY. It is responsible for the Second District of the Federal Reserve System, which encompasses New York state, the 12 northern counties of New Jersey,...

  • European Central Bank
    European Central Bank
    The European Central Bank is the institution of the European Union that administers the monetary policy of the 17 EU Eurozone member states. It is thus one of the world's most important central banks. The bank was established by the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1998, and is headquartered in Frankfurt,...

  • Bank of Japan
    Bank of Japan
    is the central bank of Japan. The Bank is often called for short. It has its headquarters in Chuo, Tokyo.-History:Like most modern Japanese institutions, the Bank of Japan was founded after the Meiji Restoration...

  • Central Bank of Russia

Government sponsored enterprises

  • Fannie Mae, Federal National Mortgage Association
  • Freddie Mac, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

United States officials' positions

Of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (Division A of , commonly referred to as a bailout of the U.S. financial system, is a law enacted in response to the subprime mortgage crisis...

 and its reincarnation as an amendment of H.R. 1424
Public Law 110-343
Public Law 110-343 is an Act of Congress signed into law by U.S. President George W. Bush, which was designed to mitigate the growing financial crisis of 2007–2010 by giving relief to so-called "Troubled Assets."...

, supporters and opponents:

Supporters


Non-supporters

  • Dr. Ron Paul, U.S. Congressman, Texas District 14, former candidate for Republican nomination for U.S. President
    Ron Paul
    Ronald Ernest "Ron" Paul is an American physician, author and United States Congressman who is seeking to be the Republican Party candidate in the 2012 presidential election. Paul represents Texas's 14th congressional district, which covers an area south and southwest of Houston that includes...

  • Chuck Baldwin, 2008 presidential candidate for the Constitution Party
    Chuck Baldwin
    Charles Obadiah "Chuck" Baldwin is an American politician and founder-pastor of Crossroad Baptist Church in Pensacola, Florida. He was the presidential nominee of the Constitution Party for the 2008 U.S. presidential election and had previously been its nominee for U.S. vice president in 2004...

  • Cynthia McKinney, 2008 presidential candidate for the Green Party
    Cynthia McKinney
    Cynthia Ann McKinney is a former US Congresswoman and a member of the Green Party since 2007. As a member of the Democratic Party, she served six terms as a member of the United States House of Representatives. In 2008, the Green Party nominated McKinney for President of the United States...

  • Bob Barr, 2008 presidential candidate for the Libertarian Party
    Bob Barr
    Robert Laurence "Bob" Barr, Jr. is a former federal prosecutorand a former member of the United States House of Representatives. He represented Georgia's 7th congressional district as a Republican from 1995 to 2003. Barr attained national prominence as one of the leaders of the impeachment of...

  • Ralph Nader, 2008 independent presidential candidate
    Ralph Nader
    Ralph Nader is an American political activist, as well as an author, lecturer, and attorney. Areas of particular concern to Nader include consumer protection, humanitarianism, environmentalism, and democratic government....

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