Numidia

Numidia

Numidia was an ancient Berber kingdom in part of present-day Eastern Algeria and Western Tunisia in North Africa. It is known today as the Chawi-land, the land of the Chawi people , the direct descendants of the historical Numidians or the Massyles The kingdom began as a sovereign state and later...

 was an ancient Algerian kingdom located in the region of North Africa

North Africa

North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent, linked by the Sahara to Sub-Saharan Africa. Geopolitically, the United Nations definition of Northern Africa includes eight countries or territories; Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, South Sudan, Sudan, Tunisia, and...

 in what is now northern Algeria

Algeria

Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...

 and parts de Tunisia

Tunisia

Tunisia , officially the Tunisian RepublicThe long name of Tunisia in other languages used in the country is: , is the northernmost country in Africa. It is a Maghreb country and is bordered by Algeria to the west, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Its area...

 and Libya

Libya

Libya is an African country in the Maghreb region of North Africa bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west....

 . The Kingdom existed from the 3rd to 1st centuries BC. The Kingdom of Numidia was established as a client kingdom by Rome

Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....

 following the Second Punic War

Second Punic War

The Second Punic War, also referred to as The Hannibalic War and The War Against Hannibal, lasted from 218 to 201 BC and involved combatants in the western and eastern Mediterranean. This was the second major war between Carthage and the Roman Republic, with the participation of the Berbers on...

. It was annexed by Rome in 46 BC, and then again, after a brief period of restored independence, in 25 BC.

Kings of Western Numidia

Reign	Incumbent	Notes
ante 215 BC to 202 BC	Syphax Syphax Syphax was a king of the ancient Algerian tribe Masaesyli of western Numidia during the last quarter of the 3rd century BC. His story is told in Livy's Ab Urbe Condita .-Biography:...
202 BC to ? BC	Vermina Vermina Vermina was the son of Syphax, king of Masaesylians, the people of western Numidia. He is mentioned for the first time, 204 BC, as successor to his father at the war against Massinissa, king of Massyles....
? BC to ? BC	Archobarzane Archobarzane Archobarzane, grand-son of Syphax and probably the son of Vermina, ruled the kingdom of Masaesylians after the death of Vermina.Archobarzane does not appear to have remained faithful to the alliance of the Romans...

Kings of Eastern Numidia

Reign	Incumbent	Notes
? BC to ? BC	Zelalsen
208 BC to 207 BC	Gala
207 BC to 206 BC	Ozalces
206 BC to 206 BC	Capussa
206 BC to 206 BC	Lacumazes
206 BC to ?202 BC	Massinissa

Kings of Numidia

Reign	Incumbent	Notes
202 BC to 148 BC	Massinissa	Hitherto king of Western Numidia
148 BC to 118 BC	Micipsa Micipsa Micipsa was the eldest legitimate son of Masinissa, the King of Numidia, in the Ancient Algerian Maghreb of North Africa. He became the King of Numidia.-Early life:...
148 BC to 145 BC	Gulussa
	Mastanabal
118 BC to 117 BC	Adherbal Adherbal Adherbal, son of Micipsa and grandson of Masinissa, was a king of Numidia between 118 BC and 112 BC. He inherited the throne after the death of his father, and ruled jointly with his younger brother Hiempsal, and Jugurtha, the nephew of Masinissa...
	Hiempsal I Hiempsal I Hiempsal I, son of Micipsa and grandson of Masinissa, was a king of Numidia in the late 2nd century BC.Micipsa, on his deathbed, left his two sons, Adherbal and Hiempsal, together with his cousin, Jugurtha, joint heirs of his kingdom...
	Jugurtha Jugurtha Jugurtha or Jugurthen was a King of Numidia, , born in Cirta .-Background:Until the reign of Jugurtha's grandfather Masinissa, the people of Numidia were semi-nomadic and indistinguishable from the other Libyans in North Africa...
117 BC to 112 BC	Adherbal Adherbal Adherbal, son of Micipsa and grandson of Masinissa, was a king of Numidia between 118 BC and 112 BC. He inherited the throne after the death of his father, and ruled jointly with his younger brother Hiempsal, and Jugurtha, the nephew of Masinissa...
	117 BC to 105 BC	Jugurtha Jugurtha Jugurtha or Jugurthen was a King of Numidia, , born in Cirta .-Background:Until the reign of Jugurtha's grandfather Masinissa, the people of Numidia were semi-nomadic and indistinguishable from the other Libyans in North Africa...
105 BC to 88 BC	Gauda
88 BC to 60 BC	Hiempsal II Hiempsal II Hiempsal II was a king of Numidia. He was the son of Gauda, half-brother of Jugurtha, and was the father of Juba I.In 88 BC, after the triumph of Lucius Cornelius Sulla, when Gaius Marius and his son fled from Rome to Africa, Hiempsal received them with apparent friendliness, his real intention...
60 BC to 46 BC	Juba I
46 BC to 30 BC	Roman Republic Roman Republic The Roman Republic was the period of the ancient Roman civilization where the government operated as a republic. It began with the overthrow of the Roman monarchy, traditionally dated around 508 BC, and its replacement by a government headed by two consuls, elected annually by the citizens and...  Suzerainty
30 BC to 25 BC	Juba II Juba II Juba II or Juba II of Numidia was a king of Numidia and then later moved to Mauretania. His first wife was Cleopatra Selene II, daughter to Greek Ptolemaic Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt and Roman triumvir Mark Antony.-Early life:Juba II was a prince of Berber descent from North Africa...

Post-Independence

From the end of the Kingdom, Numidia was ruled by the following powers:-

• 25 BC to 395 AD: Roman Empire
  Roman Empire
  The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
  
  , becoming
• 395 to 429 Western Roman Empire
  Western Roman Empire
  The Western Roman Empire was the western half of the Roman Empire after its division by Diocletian in 285; the other half of the Roman Empire was the Eastern Roman Empire, commonly referred to today as the Byzantine Empire....
  
  
• 429 to 534: Vandals
  Vandals
  The Vandals were an East Germanic tribe that entered the late Roman Empire during the 5th century. The Vandals under king Genseric entered Africa in 429 and by 439 established a kingdom which included the Roman Africa province, besides the islands of Sicily, Corsica, Sardinia and the Balearics....
  
  
• 534 to 642: Eastern Roman Empire
• 642 to 740: Muslim Arabs
  Caliphate
  The term caliphate, "dominion of a caliph " , refers to the first system of government established in Islam and represented the political unity of the Muslim Ummah...
  
  
• 743 to 1517: Various Berber Muslim kingdoms
• 1517 to 1830: Direct Ottoman rule, or inderect Ottoman influence
• 1830 to 1962: French invasion and occupation of Algeria
• 1962 to modern day: Independence of Algeria